© 2004 IBM Corporation IBM ^ Objectives Describe how CP commands are used and structured Explain the importance of the VM Dump Tool and VM Virtual

© 2004 IBM Corporation

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Objectives

Describe how CP commands are used and structured

Explain the importance of the VM Dump Tool and VM Virtual LANs

List and describe the important and most useful CP commands


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Control Program (CP)

It provides each user with an individual working virtual machine environment

Every virtual machine is a functional equivalent of a real system, sharing:

Processor functions Storage Console I/O device resources

It provides connectivity support to exchange information and access resources


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Real-Machine Resource Manager

CP is a real-machine resource manager Handles real machine hardware interrupts and all intercepts

Schedules certain real I/O operations

Manages:

– Real storage

– Expanded storage

– Auxiliary storage CP is the only way to communicate with the real resources on

your virtual machine


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Read/Punch/Print


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Cross-System Extension (CSE)

Allows multiple systems to be coupled together in a complex that provides CSE

Cross-system link extends the existing CP minidisk access protocols

Allows Single System Image


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CSE Capabilities


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Overview of Setting up a CSE Complex

1. Provide the hardware connections between the processors

1. Install the IBM VM/Pass-Through Facility (licensed program)

1. Configure z/VM and the supporting programs with the information they need to run the CSE complex


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Using CSE as a Hot Backup … HeartBeat


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Inter-System Facility for Communications

Inter-System Facility for Communications (ISFC) is a function of CP

It enables communications between programs written to: APPC/VM Communication Services (CS), which is a group of

interconnected VM systems that uses ISFC to communicate with each other

Specific programming interfaces: IUCV


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The Three Types of Virtual Machines

The three types of VMs are defined by their storage configurations

V=R

– CP provides best performance benefits for the VM and it must begin at location 0

V=F

– Also provides performance benefits but does not have to start at location 0

V=V

– It does not map the host storage; it pages guest real storage into and out of the host real storage


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Real Storage in z/VM


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Real Storage in z/VM cont.


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Preferred Virtual Machines

V=R & V=F SimilaritiesStore information in the real location

Are mapped into contiguous real storage

Can have dedicated real processors

Have similar I/O interpretations and simulation for shared devices

V=R & V=F DifferencesV=F can have more than one virtual machine running, while V=R can only run one virtual machineV=F does not start at absolute zeroV=R must start at absolute 0 V=R has better performance because it does less table translation than V=F


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Using CP Commands

z/VM uses the CP command language to configure, tune and manipulate resources

To control the resources of the real machine

– Processors

– I/O devices

– Networking devices

To control your virtual machine’s configuration and environment


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CP Command Structure

z/VM’s CP command lines contain a command name and a positional operand

Command names are:– Alphanumeric and less than 12 characters long

– Verbs that describe the function Operands are:

– Keywords and symbols 8 characters or less in length

– Not required on some commands


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CP Command Truncations and Abbreviations

Truncations:Shorter form created by dropping one or more letters from the end of the command or operandThe uppercase letters in the syntax diagram must remain, but lowercase letters can be omitted For the QUERY command we could use:

Query Full name

que Truncation

q Shortest truncation

Abbreviations:Shorter form of command namesThey appear below the full name of the command in the syntax diagramOperand abbreviations are displayed in the operand descriptionFor the MESSAGE command we could use:

Message Full NameMsg Abbreviation


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CP Control Tools: VM Guest LAN

Virtual AdaptersSimulated by a NIC, such as HiperSockets and OSA-Express devices

Can be operated by a guest using the same software that would be used to control the equivalent hardware

Connectivity for Virtual AdaptersEnables VM users to connect virtual network adapters to an emulated LANWhen connected to this virtual LAN, users can communicate over a physical LAN segment


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CP Control Tools: VM Dump Tool


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CP Commands


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Privilege Class Revisited


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ATTACH


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ATTACH


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DEFINE

The DEFINE command can change your system configuration and allows you to add new commands and setups to your system

Usage Notes: You can suppress messages from this command by entering SET

IMSG OFF Using the DEFINE command to alter the configuration of your virtual

machine is temporary. Your configuration returns to its original state at the end of the session

Using the DEFINE command for I/O configuration is also temporary, unless you update you I/O configuration program file to make the changes permanent


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DEDICATE


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DEDICATE – Usage Notes

Defaults for DEDICATE are:– CPU ALL– User ID of the V=R machine

If there are more virtual processors then real processors, the lowest virtual addresses are dedicated first.

Order is not important for CPU and USER. It is possible to have your dedicated processor become undedicated

when some commands are issued after DEDICATE. This can be avoided if you enable automatic dedication.


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INDICATE

For privilege Class G, it displays: Recent contention for system resources Environment characteristics of your virtual machine Measurements of resources used by your virtual machine

For privilege Class E (sometimes B or C) it displays: Detailed information on the use of system resources The status of currently active virtual machines Environment characteristics and measurements of resources used by

any virtual machine


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MESSAGE

The MESSAGE command: Transmits messages to the virtual console of other active users Has the format Message userid messtosend

Usage Notes: Messaging length in the CP environment is limited by the input area of

the terminal The SET MSG OFF command suppresses messages Messages are displayed only when the display device is ready to receive

output If MSG ALL AT ALL is entered in a CSE, every user in every system

receives the message


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VARY (Real Device)


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VARY – Usage Notes

Usage Notes: If you specify a list of devices, the summary at the end will list the

devices that were varied online or offline

If your devices were varied online, but a success status does not appear and no errors occurred, use the FORCE operand to bring them online

The test operand provides the ability to use VARY for a device that would not normally be allowed by CP


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Conclusion

CP manages the resources of a single computer so that multiple computing systems appear to exist

CSE and ISFC help CP work with other virtual machines to create an interconnected environment

Virtual Machines can be set up to run in many different environments, such as V=V, V=R, and V=F

CP-supported facilities show how z/VM can be modified and extended by the CP commands


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Glossary

Cross System Extensions (CSE)- allows users in up to four interconnected VM systems to participate in a multi-system environment.

Inter-System Facility for Communications (ISFC)- provides communications facilities between transaction programs on interconnected z/VM systems.

Programmed Operator Facility (PROP)- allows remote control of a virtual machine, enabling limited automation of routine operator activities


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Glossary

Dynamic Paging Area (DPA)- part of the real storage that CP uses for virtual machine pages...the real page pool

Operands- keywords and symbols that affect command functions.Command names- verbs that describe command functions. In z/VM,

they are alphanumeric and less than 12 characters long. Truncations- shorter forms constructed by dropping one or more letters

from the end of a command or operand nameAbbreviations- short versions of command names


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Glossary

Asynchronous Data Mover Facility (ADMF)- can offload page move activity onto the I/O processor, freeing the instruction processor

Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)- a chip technology used almost universally for processors today

Cryptography- an effective means of protecting data in computers and communication systems from unauthorized disclosure

ESCON- a set of products and services that use optical fiber technology and dynamically modifiable switches called ESCON Directors


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Glossary

Fiber optic cables- reduce cable bulk, allowing for an increase in the amount of distance between processors and attached devices, and improved data transfer rates

FICON- a fiber optic I/O architecture that coexists with and exploits existing ESCON equipment and infrastructure, but offers improved link performance and enhanced distance connectivity

Fast Synchronous Data Mover (FSDM)- replaces ADMF on the G5/G6 and all later processors

Documents

© 2004 IBM Corporation IBM ^ Objectives Describe how CP commands are used and structured Explain the importance of the VM Dump Tool and VM Virtual