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Module 4-2
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
You Are Here
vSphere Environment
VMware vCenter Server
Introduction to VMware Virtualization
VMware ESX and ESXi
Networking
Storage
Virtual Machines
Operations
Access Control
Resource Monitoring
Data Protection
Scalability
High Availability
Patch Management
Installing VMware ESX and ESXi
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-3
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Importance
VMware vCenter™ Server allows you to centrally manage multiple VMware® ESX™/ESXi hosts and their virtual machines. Failure to properly install, configure, and manage vCenter Server could result in reduced administrative efficiency or possible ESX/ESXi host and virtual machine downtime.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-4
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Module Lessons
Lesson 1: Installing vCenter Server
Lesson 2: Using vCenter Server
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-5
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lesson 1:Installing vCenter Server
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-6
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lesson Objectives
Describe the vCenter Server architecture
Describe the vCenter Server components
Install vCenter Server
Install the VMware vSphere™ Client
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-7
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server: Management Platform
VMware vCenter Server is a service that acts as a central administration point for ESX/ESXi hosts and their virtual machines, connected on a network:
Up to 1,000 hosts per vCenter Server instance
Up to 10,000 powered-on virtual machines per vCenter Server instance
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-8
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Architecture
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-9
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server Components
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-10
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Additional vCenter Server Modules
Optional vCenter Server modules (plug-ins) provide additional features to vCenter Server.
Examples:
VMware vCenter Update Manager
VMware vCenter Converter
These modules include a server component and a client component:
The client component is a plug-in available for download and installation to the vSphere Client after the server component is installed in vCenter Server.
The client component alters the interface by adding items related to the enhanced functionality.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-11
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server: Physical or Virtual Machine
When using a physical machine:
A dedicated physical server is required.
vCenter Server is not susceptible to potential VMware vSphere outage.
vCenter Server performance is limited only by the system hardware.
When using a virtual machine:
A dedicated physical server is not required.
vCenter Server is susceptible to potential vSphere outage.
The vCenter Server instance can be migrated from one system to another during maintenance activities.
vCenter Server must contend for resources with the other virtual machines on the host.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-12
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server Hardware and Software Requirements
Hardware requirements (physical or virtual machine):
Number of CPUs – Two 64-bit CPUs or one 64-bit dual-core processor
Processor – 2.0GHz or higher Intel or AMD processor*
Memory – 3GB RAM minimum*
Disk storage – 3GB minimum*
Networking – Gigabit connection recommended
* Higher if database runs on the same machine
Software requirements:
64-bit operating system is required.
Examples of guest operating systems supported:
• Windows XP Pro 64-bit, SP2, Windows Server 2003 Enterprise SP2, Windows 2008 R2 64-bit
See “vSphere Compatibility Matrixes.”
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-13
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Database Requirements
Each vCenter Server instance must have a connection to a database to organize all the configuration data.
Supported databases: Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Oracle 10g and 11g IBM DB2 9.5
Default database – Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Express: Bundled with vCenter Server Used for product evaluations and demos Also used for small deployments (up to five hosts and 50 virtual
machines)
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-14
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Use the VMware vCenter Server 4.x Database Sizing Calculator: For Microsoft
SQL Server and Oracle
Or use the what-if calculator built in to vCenter Server.
Calculating the Database Size
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-15
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Before Installing vCenter Server
Before beginning the vCenter Server installation, make sure that the following prerequisites are met:
Ensure that vCenter Server hardware and software requirements are met.
Ensure that the vCenter Server system belongs to a domain rather than a workgroup.
Create a vCenter Server database, unless you are using the default database.
Obtain and assign static IP address and host name to the vCenter Server system.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-16
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Installing vCenter Server and Its Components
Use the VMware vCenter Installer to install vCenter Server and its components.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Install vCenter Server.
Install the
vSphere Client.
Install additional modules, such as Update Manager
and vCenter Converter.
Module 4-17
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server Installation Wizard
The vCenter Server Installation wizard asks for the following data.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Parameter Description
User name and organization User identification
License key Evaluation or valid license key
Database information Default database or remote database connection information
SYSTEM account information User for running the vCenter Server service
Destination folder Software location
Standalone or join a Linked Mode group
Standalone instance(vCenter Linked Mode is discussed in a later
module.)
Ports Ports used for communicating with client interfaces and managed hosts
JVM memory JVM memory configuration for the vCenter Server Web service
Module 4-18
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server Services
vCenter Server is installed on a Windows system.
After it is installed, vCenter Server services can be managed from the Windows Control Panel (Administrative Tools > Services).
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-19
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Installing the vSphere Client
The vSphere Client is an interface used to connect remotely to vCenter Server from a Windows system.
Two ways to install the vSphere Client:
Use the VMware vCenter Installer.
Download the client from the main Web page of the vCenter Server system.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Point to the vCenter Server.
Download the vSphere Client to a supported Windows
system.
Module 4-20
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Logging In to the vSphere Client
To log in to the vSphere Client, enter:
Host name or IP address of the vCenter Server system
Windows user and password
(Optional) Use your Windows session credentials.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-21
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Default vCenter Server Plug-Ins
vCenter Server is installed with a set of default plug-ins.
To install a new plug-in, use the Plug-in Manager in the vSphere Client.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-22
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lab 2
In this lab, you will install vCenter Server components.
1. Access your vCenter Server system.
2. Configure a SQL Server ODBC connection to a remote database.
3. Install vCenter Server.
4. Install the vSphere Client on the vCenter Server system.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-23
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lesson Summary
Describe the vCenter Server architecture
Describe the vCenter Server components
Install vCenter Server
Install the vSphere Client
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-24
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lesson 2:Using vCenter Server
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-25
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lesson Objectives
Create and organize vCenter Server inventory objects
Navigate using the vSphere Client
Add license keys to vCenter Server
View vCenter Server logs and events
Create a vCenter Server administrator
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-26
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Datacenter Object
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-27
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Organizing Inventory Objects into Folders
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-28
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Navigating the vSphere Client
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Home page
search box
navigation bar
Module 4-29
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server Views: Hosts and Clusters, VMs and Templates
VMs and Templates inventory viewHosts and Clusters inventory view
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-30
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server Views: Datastores and Networks
Networking inventory viewDatastores inventory view
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-31
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Adding a Host to the vCenter Server Inventory
To add an ESX/ESXi host to the vCenter Server inventory, use the Add Host wizard. Specify: Fully qualified
domain name User name and
password (ESXi hosts only)
Lockdown mode enabled
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-32
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
ESX/ESXi and vCenter Server Communication
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-33
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter License Overview
Licenses are managed and monitored from vCenter Server.
Licensing consists of:
Product – License to use a vSphere software component or feature
License key – 25-character string that corresponds to a product
Asset – Machine on which a product is installed
product
license key
assets
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-34
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server Events
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
event search
details of selected
event
Module 4-35
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
vCenter Server System Logs
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
log search
Module 4-36
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Creating a vCenter Server Administrator
Avoid using the Windows Administrator user to run vCenter Server after it has been installed.
By default, the Windows local Administrators group is given the vCenter Server role named Administrator.
Use a nonadministrative Windows account to run vCenter Server.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Remove the Windows Administrators group from the list.
Group vSphereAdminsand user Rawlinson
are assigned the vCenter Server Administrator role.
Module 4-37
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lab 3
In this lab, you will perform basic vCenter Server inventory operations.
1. Log in to the vCenter Server system from your desktop virtual machine.
2. Add your ESXi host to the vCenter Server inventory.
3. Create folder objects.
4. Manage vSphere license keys.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-38
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lesson Summary
Create and organize vCenter Server inventory objects
Navigate using the vSphere Client
Add license keys to vCenter Server
View vCenter Server logs and events
Create a vCenter Server administrator
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 4-39
© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Key Points
The vCenter architecture consists of vCenter Server, the vCenter Server database, Active Directory, and managed ESX/ESXi hosts.
Use the inventory views to organize inventory objects in a meaningful way.
It is a good practice to assign the vCenter Server Administrator role to a normal Windows user account and to remove this role from the Windows Administrator group.
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A