بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Covering or drapping the animal body surface except

the site of operation.

Used for

Holding or fixation of the surgical towels with the skin of

the patient around the surgical field of operation.

Used for

Surgical field after draping.

Cutting of tissues during incision and excision.

1. Handle.

2. Blade.

Handle of scalpels

surgical Blade

Consists of:

1. Changeable scalpel.

2. Fixed scalpel.

Types:

Fixed scalpel

Changeable scalpel

1. Finger-tip grip.

2. Pencil grip.

Handle of scalpels

Handling:

Pencil gripFinger-tip grip

The blade must be at 45˚ angle with the surface of the body.

the cutting action done by the shaft of the blade not by the tip.

Incision by the tip called stab incision and used in opening of swellings as

abscess.

Handle of scalpels

Handling:

Handle of scalpels

Handling:

Handle of scalpels

Application and removal

1. Straight blunt fixed scalpel.

2. Curved blunt fixed scalpel.

3. Curved pointed fixed scalpel.

4. Straight pointed fixed scalpel.

Handle of scalpels

Fixed scalpel

Opening of the abscess.

Handle of scalpels

Used for:

1. Straight blunt fixed scalpel.

2. Curved blunt fixed scalpel.

3.Straight pointed fixed scalpel.

Handle of scalpels

For cutting of tendons (tenotomy) and ligament

(desmotomy).

Handle of scalpels

Used for:

Treated through medial patellar desmotomy.

Handle of scalpels

Grasping or holding of the tissues either during the surgery

or suturing.

Used for

1. Toothed tissue forceps: for hard tissues “skin”.

2. Non-toothed tissue forceps: for soft tissues “s/c, muscles,

internal organs”.

Types:

Toothed tissue

forceps

Non-toothed tissue forceps

Pencil grip handling with the non-dominant hand.

Handling:

Grasping or holding of the tissues for long

period during the surgery.

Used for

Handling:

As sissors.

Sharp dissection of tissues (surgical cuts).

Blunt dissection of tissues (enter closed the opened).

Handle of scalpels

Used for: Many types of scissors are present differ in its shape, size and use.

Handle of scalpels

classification

1. According to the point (end). “pointed & blunt”

2. According to the shaft (body). “straight, curved & angular”

3. special scissors.

classification

classification

classification Angular scissors

used for ???????

Handle of scalpels

classification

classification

classification

Handle of scalpels

classification

Handle of scalpels

classification

Handle of scalpels

classification

Handle of scalpels

classification Bandage scissors:

Used for removal of the bandage.Special

Scissors:

Handle of scalpels

classification Dissector scissors:

Used for dissection of the deeply situated tissues.

Has a long handle and small curve jaw.

Special

Scissors:

Handle of scalpels

classification Delicate or ophthalmic scissors:

Used for ophthalmic and vascular surgery.

Very small and delicate.

Special

Scissors:

Handle of scalpels

Handling: Thumb: upper eye. 4th finger: lower eye.

Middle finger: in front of lower eye.5th finger: behind the lower eye.Index: at bifurcation.

Arresting of hemorrhage during surgical operation

mechanically through crushing of the blood vessels wall.

Used for

Handling:

As sissors.

From inside: transverse ridges.

For small blood vessels.

Widening or dilatation of the wound edges for more

exposure or vision.

Used for

1. Manual wound dilator

Types:

2. Self-retaining wound dilator.

Types:

3. Self-retaining eyelid dilator.

Types:

Holding of the needle during suturing.

Used for:

1. Manual “ordinary” needle holder.

2. Automatic needle holder.

Types:

1. As scissors.

2. By the palm of the hand.

Handling:

Qu

est

ion

s

Now the general

instruments are finished

Removal of necrosed and un healthy tissue from the depth of

the wounds till blood oozing.

Used for:

Single spoonful curette

Double spoonful curette

To detect the direction and depth of any cavity or canal.

As in wound, fistula , quittor , abnormal congenital opening.

Used for:

Grasping of the tumor mass during surgery.

Used for:

Arresting of hemorrhage mechanically as during ear

trimming.

Used for:

Ligation of deeply seated blood vessels during surgery.

Massive ligation of blood vessels.

Used for: