AustraliaAustralia

ContentsContents Historical momentsHistorical moments The states of AustraliaThe states of Australia New South Wales (NSW)New South Wales (NSW) Victoria (VIC)Victoria (VIC) The Australian Capital Territory (ACT)The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) QueenslandQueensland South AustraliaSouth Australia TASMANIATASMANIA PORT ARTHURPORT ARTHUR Western AustraliaWestern Australia Northern Territory (NT)Northern Territory (NT) Aboriginal cultureAboriginal culture QuestionsQuestions

It is the world’s largest island and it is the smallest continent.

The Commonwealth of Australia

• The Commonwealth of Australia is a federal state. Its territories are the continent of Australia, the island of Tasmania and a number of smaller islands. It has an area of about 8 million square kilometres

• AUD - Australian dollars are now made of polymer.

Historical momentsHistorical moments Australia has been inhabited for Australia has been inhabited for

over over 40,000 years40,000 years by by Indigenous Australians Indigenous Australians (Aboriginals). (Aboriginals).

European discovery of Australia European discovery of Australia was made by Dutch navigators was made by Dutch navigators but most people think it was but most people think it was Captain James CookCaptain James Cook who who discovered it in discovered it in 17701770. Australia . Australia was settled as the British penal was settled as the British penal colony of New South Wales on colony of New South Wales on 26 January 178826 January 1788. As the new . As the new areas were explored, another areas were explored, another five colonies were established in five colonies were established in the the 19th century19th century.. rusrus

The states of Australia

New South Wales (NSW)New South Wales (NSW)

New South Wales (NSW) is Australia's oldest state. Its capital Sydney (population: 4.3 million) is the most beautiful city in Australia. Sydney is the business and financial capital of Australia. Most of companies and banks have their headquarters in Sydney, creating excellent job opportunities. rus

SYDNEY

The Harbour Bridge and Opera House became symbols of Australia.

Victoria (VIC) Victoria (VIC) is Australian

state build on gold rush. Its capital Melbourne (population: 3.6 million) was selected twice as the world's "most liveable city" - good climate, low crime, friendly people. Melbourne is considered capital of culture, sport and fashion. The most famous competitions in Melbourne are tennis championship Australian Open, Formula 1 car races, and horse races - Melbourne Cup. rus

The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) is an Australian

territory which includes Canberra - capital of Australia. The ACT is wholly surrounded by the state of New South Wales.Canberra is famous as "planned and artificial" city, there are lots of parks and museums here. Apparently, there are no traffic jams in Canberra! Canberra is the capital, so here you will find the Australian parliament, government organisations and embassies of the foreign countries .

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Queensland• Brisbane is the capital of

Queensland, with population about 1.7 million. It is third largest city in Australia, after Sydney and Melbourne. Brisbane's skyline is quite impressive, with many high rise buildings. Locals proudly call their city "Bris Vegas". Most of major tourist attractions, such as theme parks, are located on Gold Coast and not in Brisbane itself.

• Gold Coast is definitely the Beach Capital of Australia.Right here, about an hour drive from Brisbane, you can see Australia from your dreams - endless beaches, skyscrapers, sunshine and quite warm ocean all year round. rus

South Australia

• Adelaide - the compact and elegant capital of South Australia is the fifth-largest city in the country with population above a million people.First impression of the city is very pleasant. Thanks to a mild Mediterranean climate with a 15° C average daily temp. in winter and a 29° C average over the summer period, easy access to the ocean and beaches, wonderful historic buildings, 29 green parks and of course festivals, Adelaide became a very nice place to stay. rus

TASMANIA

• Hobart is the capital of Tasmania state. It is also the second oldest city in Australia behind Sydney! It is the largest city in Tasmania, its population fetching 190,000.There is a nice port with yachts and fishermen boats.

• Hobart is one of the worlds major Antarctic gateways, lots of polar expeditions has a base camp here. There is a monument for North Pole pioneers here.

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PORT ARTHUR• Most of people know in early days

Australia was a British colony for prisoners.

• Half of all Australian prisoners was held in Tasmania, the smallest Australian state. Tasmania is an isolated island, separated by Bass straight from mainland Australia. This makes ideal prison location.

• From 1830 to 1877, Port Arthur was one of the world's harshest prisons. It was build for the most dangerous criminals, including those who had escaped from other prisons.

• Nearly 13,000 convicts were "doing their time" in Port Arthur, and about 2,000 died here. rus

Western Australia

Western Australia (WA) is huge - about 2.5 mln sq. km. There are deserts, awesome coast with surf breaks rivalling those in Hawaii.

WA is a home of fabulous Ningaloo reef which can easily rival Great Barrier Reef, but hardly known by anyone outside Australia.

Perth is the most isolated city in the world, with fine food, great skyline and parks.

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Northern Territory (NT)• Northern Territory (NT) with the capital

Darvin is endless deserts.

• Life here is tough: Wet season, hot temperature, humidity, isolation, deadly jellyfish and crocodiles. rus

Aboriginal culture• Traditional aboriginal culture, throwing the

boomerang, ritual dancing, starting fire with sticks - that's what lots of tourists expect to see in Australia. Thanks to movies and books we have romantic imagination about ancient aboriginal civilisation...

• Reality is quite different. Indigenous population in major cities in Australia is very small, and it's hard to meet native Australians on the streets of Melbourne, Sydney or Adelaide. Modern Aboriginals have a modern life, they use cars, TVs and other modern conveniences.

• The only touches of Aboriginal culture are artifacts like boomerangs, paintings, and musical instruments such as didjeridoo and rainstick which you can buy in souvenir shops.

• Shortly after colonisation, aboriginals were ruthlessly attacked by white colonizers. Many of the Aboriginals died from diseases brought to Australia (such as the common cold).

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Tjapukai Aboriginal Cultural Park

• The only place where tourists could experience Aboriginal culture and traditions is the Tjapukai Aboriginal Cultural Park.

• It is located in the far north of Australia, near Cairns city. You can see traditional dance, learn how to paint boomerang and throw it so it comes back.

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Questions

• By whom was Australia discovered and when was it happened?

• When was the birth of the new nation celebrated?

• What is the official name of Australia?

• What landscape is typical of Australia?

• Name big cities of Australia.

• What is the capital of Australia?

Task

• 1. What is the name of the large island off the southern coast of Australia?a) Guam b)Tasmania

• 2. Which of the following animals is native to Australia?a)Koala b)Panda

• 3. What is a didgeridoo?a)An aboriginal musical instrument b)_A poisonous snake

• 4. What is the name of a large, hopping marsupial from Australia?Peccary Kangaroo

• 5. What is the official language of Australia?a)English b)Portuguese

Say what is…

• 1. The name of the smallest continent

• 2. New South ___________, a state in Australia

• 3. The name for the native people of Australia

• 4. Australia's island state

• 5. A large inland body of water