1. Presentation Prykinoy Darya 6 - 4 class On the theme of
"William Shakespeare"
2. SHAKESPEARE
SHAKESPEARE (Shakespeare) William (1564-1616), English
playwright, poet, was an actor of the royal troupe. Poem "Venus and
Adonis" (1593) - on the mythological story, "Lucretia" (1594) -
from Roman history. "Shakespeare's canon" (no doubt belonging to
him play), includes 37 plays. Early pieces are imbued with
reassuring beginning: The comedy "The Taming of the Shrew" (1593),
'Midsummer Night's Dream "(1596)," Much Ado About Nothing "(1598).
The tragedy of love and fidelity at the cost of living "Romeo and
Juliet" (1595). In the historical chronicles ( "Richard III, 1593,
"Henry IV, 1597-98), tragedies (Hamlet, 1601, "Othello", 1604,
"King Lear", 1605, "Macbeth", 1606), in "Roman tragedies"
(political - "Julius Caesar", 1599, "Antony and Cleopatra, 1607,"
Coriolanus ", 1607), lyrical-philosophical" sonnets "(1592-1600,
published in 1609), moral, social and political conflicts era
comprehended as eternal, Unavoidable, as the laws of the world
order in which the highest human values - kindness, dignity, honor,
justice - inevitably distorted and suffer a tragic defeat. Create
bright, endowed with a powerful will and strong passions of the
characters, capable of both the heroic confrontation with fate and
circumstances, self-sacrifice, the experience of responsibility for
disorder of the world ( "broken chain of times")And ready to
transgress the moral "law" and to die for the sake of absorbing
their ideas and passion (ambition, power, love). The search for an
optimistic conflict resolution led to the creation of the romantic
drama "Winter's Tale" (1611), "The Tempest" (1612). Shakespeare -
the greatest examples of tragedy in world literature.
3. Stratford. Leaving for London
Born in a family of merchant and respected citizen of John
Shakespeare. Shakespeare's ancestors for several centuries were
engaged in arable farming in the vicinity of Stratford. 1568-69 -
the years of greatest prosperity of the family, followed by the
slow ruin. Around 1580, William had to leave school, which was
abolished in Stratford, and start working. It is believed that
leaving school, Shakespeare for some time as an apprentice to help
his father. In November 1582 he married Anne Heteuey. Perhaps the
marriage was forced: in May the following year their first born
child - a daughter, Susan. In February 1585 came to light twins -
son and daughter, Judith Gamneta. In the second half of 1580-ies.
Shakespeare leaves Stratford. Are entering the so-called "lost" or
"dark years", about which nothing is known.
4. Stratford. Leaving for London
At the turn of 1590-ies. Shakespeare arrives in London. During
these years, was established by its first play - chronicle of Henry
VI . Having become quite a prominent figure, Shakespeare, once
received a jealous outburst from one of then reigned on the stage
of Playwrights Group university minds "Robert Greene, who called
him" tremor of the scene "(punning play on the name of Shakespeare:
Shake-speare, that is' tremor spear ") and black, which" ryaditsya
in our feathers "(tampered with a quote from" Henry VI). This was
the first surviving tip.
5. The emergence of a new playwright
In 1592-94 the London theaters are closed because of plague.
During involuntary pauses Shakespeare creates a few pieces: A
chronicle of "Richard III, The Comedy of Errors" and "The Taming of
the Shrew", his first tragedy (more the consistency of every day
life-style "massacre") "Titus Andronicus" and are released for the
first time under your name poem "Venus and Adonis "and" Lucretia ".
In 1594 after the opening of theaters Shakespeare joins the new
composition of the troupe Lord Chamberlain, is named after its
patron Hansdona posts. From the stage came down (dead or have
ceased to write for the theater) "university minds. It starts with
Shakespeare's. Here's what he wrote one of his contemporaries F.
Merez in 1597: "Just as Plautus and Seneca were considered among
the Romans to the best of comedy and tragedy, as Shakespeare is the
British naiprevoshodneyshim in both types of plays intended for the
stage.
6. Creative takeoff. Globus
In 1590-ies. (period, which is considered to be the first in
Shakespeare's works), Shakespeare creates all its major chronicles
and most comedies. In 1595-96 years written a tragedy "Romeo and
Juliet", after her - "The Merchant of Venice" - the first comedy
that will later be called "serious".
In autumn 1599 the theater was called "Globe". Above the
entrance - the winged words: "The whole world - theater ( Totus
mundis agit histrionem). Shakespeare in one of his co-owners, the
company and the main actor playwright. In the year of the opening
of the Globe, he wrote the Roman tragedy "Julius Caesar" and the
comedy "As You Like It" that the development of melancholy
characters open the way to created a year later "Hamlet". Since his
appearance begins a period of "great tragedies" (1601-1606). They
belong to "Othello" (1604), "King Lear" (1605), "Macbeth" (1606).
Tone comedies now became serious, and sometimes becomes completely
dark in such works as "Troilus and Cressida" (1601-1602), "All's
well that ends well" (1603-1603), "Measure for Measure"
(1604).
7. The sudden departure in Stratford
March 28, 1603 Queen Elizabeth dies. English throne passes to
James I, son of Mary Stuart was executed, to inherit the crown of
Scotland. The new king signed a patent, which takes under its
highest patronage troupe of actors of Lord Chamberlain. Henceforth
they will be referred to as "servants to His Majesty the King".
After 1606 started the last period of Shakespeare's works, which
ended in 1613 he left his native Stratford. At the same time
creating a tragedy of classical subjects ( "Antony and Cleopatra"
"Coriolanus," "Timon of Athens, 1607-08). It was followed later
"romantic" plays, including "Winter's Tale" and "Storm"
(1610-12).
The reason for the sudden termination of a successful career as
a playwright and his departure from the capital was likely the
disease. In March 1616 Shakespeare is and sign the will, which
subsequently causes so many misunderstandings about his identity,
authorship, and will rise to what would be called "Shakespearean
question". It is believed that Shakespeare died on the same day
that was born - on April 23. Two days later, followed by burial at
the altar of Holy Trinity Church on the outskirts of Stratford, in
the register of which about this recording was made.
8. The sudden departure in Stratford
SHAKESPEARE (Shakespeare) William (1564-1616), English
playwright, poet, was an actor of the royal troupe. Poem "Venus and
Adonis" (1593) - on the mythological story, "Lucretia" (1594) -
from Roman history. "Shakespeare's canon" (no doubt belonging to
him play), includes 37 plays. Early pieces are imbued with
reassuring beginning: The comedy "The Taming of the Shrew" (1593),
'Midsummer Night's Dream "(1596)," Much Ado About Nothing "(1598).
The tragedy of love and fidelity at the cost of living "Romeo and
Juliet" (1595). In the historical chronicles ( "Richard III, 1593,
"Henry IV, 1597-98), tragedies (Hamlet, 1601, "Othello", 1604,
"King Lear", 1605, "Macbeth", 1606), in "Roman tragedies"
(political - "Julius Caesar", 1599, "Antony and Cleopatra, 1607,"
Coriolanus ", 1607), lyrical-philosophical" sonnets "(1592-1600,
published in 1609), moral, social and political conflicts era
comprehended as eternal, Unavoidable, as the laws of the world
order in which the highest human values - kindness, dignity, honor,
justice - inevitably distorted and suffer a tragic defeat. Create
bright, endowed with a powerful will and strong passions of the
characters, capable of both the heroic confrontation with fate and
circumstances, self-sacrifice, the experience of responsibility for
disorder of the world ( "broken chain of times")And ready to
transgress the moral "law" and to die for the sake of absorbing
their ideas and passion (ambition, power, love). The search for an
optimistic conflict resolution led to the creation of the romantic
drama "Winter's Tale" (1611), "The Tempest" (1612). Shakespeare -
the greatest examples of tragedy in world literature.
9. Stratford. Leaving for London
Born in a family of merchant and respected citizen of John
Shakespeare. Shakespeare's ancestors for several centuries were
engaged in arable farming in the vicinity of Stratford. 1568-69 -
the years of greatest prosperity of the family, followed by the
slow ruin. Around 1580, William had to leave school, which was
abolished in Stratford, and start working. It is believed that
leaving school, Shakespeare for some time as an apprentice to help
his father. In November 1582 he married Anne Heteuey. Perhaps the
marriage was forced: in May the following year their first born
child - a daughter, Susan. In February 1585 came to light twins -
son and daughter, Judith Gamneta. In the second half of 1580-ies.
Shakespeare leaves Stratford. Are entering the so-called "lost" or
"dark years", about which nothing is known.
At the turn of 1590-ies. Shakespeare arrives in London. During
these years, was established by its first play - chronicle of Henry
VI . Having become quite a prominent figure, Shakespeare, once
received a jealous outburst from one of then reigned on the stage
of Playwrights Group university minds "Robert Greene, who called
him" tremor of the scene "(punning play on the name of Shakespeare:
Shake-speare, that is' tremor spear ") and black, which" ryaditsya
in our feathers "(tampered with a quote from" Henry VI). This was
the first surviving tip.
10. Creative takeoff. Globus
March 28, 1603 Queen Elizabeth dies. English throne passes to
James I, son of Mary Stuart was executed, to inherit the crown of
Scotland. The new king signed a patent, which takes under its
highest patronage troupe of actors, Lord Chamberlain. Henceforth
they will be referred to as "servants of His Majesty the King."
After 1606 started the last period of Shakespeare's works, which
ended in 1613 he left his native Stratford. At the same time
creating a tragedy of classical subjects ( "Antony and Cleopatra"
"Coriolanus," "Timon of Athens, 1607-08). It was followed later
"romantic" plays, including "Winter's Tale" and "Storm"
(1610-12).
The reason for the sudden termination of a successful career as
a playwright and his departure from the capital was, apparently,
the disease. In March 1616 Shakespeare is and sign the will, which
subsequently causes so many misunderstandings about his identity,
authorship, and will rise to what would be called "Shakespearean
question". It is believed that Shakespeare died on the same day
that was born - April 23. Two days later, followed by burial at the
altar of Holy Trinity Church on the outskirts of Stratford, in the
register of which about this recording was made.
11. Creative takeoff. Globus
In Shakespeare's lifetime his works were not collected.
Separately published poems, a collection of sonnets. Plays
originally appeared in the so-called "pirated editions" with a
broken text, for which in the form of rebuttal should, as a rule,
the publication, prepared by the author. The format of these
publications are known quarto (quarto). After the death of
Shakespeare, the efforts of his actor friends and Heminga Kondella
was prepared the first complete edition of his works include 36
plays, the so-called First Folio (The First Folio). Eighteen of
them had never been printed.
12. Chronicles
Shakespeare began to chronicle - a play about the events of
national history, the law which marked his short time. Key
Shakespearean chronicle form two series of four plays (tetralogy).
The first - "Henry VI (three parts) and "Richard III. Second -
"Richard II (1595), "Henry IV (two parts, 1596-1598) and "Henry V
(1599).
In the first tetralogy of chaos, confusion is a strong
historical identity, seeking to subdue the fate and time - Richard
III. The power can provide the throne, but it can not keep him, if
the sovereign violates the laws of morality and turns the story
into a political spectacle.
Theme of the second tetralogy - the formation of a national
state. Chronicle of Henry IV tells about the seizure of power by
King Henry IV, the founder of the dynasty of Lancaster, and the
youth of the future ideal of King Henry V. Under the supervision of
Sir John Falstaff in taverns and on the road goes through the
school life of Prince Henry. Prince draws strength from the earth,
with all that physically and financially, and that embodies
Falstaff, joker Time. Under the laughter of Falstaff from the scene
descends from its medieval knight's liberty, as embodied in the
form of Harry Gotspera, a rival prince. His ideal monarch
Shakespeare considers it necessary to hold a popular comic
background. However, in the finale, when the crowned prince,
Falstaff is banished, not because the laws of the state of nature
there is order. In their conflict - the source of Shakespeare's
tragedy.
