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(Cazeneuve) (. 1915). , *, * . : Sociologie de Marcel Mauss, Paris, 1968.- Dix grandes notions de la sociologie, Paris, 1976.La raison d'tre, Paris, 1981.. n.

, . "", . . , . , .. "", " "" .., , . ' . , , . 10

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". , , "" . : Corneille, , (1660), Lessing* (1767) Goethe*. : ) - , Lessing, . , ) . Batteux (1771). . Weil J. Bernays. ( ), . () (" "). (W.D. Ross, Ang. Rostogni, Max Pohlenz ..) . ( ) : (1) (.. 1339b .., 1341b ..) * , (596 - 605c). (2) , , . (3) , , ( common sense) , () ' ,.: F. Dirlmeier, Ktharsis pathematon, "Hermes" 75 (1940) . 81 ..- W. Schadewaidt, Furcht und Midieid?. "Hermes" 83 (1955), o. 129 .. ( - 'Hellas und Hesperien", 1960. o. 346 ..).. Flasher, Die medizinische Grundlage der Lehre von der Wirkung der Dichtung in griechischen Poetik, "Hermes" 84 (1956), o. 12 ..- M. Fuhrmann. Einleitung in die antik Dichtungs Theorie. 1973.-1. - . , , , . . , 1937.- .. , , , 1962.- .. , La catharsis des passions d'aprs ", , 1964, . 219-298). . Aristote, . , 1953 ( "

( " , , , , : officium). * , * . , () , , , (" ' , ", . . 7, 108). . ' / . * De finibus ( ) , , . , , (, ) . , , ( ) . , 11

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universalla. , . : 1 ) "" (realismus) " ", , * * (810-877) * (1033-1106). 2) "" "" (nominalismus), , . , ", (10501125) * (13001350). 3) " ", , . , * (1225-1274). Hegel* (1770-1831) " " "", , . Benedetto Crose* , " ", . , , , .. : Brhier La philosophie au Moyen Age. Paris, 1937.- .. , , 1994'.- Van Steenbergen F.. Histoire de la philosophie.

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(1784-1853). - 19 . , 18 , . , . . 1821, (Caird) . - . 1835 (1835-1908). , , , , - 1839 . , , , , *. , .. , 2 , 1889, - . " , *. * ", "" " " ". - , "" "". " ". , "- , , ". , , "" (- , " , ) " ". , - ", (The evolution of religion, 1893). - * " ": . , " " . - : Essays on Literature and Philosophy, 2 , 1892.- The Evolution of the Theology in the Greek Philosophers, 2 , 1904. , ,

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, , , . " ". , , " ", , , . . " " " , " ", " " . ", , " , , , " (, , 1849, . 14). : " , ' ' , " ( , . 6). , , , , , " , " , , " , ' , , ... " ( , , 1875, . '). , " ", " " " ", "". , , , ' , , , , , , . .

( . opportunus). ( ) , , . . .. .

, . . , . . . 17 18 , "" (gusto, taste, Geschmach) ' , . 18 , ,

14

. , , , , . , , , "" "". * (Dubos, Diderot*, D' Alembert*, Voltaire*, Montesquieu*), (Seftesbury*, Hutcheson*, Hume*, Gerard, Burke*, Reid', Blair) (Baumgarten*, Lessing*, Kant*, Sulzer, Herber*). , , , . . , , , , *. . "" "" . . "de gustibus et coloribus non est disputandum", , semper et ubique . 18 . . , , , , ..: R. W. Babcock, The Idea of Taste in the 18th century, PMLA, 1935, 922-926.- . N. Hooker, The Discussion of Taste from 1750 to 1770, and the New Trends in Literary Criticism, PMLA, 1934, 577-592.- W. J. Bale, From Classic to Romantic: Premises of Taste in Eighteenth Century England, 1946.- R. G. Salselin, Taste in 18th Century France, 1965.- M. C. Beardsley, . , 1989. . -

(Kalm): "", " ", " ". "" ", , ". : ) " - - " (" ") ) , " - ", " ", " - ", " ". , , , " ". , , , . " . . " : ) -

15

. ) , ) 9 * *, , ( ) , , , . . " " , "" (), *. , , ' . , . - (. 935), , - (. 956), . " ", () . - , . 10 11 . "" " ". , . . - (. 1013) (. 1085). , . - * (. 1111). . , , . 12 - 13 , . , , "" "". " 19 , (Abduh), Jaml al - Dn al - Alghn (. 1897). , , . Shaykh Mustaf Abd al - Rziq, 1945 , al - Azhar. , . , Moll Sadr (. 1640), 19 20 ..: . . Wolfson, The Philosophy of the Kalam (Cambridge, Mass., 1976).- Louis Gardet and G. Anawati, Introduction le thologie musulmane (1948, Paris, 1970).- G. Anawati, Kalim. "The Encyclopedia ol Religion-, ed. M. Eliade (1987), . 8, . 231-242. .

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. L'Institution chrtienne. 1536 , . 1538 , , 1541. , , , , * Idelette de Bure. . " " - . 1559 . , . , "", : 1) . 2) "" " " . 3) . , , . , , *..: Max Weber, , . . , . Gutenberg. . .

, : , , . : , , .. .

(1885-1964). . " " . , . , . , . . : (1958), (1923), ( 1958) .. : (1945), (1951), (1951) .. : , (1929), (1940), (1952) ... .

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(. 370 ..). , , . , *. *, , , 26 33. " " " " . , . : , ..: Ginzel F. K Handbuch der mathematischen und technischen Chronologie, . 2, . 409-419, 1911.- Farrigton B Greec Science. Penguin Books. Harmondsworth, England. 1944. . .

' , , . *, , , , , . : , "", . , , : ) ( ), ) ( ) ) ..: J. P. Migne. Patrologia Graeca, , 18571866, . 147,0. 833-941. .

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. (, , , ) ( , , , video, ), . , , , , , . (, ..) , "" " ". , , , , , , .

18

. , , , , , , , . (W. Morris), , , , , , , . , , Peirce*, , , Cassirer*, , . , " , , , . , , , , , , , , , . (*) (Hume*). Kant* , , , , . , "tertium quod", , , , . , "", . , , , , , . (: , , , , ) , , , , , . , , (, , , ). , , , , (Panofski). (Locke*), (Wittgenstein*). , *, - . * , "ancien rgime" , , , , . -

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( = = ). . , , . , , , . , . , . , , : " " (/., , 216). * . ', . " - " 5 - 4 .. . , . ' * " -

20

, . * . . , , ..: Egon Frieden, Kulturgeschichte Griechenlands. Schachermeyr F., Die Iruhe klassik der Griechen.- Frankel H.. Dichtung und Philosophie des frhen Griechentums, .

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. (226-650 ..) , ( ) , . , , , () - , , , *. "", uti minus bonum habet rationem mali, ita minus malum rationem boni (: , ), * (Discours de Mtaphysique, 1686, 3). *, , , "" . , , (, ), , , . * , , , , " ", . , "" (: ), , , , ..

. ,

21

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(Qabbalah). "". .

. . , , , .. G. Scholem , . , . , "", . 13 .. . . , . ' , . , , , , , ( ) . ( "", 13 .. ), * *. (Jesira), 7 .. , . : (1200), Azriel (1160-1238) Gerora, (Moses ben Nachman, 11491270) , Abraham Abulafia

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(1240-1291) Saragossa Samuel der Fromme Speyer (13 ), Tehuda der Fromme Regenbourg Eleasar Worms. "" (chassidim), Israel Baalschem 1750 . , , . Raimund Lullus (1232-1316) ..

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(Cabet tienne). , "" (1788-1856). 1830, 23

. , . 1834 " " , *, . 1789 7530(4 , 18391840), (1841) (Voyage en Icarie, 1842), . 1848 , , , , " , ..

(1947). , , . , * , . : ) : ( 1956), ( 1957), ) : (1954), ) : "" (1949,1954,1958), ) : (1944), (1945). 1957 ..

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. , . , , . , 8 . , , 26

(Kant, Immanuel). Koenigsberg (22 1724 - 12 1804), , , , , , . , Kant - - , , (Zergliederung) , (Sinnlichkeit), (Verstand) (Vernunft) ( ) , (transscendent) ( , - ) * ( ), Descartes* ( , cogito, ) Berkeley* ( , ), - (ratio cognoscendi) / (ratio essendi)-,

, , , , n . -""- , , , , " , , , - (Husserl*, Heidegger* ..), : (, ) (empirisch), ( ) (mglich) apriori (-) ( [erfahrung]), (Raum) (Zeit) , ' , (Verstandsbefriffe) (, , , , , , , , , , , ) , (Vernunfisbegriffe) " " (, , ) (Ding an Sin) , , , sine qua non , "" (transscendental). , , , , , , , - , - , ( - ) , , Gesetz, Praktisches Gesetz), (Wille) . , , , , ' (), , , (), , - - / - " " (ewige Friede). , " ", . , , Kant ' , , . , , , "" ( ) , (1746-1755), , -

27

( )- () Koenigsberg (1755). , Kant , , , 1740 , - , , - (, , , , ), , , Newton* Wolf*, , "" . 1746 1755, Kant, (1746), , , Meditationum quarundam de igne succinta delineatio ( ), (1755) Principiorum primorum cognitionis metaphysicae nova dilucidatio (1755) - - - 1770- . 1770 , Kant Koenigsberg ( , , Koenigsberg, 1766) 1781 1798 ( 1798 ), Leibniz Wolf Newton, , : Kritik der reinen Vernunft {1781), Prolegomena zu einer jeden knftigen Metaphysik, die als Wissenschaft wird auftreten knnen (1783), Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Siften (1785), Kritik der praktischen Vernunft (1788), Kritik der Urteilskraft (1790), Zum ewigen Frieden (1795) .. , , , (), (), - , 14 , -- , , , - - Collegium Fridericanum (1732-1740), . , , - : -

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(Kautsky) (16.10.1854, - 17.10.1938, ). (1845-1916). - . ' , . , (1874) - *, * . - , , - ( . 1.800 , ), , . . - , - (1897) . - , * . - . , - * . *, (. . . , , ..). (Cantor Moritz, 1829-1920). , . 29

" " ( , , *) " " (. , , , , , ). , ' 1917 "" ( ) . "", . " " (.. "" " ", "" "", *, "" ..). (. *), , . I. * (. "). : Der Einfluss der Volksvermehrung auf den Fortschritt der Gesellschaft: Untersucht, Wien, 1880.- Karl Marx konomische Lehren, 1887.Thomas More und seine Utopie, 1887.- Die sozialistische Revolution, 1902.- Der Weg zur Macht, 1909.- Die Diktatur des Proletariats, Wien, 1918.- : , [..].- (, ), , 1975.- , , 1985..: . I.. , . ..- . ., . , , 1982. .

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"" , , , .. , Marx () , , , , , . 5. (, , ), ( ) , ..: ., , . . 1991. ' , . 172.- Aran R., , . . . 1991.Marx K./Engels F., , MEW, . 37. . -

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- - , , . Ed. Spranger*, . Spranger ( ), , . * - ""- . * - *, (*) (Gadamer*, Ricoeur*). . . . , * , * , , . * .. .

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