ABSTRACT BOOK

ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHOLOGY & PSYCHIATRY FOR ADULTS & CHILDREN (A.P.P.A.C.)

12th International Conference Psychological Interventions and Neuropsychiatric Disorders in

Children, Adults and the Elderly

May 2nd 4th, 2007

The Athens Hilton Hotel

Athens, Hellas

SYMPOSIA - ROUND TABLES ALZHEIMER (1-7) 1. Alzheimer , . , Alzheimer 2005. . , , , . Alzheimer , , , , , , . 2. - , . lzheimer, . Alzheimer , , . , , . , . . . , . 3. , . , . . , , , , . Alzheimer 2005 289 , 118 171 . 6 . : MMSE, BME, FAQ, IADL. 2 . , . , , , , , , . .

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9) Reiseberg, Global Deterioration Scale GDS) . B. MH 1) (GDS-15). . 2) Hamilton (Rating Scale for Depression) , . 3) (Neuropsychiatric Inventory-NPI). . . 1) ( Instrumental Activity of Daily Living-I.A.D.L.) . , . 6. Alzheimer , . Alzheimer , Alheimer. . . , : , . 138. - , . - , .. , , , ... - . - - . - . - . - ( ). - . - . - - . . 7. , . , . (), , , , , , , . , . , .

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LECTURES Risperidone Treatment for Children with Developmental Disorders and ADHD EAPEN, V., GURURAJ, A.K. Faculty of Medicine, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates Background: Risperidone is a novel antipsychotic drug that has been tried in the treatment of several child psychiatric disorders. In an open clinical experience, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of risperidone in children with developmental disorder and behavioral problems including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Method: Twelve patients aged 4 to 14 years who had a developmental disorder and behavioral problems, in particular hyperactivity and aggression, were treated with risperidone for a period of six months to two years with the daily doses ranging from 1 to 3mg. Results: A positive clinical response was noted in nine out of the 12 patients as per the Clinical Global Impression Scale. Risperidone was well tolerated by all the 12 patients. The most commonly reported side effect was sedation necessitating dosage reduction in two patients, but not discontinuation. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that risperidone may be an effective and safe treatment for children and adolescents with developmental disorder and disruptive behaviors. A Moratorium on Silicofluoride Usage Will Save $Millions MASTERS, R.D. Prof. Emeritus and Research Prof. of Government Dartmouth College, Hanover, U.S. Scientific studies have shown that two unsuspected factors have a significant effect on rates of violent crime: first, pollution from lead and other heavy metals (due to effects on brain chemistry); second use of silicofluorides in water treatment (which epidemiological studies found are associated with higher absorption of lead from sources in the environment). As a concrete example of the costs to local taxpayers from these links between toxic chemicals and violent crime, this editorial contains statistics focused on a single county in Oregon. These figures, originally computed to show the error of mandatory state fluoridation, reveal the enormous benefits to taxpayers of a moratorium on the use of silicofluorides until they are proven to be safe. Lead, a toxin that lowers dopamine function, has been associated with violent behavior as well as learning deficits. Hydrofluosilicic acid and sodium silicofluoride, which were substituted for sodium fluoride without testing as chemicals for public water treatment, increase absorption of lead from the environment and are associated with violent behavior. Given the costs of incarcerating violent criminals, these side-effects justify a moratorium on using silicofluorides for water treatment until they are shown to be safe. Efforts at changing the Paradigm: Do Cognitive Factors matter for Racial Disparity of Obesity MYSLOBODSKY, M. M.D., D.Sc., Professor, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel The rapidly mounting rates of overweight in the Western World and enhanced rates of obesity in childhood reached the level defined as a pandemic. Its potential impact described by economists as externality is perceived through morbidity and the cost of health care that threatens to coalesce all overweight people into a permanent underclass of its own in terms of their self-esteem and health. An argument is made that individualized behavioral practices of handling obesity are inadequate to reverse its epidemic. The Batesons notion of envirotype was expanded to demonstrate the difficulties in the framework for tracing the cognitive profiles governing the regulation of eating behaviors (e.g., mother-child interaction, experience of ownership, reward deficiency and discounting, environmental hypersensitivity, self-torturer paradox, impulsivity, restraint deficits and others). An alternative model proposed to tackle obesity before it develops, is based on a populational level of decision-making and management. Its focus is on the contribution of developmental programming, family profiling and reducing family stressors, combating low birthweight and praecox sexual maturity. This focus does not ignore the necessity of traditional lifestyle amendments. The presentation will use ethnic disparity of obesity as a paradigm examining the

epistemological predicament inherent in the environmental lifestyle doctrine and explore the benefits and shortcomings of the medical model. Age as a risk factor of Trauma in the Greek Female Population ANTONOPOULOU, Ch. Psychologist, Sociologist, Professor, University of Athens The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of trauma among Greek women, ages 20-55. Twenty six Greek females completed the TSI (John Briere), MDI (John Pierce), and DAPS (John Briere) questionnaires. A one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was computed to determine whether age is a risk factor in the occurrence of trauma. Significant results were found for many items of each questionnaire, suggesting that the older a woman is the more likely she has experienced a traumatic event, and has been affected by it. For example, item #5 of the DAPS Someone threatening to injure you or to do something sexual to you against your will, although they didn't actually do anything to you, when you were afraid you would be hurt or killed? was found to be significant (F=4,82 p

CONCLUSIONS: All trainee participants seem to have attained an adequate acquisition of knowledge, managerial and responsibility skills. The system currently seems to function to a great degree as a supportive container (Bion, 1961, 1962) to all sorts of growth and dependency needs to use Bubers (1970) term. The evolutionary background of schizophrenia: A view from evolutionary developmental biology PLOEGER, A. Prof. of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands Schizophrenia is common and heritable, but also harmful. This leads to an evolutionary puzzle: why did natural selection not eliminate this disorder? Several evolutionary hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of schizophrenia. I will present a short overview of these explanations, and present an alternative view: the view from evolutionary developmental biology. Evolutionary developmental biologists do not only study the genetic basis of phenotypes, but also how developmental processes influence the phenotype. It is proposed that schizophrenia is not only the result of genetic mutations, but is also due to developmental processes that are easily destabilized. Low robustness of developmental processes is expected when processes are highly interactive and possess low effective modularity. I will present research from an evolutionary developmental perspective that provides evidence for this proposal. The lesbian man: rehearsing sex LAMBRINIDIS, Ch. Director, Creative Writing Center, Athens, Greece I am scared of amputation. of having it cut and put to sleep! KL, Rehearsing Sex. How do you record yourself within an alphabet of cruelty to narrate shifting positions of masculinity practiced inside a patriarchal culture that enrobes itself with depression and/or melancholia every time it needs to understand, accept, implement those shifts? If raised by the spectre of a dead father encapsulated in the soma of a living mother, how do you then articulate unspeakable own perceptions of the phallus as your private and never admitted lesbian body? Is growing madness an interpretation of dreams dis-remembered at the moment the stage becomes the visible cruelty of the m[other] self? How are you a man/mother in and out of your pre-linguistic space? I would like to discuss the case of two different men, with openly different sexualities as the soma undertakes the intricate relationships between the inscribed body and the voice heard by the actor of self. Psychotherapy in cross-cultural perspective KUMARASWAMY, . Prof. of Clinical Psychology, School Of Medical Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia Center for Clinical Psychology and Human Development, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Psychotherapy is a form of treatments that uses psychological methods. A trained person deliberately establishing a professional relationship with the patient, in order to remove, modify or retarding the existing symptoms to promote positive personality and growth. In spite of developments in the medical sciences, mental illness has still remained a cause of stigma in most of the Asian countries. People still stick to their traditional views based on their cultural background. By and large, awareness of causes and consequences of mental illness is lacking to a considerable extent in comparison to that of the western world. Most of the Asian countries (specifically in India , Malaysia and Brunei where I worked) the teaching is western model. Psychiatrist and Psychologist trained in these countries followed the western model and when they enter into profession, the societies belief culture comes in the way of treatment. Unless the therapist is fully aware of the Belief system existed in society, s/he could not be a successful therapist. Here, I would like to report my experiences as a clinical psychologist in India, Malaysia and Brunei quoting examples of patients seen for psychotherapy and highlighting why psychotherapy is not so successful in Asian countries.

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POSTER PRESENTATIONS

Working Memory Disturbances in Schizophrenic Patients and Their first-degree Healthy Relatives HINTZE, B. University of Special Education, Warsaw The aim of the study was the assess working memory dysfunctions, related to prefrontal cortex activity in schizophrenic patients and their first-degree relatives in relation to their usefulness as an potential endophenotypic markers of vulnerability to schizophrenia. Patients: The experimental groups: 1. The patients group consisted with 45 schizophrenic subjects (28 male and 17 female), aged 18-46 (mean 27 7 SD) years. The diagnosis was done using ICD-10 and DSM IV criteria. The evaluation of psychopathological symptoms and neuropsychological assessment was performed in partial remission of psychopathological symptoms (PANSS

Study of Early Experiences (attachment behavior) of Infants and the Consequences to the Social Learning Skills: the necessity of preventive measures SINANIDOU, . School and Clinical psychologist This study describes the influence of factors to the early experiences of infants ( attachment behavior), from the 480 developmental histories of children and theirs consequences to the social learning skills of children. The results indicated that the factor The level of developmental maturity in infant is the more frequently factor in the 100% of children and it follows the factor The mental health of parents in 37%, the factor Events of life in 28,7% , the factor Temperament-heredity in 25,8% and the factor Undesirable pregnancy in 19,1% of children. We emphasize to the necessity of preventive measures in order to diminish these factors, which have as consequences the difficulties of social learning skills of the children. Neoplasmatic Disease of the Parent and Behavioural Disorders of Adolescence: Clinical Observations and Therapeutic Interventions KARKANI, A, KOTTA, D., MILONA, D., KOUROS, J. Association of Psychology & Psychiatry for Adults & Children (APPAC) This paper studies and describes the coincidence of two crises in the family system. Thus of the parent suffering from neoplasmatic disease and puberty. We study the stages of the disease, beginning from the diagnosis up to the end yet, we focus mainly to the psychological condition of the patient so as of the rest of the family. This study perceives the parent suffering from cancer as a symptom, where entropy is expressed among the family members. The expression of entropy will lead the family dynamic to tremendous changes. The patient experiences contradictory feelings anger and fear, incapacity and despair. Yet dominant feeling is that of depression. At the same time, puberty as a developmental stage pushes the young person through dramatic changes and intense need to create his or her identity. While growing up the adolescent seeks and doubts the meaning of life and his existence by experiencing conflictual mood swings like fear and power, euphoria and melancholia. Thus the two crises in the family system coincide. The common point of the suffering parent and the young person is the depressive episodes. When the loss of the parent finally occurs the adolescent has to gain the bet and get out through bereavement unscathed and effectively. For this paper it is inevitable that all these procedures will happen in an organized therapeutic context either that of family, group, private sessions, so that he can keep up walking in life. ... 7 1999: . ., ., ., ., . 4 - : , , ... 7 1999, . : , , . - : , , ... 8-9-1999 ( ) 31-12-1999. ..., . : 267 ( ) , 128 , 73 , 57 , 56 , 24 , 22 , 11 . 60 , ( ) . : - , ... , , .

. , X., , E., , A., , E., , H., , A., , ., , ., , ., , ., , ., , . . . , . , - . , , . , - : , . , , , - - , , . , , , . . , , 2005 2006, 647 (427 , 65,79%), 4,79% (n=31) : , . 36,56% (n=11), . (6,56% ) . , , ( 10%), . ( , follow up, , ) ( , ). . . / , . A Prospective Study of Early Developmental Background and Childhood Cognitive Functioning Deficits Specific to Schizophreniform Disorder SINANIDOU, . School and Clinical psychologist Schizophrenia has been linked with cognitive functioning deteriorates during childhood in preschizophrnia individuals and whether non genetic etiologic factors (such as Obstetric complications and Maternal factors ) contribute to these deficits. To investigate the etiologic correlates of early developmental background(Obstetric complications and Maternal factors) and childhood cognitive functioning deficits specific to schizophreniform disorder. Childhood item sheets which give standardized information on Obstetric- complications and Maternal factors, risk factors and cognitive functioning deficits predict schizophrenia outcome in the year preceding assessment are completed for all attendees at the childrens special schools in Athens. We examined(n=322) item sheets data on individuals with early developmental background(Obstetric complications and Maternal factors) and childhood cognitive functioning deficits specific to schizphreniform disorder and a comparison of etiologic correlates and developmental course of childhood cognitive functioning deficits specific to schizophreniform disorder. Early developmental background(Obstetric complications and Maternal factors) contribute childhood cognitive functioning

deficits and behavioral deviance specific to schizophreniform disorder. Childhood early developmental background(Obstetric Complications and Maternal factors) and childhood cognitive functioning deficits precursors for mental illness in preadolescence and reflect specific psychiatric disturbance schizophreniform disorder to adulthood. . : , . 1 , , . 2, , .1 1 , / 2 : . : 15 18-65 , . . : . , , ( GAF) WHOQoL-100. . : . 80% GAF. 1/3 . : . . / . ., ., ., ., . 4 : ( ) . , , , , . : 8-9 31-12 1996 1999. - : ... 8-9-1999 ( ) 31-12-1999, , . , 1996 1999. : : 8-9 31-12 1996 1999, ,

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Biological Aspects of Aggression KOTTA, D. Family Therapist (EFTA), Work Consultant, APPAC This presentation is about aggression and more specifically about the biological aspects of aggression. Aggression can be defined as the act which intends to harm someone physically or psychologically. Aggressive behaviour may be a result of biological inheritance but the stimuli that people get from the environment and from learning are extremely important for the expression of this behaviour. After all, the impact of learning is highlighted when research involving behaviour is conducted. In the case of aggression, environment (and social learning) does not seem to be the only cause of its expression. Biology does play an important role. A number of studies try to pinpoint genes that may be responsible for aggressive behaviour. Also, it is found that there is a link between aggression and endocrine factors, testosterone and androgens. There is also a link between chromosomal abnormalities, biological characteristics and sex difference. Finally, aggression seems to be highly associated with the functions of the limbic system and the lateral hypothalamus, amygdale, serotonin and instincts. : . , .. . (N=296) , . 296 14 , : 1) 5,40%(=16), 2) 84,45%,(=250), 15,54% (=46), 3) 25,67% (=76) 4) 8,10%(=24), 5) - 100% (=296). . . ; . ., ., ., ., . 4 : ( ) . 7 1999. : , , . - : ... 8-9-1999 ( ) 31-12-1999., . : : 8-9 31-12 1996 1999

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Planning of Problem-Solving behavior & Hand Preference SINANIDOU, . School and Clinical psychologist Background: If it is admitted on the modest basis of the theory that non clinical left-handers include a proportion of left-handers potentially pathological one would predict that left-handers may differ in planning of problem-solving behavior performance from right-handers. If delay of maturation of the left hemisphere in left-handed individuals is associated with cerebral function due to a higher level of fetal testosterone one would predict that left-handed children may exhibit a different planning of problem-solving behavior ability pattern from their right-handed counterparts, left-handed females may be affected less than left-handed males due to lower rates of testosterone. Aims: The objective of the present study is to test these hypotheses concentrated on some aspects of planning of problem-solving behavior ability with left and right-handed children of kindergarten and school age. Method: Three hundred eleven children of school age, 133 of whom were left-handed and a number of whom were right-handed, have been examined in the present study using a test of planning of problem-solving behavior ability the Rey-Osterrieth - complex figure. The ANOVA- test was used as the main statistical method for analysis of the data. Results: The data analysis has indicated that (1) Main effect for left- and right-handed population F(6,78) =8,5 , p

Panic Attacks KOTTA, D. Family Therapist (EFTA), Work Consultant, APPAC The critical distinction between a common fear and a phobia is the degree to which it interferes with everyday life. When a person is suddenly put in a condition of fear (without usually knowing the stressor at first attacks), it is unbearable. And this fear can interfere with everyday life: a fear of heights may lead to avoidance of offices on top floors, roof restaurants or high-rise hotels, so this may interfere with work or leisure activities A panic attack is an intense burst of anxiety accompanied by marked physiological uproar and changes in bodily feelings: palpitations, sweating, tingling, chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, hot flashes or chills But the most unpleasant aspect of the panic attacks is the psychological one. After the attack, the person feels frightened, vulnerable, tired and starts loosing confidence in him/her self. The features of panic attacks are discussed in this study. What a panic attack is, the ways in which the body and the mind respond to the attack, which are the dimensions of panic. Finally, an attempt is made to find the possible causes and the therapeutic interventions (such as cognitive and behavioural restructuring) which can lead to the treatment of panic attacks. Visual-Spatial Organization and Hand Preference SINANIDOU, . School and Clinical psychologist The aim of this study is to examine and to correlate visualspatial organization of boys and girls left-handed and right handed aged 5 to 11 years. One hundred nintheen children of school age, 68 of whom were boys left-handed and a number of whom girls left-handed, and one hundred sixteen children of school age also,67 of whom were boys right-handed and a number of whom girls right-handed have been examined in the present study, using a test of visuo-motor and spatial organization ability measure, the Rey-Osterrieth - complex figure. Results of statistical evaluation revealed not significant differences in the visualspacial organization for left-handed and right-handed children, results of statistical evaluation revealed significant differences in the visualspacial organization for boys left-handed and girls left-handed, for boys left-handed and boys right-handed, for girls left-handed and girls right-handed across the various age groups. The data analysis has indicated that not statistically differences appeared between the two sexes,but statistically differences appeared between the two sexe at the age groups 5,5 to 6,5, 6,5 to 7,5 with boys left-handed showing better visualspatial abilities than girls. One different factor solution applies to the boys and girls population according to Students -t- test -method, with regard to visualspatial organization measures. at the ages groups 5,5 to 6,5, 6,5 to7,5. Statistically significant differences appeared between two sex at the range of age groups. The resultants are discussed in relation to (a) Human balanced polymorphism, theory advocated by Annett (mainly Annett, 1985, 1992a, 1993a), (b) potential pathology (mainly Bishop, 1984, 1990a;Coren & Halpern, 1991;Satz, Orsini, Saslow & Henry,1985),c) and theGBG, theory advocated by Geschwind, Behan& Galaburda, (1985a,1987a) In Service training . 1., .1, .2, .3, .2, .2 .... 4 1 : , , , , , , . : - , , in service training . - : 30 ( 15

) 9 . . : 9 79 15 ( tab ). 28 ( ). 8 ( 28,57%) , . 9 (15 ) 41, 11 3 ( 27,27%). : , . ) ) ) ( ...) ) , , , , , . Psychometrics Versus Culture KOTTA, D. Family Therapist (EFTA), Work Consultant, APPAC Globalisation of organisations has led multinational companies to try and find ways to carry out Human Resources practices on a worldwide scale. But, it is not so easy to distinguish between practices which are universal and those which are culture specific, thus there is variability in selection processes across nations. Psychometric tests measure personality and mental abilities, such as leadership, honesty, sociability, motivation, ability to cooperate, creative thinking, intelligence, linguistic ability, interests, goals and values. And it seems obvious that since psychometric tests can predict behaviour, when they are used in personnel selection process they are expected to be good indicators of the candidates abilities and personality, as well as the candidates potential performance. It can be argued that if selection practices vary across countries, this is explained by cultural differences and this can have an impact on the results of the candidates assessment during the selection process in a multinational firm. In support to this it was found that staffing strategies should differ by nation. Study of the Greek Demographic Chart of Psychic Disorders KARKANI, A., FOTOPOULOU, CH., VOURDOUBA, A., KOUROS, J. Association of Psychology & Psychiatry for Adults & Children The aims of the present study are : to examine the extent of psychiatric network in provinces and in smaller urban centers. b) to provided motivation to experts in order to expand and support the network . c) to provide information for therapeutic interventions. We investigated 60 cases, both from urban centers and provinces, randomly selected form those who contacted APPAC for diagnostic and therapeutic reasons. Patients were grouped by age (0-18, 19-35, over 36), sex and according to the ICD-9 diagnostic criteria. We hypothesized (based on McFarland et al-1998) that the greater percentage of people who addressed to APPAC: a) stem from large urban centers (based on Katakis Ch.,1998 b) were most commonly diagnosed as psychotic, depressive and neurotic, c) were aged over 36, hypotheses were verified, whereas the greatest percentage of incoming patients belong to the age cohort 19-35 (43%).