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TIDE4 . TIDE4 1 9 .

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PMWIN MODFLOW-88, MODFLOW-96, PMPATH, MT3D, MT3DMS, MOC3D, PEST, UCODE , .

QUAL2E QUAL2E 1985 U.S. EPA . 1 .

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QUAL2E-PLUS QUAL2E QUAL2E-PLUS Windows ()Websolus . , , 3 , 1 1 (Stedy state) (Dynamic state) . (Reach) 50 (element) 20 500 . (Junction element) 9, (Headwater element) 10, (Input element) (Withdrawl element) 50 .

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SWMM . . , , , , , , . Manning Kinematic Wave , . (SS), BOD, COD, , , , .

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WASP WASP(Water Quality Simulation Program) 1981 Di Toro U.S. EPA [Robert, B. A. Jr. , 1988]. , 1993 WASP5 .

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EPANET (US Environmental Protection Agency) , (EPS, Extended Period Simulation) , . , , , , , , . EPANET , , , . , .

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WaterCad Bentley , WaterHammer , WaterGEM . , .

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InfoWorks , , .

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MIKENET DHI(Danish Hydraulic Institute) , SQL , GIS , , , CAD . , , , SCADA , , , , , , , , , .

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QUAL2E

() , , , . , , , . , . . ( )QUAL2E , . , , , . .QUAL2E , . (Steady State Model) , (Dynamic, Unsteady State Model) , , .QUAL2E 1 .QUAL2E . , . 1 .

QUAL2E Parameter . . Parameter . .QUAL2E Patameter . , , . , .QUAL2E , . . , .

5 , , , , 3 .

3 x, y, z . x , y z .

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BOD . ( .) Streeter-Phelps BOD DO .

BOD (mg/L)(BOD ) (mg/L) (m) (m/day)BOD BOD . ( .)

BOD BOD( ) BOD . (Dissolved Oxygen)DO BOD DO DO , BOD DO . BOD . ( .)

DO DO (mg/L) DO (mg/L) (g/m2/day) (1/day)

9Fick .

Fick , / . , , . , ( ) Fick . 1 , 1 .

Fick .

J , D , dC/dx x . . , () . 2 .

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10 . (diffusion coefficient) . Arrhenius . . . , local system .

11 fick 2 . 2 ( dC/dt 0 ) .

fick 2 .J_B Fick 1 , D .

fick 2 . , 2 B . ( ) , , (2 0 ) , (2 0 ) .

12 BOX .dx, dy, dz .

BOX . x,y,z X,Y,Z dydz p dx . BOX . u=u(x,y,z,t), dt ,Newton 2 .

BOX .

13CSTR, Plug Flow, Dispersive Flow Reactor(1) (CSTR) . () C, . . .

CSTR, Plug Flow, Dispersive Flow Reactor , , .

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CSTR, Plug Flow, Dispersive Flow Reactor 1 .

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