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ТаджикистанТаджикистан

The chief expert of The chief expert of Management of ground Management of ground

transport of the Ministry of transport of the Ministry of transport of Republic of transport of Republic of

TajikistanTajikistanZiyoev B.A.Ziyoev B.A.

"Public transport and transport-"Public transport and transport-related emissions in the Republic of related emissions in the Republic of

Tajikistan"Tajikistan" (September, 26-27th, 2013, of Almaty)(September, 26-27th, 2013, of Almaty)

Automobile Park of the Republic Automobile Park of the Republic of Tajikistan in 2012of Tajikistan in 2012

Total in 2012. registered 382,198 units of Total in 2012. registered 382,198 units of cars.cars.  including:  including:

329016 passenger cars,329016 passenger cars,

36 345 trucks,36 345 trucks,

14187 units. Buses14187 units. Buses 2650 units. other types of vehicles.2650 units. other types of vehicles.

Emissions and their relationship by Emissions and their relationship by

type of road transporttype of road transport

58%12%

30%

0% 20% 40% 60%

oxide

carbon

lorries buses cars

52%

10%

38%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

hydrocarbon

lorries buses cars

62%

14%24%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

nitrogen oxides

lorries buses cars

The investment program to improve the The investment program to improve the

impact of transport on the environmentimpact of transport on the environment

ActivityActivity Source Source

finasirrovaniyafinasirrovaniya Volume of financing Volume of financing

million.$.million.$.

TotalTotal 2010-2010-20142014

2015-2015-20192019

2020-2020-20252025

Automobile transportAutomobile transport By enterprisesBy enterprises 26,026,0 10,310,3 11,011,0 4,74,7

Rail transportRail transportFunds of nterprises Funds of nterprises (50%) and borrowed (50%) and borrowed

unds (50)unds (50) 0,720,72 0.080.08 0,280,28 0,360,36

Air transportAir transport Funds of nterprises Funds of nterprises (50%) and borrowed (50%) and borrowed

unds (50)unds (50) 5,145,14 0,080,08 2,382,38 2,682,68

Car roadCar road Financing of Financing of the the Government of Government of RTRT

31,831,866

10,410,466

13,613,666

7,747,74

Low levels of environmental Low levels of environmental performance of the exploited in performance of the exploited in Dushanbe car park due to the Dushanbe car park due to the

following reasonsfollowing reasons:: 1. 1. The Overwhelming part of vehicles is certificated in The Overwhelming part of vehicles is certificated in conformity to requirements of Rules conformity to requirements of Rules ECE ECE the United Nations (№ the United Nations (№ 15-04, 83-0215-04, 83-02АА and 49-01), operated in the Europe up to 1992 and 49-01), operated in the Europe up to 1992 "oldest" (with the years more than 20 years), but rather significant "oldest" (with the years more than 20 years), but rather significant part of park (about 10 %) at all did not pass ecological certification part of park (about 10 %) at all did not pass ecological certification in modern understanding of this procedure.in modern understanding of this procedure.

2. Insufficiently qualitative maintenance service and repair of 2. Insufficiently qualitative maintenance service and repair of vehicles, shortage of the modern equipment and qualified vehicles, shortage of the modern equipment and qualified personnel.personnel.

3. The bad road and complex climatic conditions leading 3. The bad road and complex climatic conditions leading accelerated deterioration of units and units of cars and increase accelerated deterioration of units and units of cars and increase of emissions.of emissions.

4. In small amounts on the Tajik market cars with 4. In small amounts on the Tajik market cars with catalyticcatalytic neutralizers of the fulfilled gases (a level of Euro-1 and above) act. neutralizers of the fulfilled gases (a level of Euro-1 and above) act. However high ecological characteristics of these cars quickly However high ecological characteristics of these cars quickly enough worsen (or are lost) owing to absence of effective system enough worsen (or are lost) owing to absence of effective system of their control over operationof their control over operation

Measures to reduce emissions from Measures to reduce emissions from road transport in the city of road transport in the city of

DushanbeDushanbe .. It is organized items of the control and adjustment of automobile It is organized items of the control and adjustment of automobile engines on admissible toxicity and smokes.engines on admissible toxicity and smokes.

2. 2. The Enterprises of all patterns of ownership and to the The Enterprises of all patterns of ownership and to the private persons having motor transport: exclude operation of the private persons having motor transport: exclude operation of the cars mismatching normative structure of exhaust gases, cars mismatching normative structure of exhaust gases, according to requirement of standardsaccording to requirement of standards

- Sealing adjusting screws fuel pumps of diesel engines and the - Sealing adjusting screws fuel pumps of diesel engines and the screw "quality" of carburetors’ is provided.screw "quality" of carburetors’ is provided.

3. To the enterprises, the organizations, the establishments which 3. To the enterprises, the organizations, the establishments which are not having devices of the control, conclude contracts with the are not having devices of the control, conclude contracts with the specialized organizations on regular the control of the fulfilled specialized organizations on regular the control of the fulfilled gases of cars and adjustment of engines.gases of cars and adjustment of engines.

4. In summer period, especially in the large cities of Republic of 4. In summer period, especially in the large cities of Republic of Tajikistan, is spent target operation on decrease in toxicity of Tajikistan, is spent target operation on decrease in toxicity of poisoning gases.poisoning gases.

6. The control over quality of fuel at the gas station is carried out6. The control over quality of fuel at the gas station is carried out 7. Checkup of cars of private persons, the enterprises of all 7. Checkup of cars of private persons, the enterprises of all

patterns of ownership is spent after ecological inspection, results patterns of ownership is spent after ecological inspection, results which are reflected in the coupon of toxicity.which are reflected in the coupon of toxicity.

A low level of realization of prime measures on A low level of realization of prime measures on protection and rational use of water resources, protection and rational use of water resources, prevention of degradation of ground resources, prevention of degradation of ground resources, a biodiversity and pollution of atmospheric air;a biodiversity and pollution of atmospheric air;

Absence of system of industrial ecological Absence of system of industrial ecological monitoring;monitoring;

An insufficient level of the organization protect An insufficient level of the organization protect forests and fields works, weak attention to forests and fields works, weak attention to especially protected natural territories and especially protected natural territories and increase of a level of ecological knowledge. increase of a level of ecological knowledge.

Increase quantity of motor vehicles to Increase quantity of motor vehicles to inappropriate ecological requirements of EURO inappropriate ecological requirements of EURO 4 4

Problems of ecological stability of Problems of ecological stability of

an environment:an environment:

the Basic ways of prevention or reduction of negative the Basic ways of prevention or reduction of negative influence of transport by environments are such as:influence of transport by environments are such as:

Constant perfection of a design of vehicles, engines to Constant perfection of a design of vehicles, engines to them in view of use not traditional kinds of energy;them in view of use not traditional kinds of energy;

Perfection of structure of parks of a rolling stock;Perfection of structure of parks of a rolling stock; Primary development in cities Primary development in cities малотоксичныхмалотоксичных types of types of

transport (a high-speed tram, a trolley bus and city transport (a high-speed tram, a trolley bus and city railways of the facilitated type);railways of the facilitated type);

Application of ecologically pure kinds Application of ecologically pure kinds топливтоплив;; Expansion of use of city bus service;Expansion of use of city bus service; Perfection of a transport lay-out of cities;Perfection of a transport lay-out of cities; Optimization the organization of traffic;Optimization the organization of traffic; The constant control of a technical condition of auto-The constant control of a technical condition of auto-

mobile mobile vehiclesvehicles;; Use of modern ways and means at carrying out Use of modern ways and means at carrying out

Maintenance and repair Maintenance and repair automatic telephone exchange;automatic telephone exchange; Certification of auto-mobile Certification of auto-mobile vehiclesvehicles..

The main ways to prevent or reduce the The main ways to prevent or reduce the negative impact of transport on the negative impact of transport on the

environment are:environment are:

We provide the measures connected with reduction of We provide the measures connected with reduction of ecological policy in conformity with a social and economic ecological policy in conformity with a social and economic situation which has developed in the country, optimization of situation which has developed in the country, optimization of functions and strengthening of potential of the bodies functions and strengthening of potential of the bodies responsible for development and realization of ecological responsible for development and realization of ecological policy, and also strengthening of legislative base of ecological policy, and also strengthening of legislative base of ecological works, will be directed on carrying out works, will be directed on carrying out institutionalinstitutional reforms reforms and perfection of legislative base ». and perfection of legislative base ».

Also the account of the means stipulated for ecological Also the account of the means stipulated for ecological needs, including the investment projects connected with needs, including the investment projects connected with realization is adjusted.realization is adjusted.

Are measured to lower emissions of harmful substances in an Are measured to lower emissions of harmful substances in an atmosphere from stationary and mobile sources (motor atmosphere from stationary and mobile sources (motor transport, planes, a train, etc.) pollution on 4 %;transport, planes, a train, etc.) pollution on 4 %;

Ecological stabilityEcological stability

pass Shahristanpass Shahristan

pass Shahristanpass Shahristan

pass pass AnzobAnzob

Tunnel CormagzakTunnel Cormagzak

Tunnel OzodiTunnel Ozodi

TajikistanTajikistan

Душанбе

Куляб

Мургоб Кульм

а

Thanks for attention!