Хирургическое лечение регматогенных

отслоек сетчатки

П.В. Лыскин

Историческая справка

Витреоретинальное собрание 2013

Felix Platter

1583 - Understanding of the retina as photoreceptor

Felix Platter proposed that the lens was the looking glass of the eye and that the retina was the true photoreceptor.

Swiss physician, professor in Basel

1536 -1614

1604 - Kepler describes image on the retina

описал, каким образом изображение формируется на сетчатке

1571 - 1630

Johannes Kepler German mathematician, astronomer and astrologe

1850Herman von Helmholtz demonstrated the ophthalmoscope

German physician and physicist who made theories of vision, ideas on the visual perception of space, color vision research, In physics, work in electrodynamics, chemical thermodynamics, and on a mechanical foundation of thermodynamics. As a philosopher, he is known for his philosophy of science, ideas on the relation between the laws of perception and the laws of nature

Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz

1821 – 1894

Из современных русских ученых учениками его могут считаться физиологи Е. Адамюк, Н. Бакст, Ф. Заварыкин, И. Сеченов и др., из физиков П. Зилов, Р. Колли, А. Соколов, Н. Шиллер, и др.

in 1853, Coccius provided the first description of retinal breaks of the eye, and subsequently made the association to retinal detachment. In 1853 he devised an ophthalmoscope that was a modification of the device invented by Hermann von Helmholtz

He studied medicine in Leipzig, Prague and Paris, and earned his degree in 1848. Afterwards he became an assistant at the Leipzig Eye Clinic, becoming its director in 1867, a position he held until his death in 1890.

Ernst Adolf Coccius

1825 –1890

"Atlas of Ophthalmoscopy" by Richard Liebreich, published by J.A. Churchill, 3rd edition, English, London: 1885

Jules Gonin

Before the turn of the 20th century, eyes with a retinal detachment were considered doomed. Contrary to other branches of ophthalmology, such as cataract extraction, the surgical treatment of retinal detachment was still in its infancy, and the surgical success rates were less than five percent. From 1902 to 1921 Jules Gonin almost single handedly changed the landscape of retinal detachment surgery forever. He recognised that the retinal break was the cause - and not the consequence as it was largely believed at the time - of the retinal detachment, and that the treatment had at all costs to comprise the closure of the break by cauterisation. He named the procedure ignipuncture , as he cauterised the retina through the sclera with a very hot pointed instrument.

Despite rigorously detailed clinical observations and increasing success rates, his discovery was not readily accepted and sometimes openly opposed by a large part of the ophthalmic establishment. It was not until 1929 that he received worldwide acclaim at the International Ophthalmological Congress in Amsterdam for his surgical technique

1870-1935

1937 - Scleral buckle for retinal detachment

A. Jess, MD described scleral buckle for the treatment of retinal detachment

4 scleral depressor rings, each with a different size and shaped attachment connected to it. Designed by Bengt Rosengren, Professor of Ophthalmology in Gotberg, Sweden. These aid in the viewing of the peripheral retinal tears.

1912 – 2006 He attended medical school in Belgium

and was trained in mathematics and pharmacology. Soon after, he served as a

captain in the Belgian Air Force Medical Corps and later in the French and Belgian Resistance during World War II. He was captured twice by the German Gestapo,

but survived and eventually emigrated to the United States

After arriving in England, Dr. Schepen accepted a post as research scholar at

Moorfield Eye Hospital in London. It was there that he built the first binocular

indirect ophthalmoscope in 1945, which for the first time allowed surgeons a hands-free stereoscopic view of the

retina. The prototype of his design was crafted from scrap metal, glass and other bits of hardware that he scavenged from

the rubble at Moorfield following the German blitz

vitreous microscissors,

silicone scleral bucklingpioneered the open-sky vitrectomyof Retinopathy Prematurity

1967 FOUNDER THE RETINA SOCIETY2006 KNGHT OF THE FRENCH LEGION OF HONOR

Charles L. Schepens

1947 indirect binocular ophthalmoscope

Oleg Pomerantzeff, a biomedical engineer and physicist at the Schepens Eye Research Institute in Boston who developed several innovative optical instruments and devices, died last Thursday in Toulouse, France. He was 83 and lived in Brookline, Mass

During his 33 years at the institute, Dr. Pomerantzeff invented an indirect binocular ophthalmoscope, which advanced retinal surgery by providing a three-dimensional perspective within the eye

He also developed devices that provide a 180-degree image of the retina, a laser scanner that gives a high resolution video image of the interior of the eye, and a laser used to halt bleeding in retinal blood vessels

Oleg Pomerantzeff was born in St. Petersbourg, Russia in 1910. His father died in 1917 and the family fled by boat from Batumi to Constantinople in 1921

At the school, he became the lifelong friend of Dr. Charles L. Schepens. He received a grant to study civil engineering at the University of Louvain in Belgium. As a civil mining engineer he worked in Yugoslavia and was active in the resistance during World War II. After having been imprisoned by the gestapo, he could make it to the southern part of France where he continued working for the underground movement. Some time after the war he left France for Brazil. In 1962, upon invitation of Dr. Charles Schepens, he joined the Retina Foundation

OlegPomerantzeff1910 - 1993

Ernst Custodis 1898-1990

reported on the successful use of the segmented sclera buckle while Henricus J.M. Weve demonstrated the sclera stitch

Ernst Custodis (1898-1990) developed a technique whereby an episcleral polyvinyl cylinder was placed on the sclera and using compression sutures, the choroid was pushed against the retina. The indentation technique was born! Lindner resected the sclera to produce a similar compression. Charles Schepens brought us the use of a practical binocular indirect ophthalmoscope that allowed better viewing of the retina preoperatively and intraoperatively. Schepens brought us the equatorial band, which, over the years, has found a significant role in the surgical repair of retinal detachment. His role as the mentor of two generations of retinal specialists cannot be understated. Today's success rate in repairing detachments is 90% or better

1949 – advocated non-drainage segmental scleral buckling

1964 - Cryosurgery for retinal detachment

Drs. Harvey Lincoff and John McLean describe cryosurgery for the treatment of retinal detachment

Liquid nitrogen cryosurgical probe

Long metal sterilization tube consists of square platform, vertical tube and clamps for lid. Lid has thin square handle- cryoprobe screws into top for steriliztion. Donor file contains detailed description of instrument and numerous articles written between 1963 and 1969 about retinal detachment, intraocular lesions and ocular tumors

Meyer-Schwickerath developed photocoagulation in the 1950s

1920 - 1992

German ophthalmologist

Meyer-Schwickerath

1965 - Injection of silicone oil for retinal detachment

Cibis demonstrates the injection of silicone oil for the treatment of retinal detachment

1970 - First practical suction vitrectomy instrumentRobert Machemer, MD demonstrated the first

practical suction vitrectomy instrument for the treatment of retinal detachment.

Robert Machemer1933 - 2009

Pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous RD was augmented by three other innovations:

silicone oil by Paul Cibis in 1962

fluid-air exchange by Steven Charles in 1977

Ocutome Fragmatome and perfluorocarbon liquids by Stanley Chang in 1987

Hilton and Sanderson Grizzard introduced the third major category of modern retinal reattachment surgery, pneumatic retinopexy, in 1986

Спасибо за внимание