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Youmaydeceiveallthepeoplepartofthetime,andpartofthepeopleallthetime,butnotallthepeopleallthetime.
(AbrahamLincoln).
3
1. ,,!, , , , , , , , 70 , . , 6.000.000 (..). . ,, , . , ,,.,, . , ,,,.
2. ,,.., , . , , , ( :,,),.,. ., ,1,,,.
3. ! , ,, , : ( ) : 2. ,,,. 1,239.2.,1982,49,.2.
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,.,,Evian,1.
1 . Judaica VI 987, Evian Conference.
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,,649.
.6.,.7.,.10.,.20..30.aliya,.37.pogroms,.40.
6
6. , . . , aliya, , , , , 1897 . ,:Rothschild. , , . ,,1897.,,,,510 1.
7. Rothschild., Rothschild.
1.JudaicaIV998,Bilu.
7
.8. ,.,
, . ,. , , , , . , ., alutzim (. alutz), ereIsrael().
9. messiah. YehudahAlkalai,50Herzl. .AlkalaiHerzl1.,,,Alb.Kohen,,.18542.
Kalischer(.1874), . , ,:,,,., (= ), 3.
10.
Leo Pinsker, 1882 .,slogan: , , Kharkov 300 ,Bilu(:,.
1S.Sergeyev,Reactionarytheoriesofpoliticalzionism,Zionism:enemyofpeaceandsocial
progress,is.2,ProgressPubl.,Moscow1983,.9().2.,,..,1978,.164.3.,.149.
8
5)1.,1884,Katowice,HoveveZoin(=)2,.
Pinsker , PaulFreedman,,. , . ,,Israel.189346.,,,30,,,! 18 , Freedman, , , .3.
11. 1894,D.Wolffson,
4. , Dubnow, , :SHAHU (: ), 5. OttoWarburg (18591938) . 1894 Ezra oveveiZion6.
12. . Mozelle, , MazalTov (18501921), Sassoon,EliasD.Ezra(.1886),,: yeshivot ( , ),,,MazalomeaKnessetEliahu7.
13. , , , , . (.)(),,ere . 1Is.Epstein,rabbi,Judaism:ahistoricalpresentation,Penguin1959/1986,.308309.2.Zionism,IsraelPocketLibrary,Jerusalem1975,.17.3JudaicaVII193,FreedmanP.4,.52.5JudaicaVI257,Dubnow.6JudaicaXVI287,WarburgOttoibbatZion.7JudaicaVI1108,Ezra.
9
, . , ,,.,, . 1.
, , , .,,: 2. ,. .Herzl,,, : 3.
14. ,
, :,.
15. ., , , , , .,,ere,4. 1.22/3/1928,.5,.4.2.15/2/1928,.2,.3.3WalterLaquer,Ahistoryofzionism,Weidenfeld&NicolsonLondon1972,.95.4JudaicaXVI287,WarburgOtto.
10
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16. 1897(..=)(Basel). Rothschild 204 17 , Rothschild. , , .,,,1.
. AhadHaam*, 2.AhadHaam,3.
. . , . :,..,,,4.
17.
.,!Herzl, , ,..Herzlslogan, : , 5.
18. . , , , . 1IsraelJudaica(XII732):2.000,,
,.2Arberry,.36.3...,,(1927),.34.4.,7/3/1976.5.Ar.Hertzberg,Thezionistideaahistoricalanalysisandreader,GreenwoodPressPubl.,Westport,Conn.,
1970,227,229.
11
, 1. , , . , .,,.
19. Rothschild
, . . , 1895.,. , 1901, , (18761909),.
20. ,. ,.1915,, Joseph Trumpeldor2. , , 11 1917.Ed.Allenby,... . , .., Clayton. , .ClaytonMoouen,WatsonBols,.
.1/7/1920SirH.Samuel()..
1JudaicaXVI288,WarburgOtto.2.JudaicaXV1412,TrumpeldorJoseph.
12
21. . Balfour, 2 1917, . Balfour Rothscshild. ..,.,, : . ,,1.
22. .,,. , . : , , ,().,2.., ,3. .,,: , , , , 4. . , , , . , Herzl. :,.,,,,., 5.OttoWarburg GustavCohen Herzl6. goim: 1.1/8/1928,.14.2Inmemoriam,...,1974,.37.3.20/6/1928,..11.4.1/8/1928,.14,.1.5.6/6/1928,.,.10.6.JudaicaXVI287,WarburgOtto.
13
,,(;!),.,Herzl,1.,OttoWarburg,, . GustavCohen2. Herzl , 1900. ,,,.1920,.
23. , : JewishColonization association (= )3 Palestine landdevelopment company (= ) Jewishnational fund (= ). ,,4.
24. 1900100.0005005. Rothschild, Otto Warburg (. 1938), 6. , , yishuv. yishuv, (..)yishuv, . Warburg, ,190506,1.000.000 . Herzl, ElArish, Warburg. , , ,,,Herzl, , , .Warburg,
1.6/6/1928,.,.10.2JudaicaXVI286287,WarburgOtto...(287),WarburgLeoBaeck,
TelAviv,ereisrael,1938.3.JudaicaVII178181,ColonizationAssociation.4JudaicaXVI287,WarburgOtto.5JudaicaXVI287,WarburgOtto.6.
14
, Herzl, 1.
25. ,. , .,,, , ..Herzl,,(..),slogan:!2.,,,. . pogroms, , pogroms.
26. slogans,, , . Ben Gurion :!()3.. ,,,,galut(=).,, , . ,: ere israel, ,4.
27. , JosephTrumpeldor.,Rothschild,: 5. ,6. 1JudaicaXVI287,WarburgOtto.2AlexBein,TheodoreHerzl:abiography,TheJewishPubl.SocietyofAmerica,Philadelphia1945,246,272.3D.BenGurion,Memoirs,TheWorldPubl.Company,N.Y.1970,.107.4JudaicaXVI287,WarburgOtto.5.29/2/1928,.3.6.9/5/1928,.8,.2.
15
. Athlit,moshavah(,),.1903EdmonddeRothschild.OttoWarburg .AaronAaronsohn,alutz ()1.Warburg,.1921Rehovot,1925,2.,..,.
28. , , , , , 3.,: , , 4. shabras()., , . Religionisthesourceofjewishnationalism(= ). YehielMichaelPines,HoveveZion,, ,,,torah(talmud,)(,!)5.
29. 6.,Vl.ZeevJabotinsky,,Herzl,,,:
1.JudaicaIII821,AthlitXVI287,WarburgOtto.2.JudaicaXVI288,WarburgOtto.3.7.4M.Begin,Therevolt,.3.5ArthurHertzberg,Thezionistideaahistoricalanalysisandreader,GreenwoodPressPubl.,Westport,Conn.
1970,.414.615():
(1897).
16
;;;1.
30. , , .
..:AhadHaamVladimirJabotinsky, SamuelMohilever DavidWolffsohn, .,:, , . , , ,,,! , iyyonei Zion, . . Edward Norman , Joint DistributionCommitteeJewishAgencyExecutiveCouncil2.,!H.Lehman,,....
L.Marshall, ...3,.AmericanJewishCommittee! ,, , ; :,,:4.,HenryMorgenthau,,,. (, ) ,5.
31. ,. Americancouncil for ju
daism , , 1WalterLaquer,Ahistoryofzionism,Weidenfeld&Nicolson,London1972,.353.2JudaicaXII1216,NormanEdward.3.1/8/1928,.14,.3.4HalpernBen,Theideaofthejewishstate,HarvardUniversityPress1961,.198.5JohnBlum,RooseveltandMorgenthau,Boston1970,.518519.
17
, ...1. , ,., Agudat israel, Isaac Brener, 2.
32. , , ,3. , ,,,, . ,:Warburg,moshavSedehWarburgTrumankefar()H.TrumanNathanStraus,Netanyaah()Rothschild,,.
33. , , . , , . , , . . , .,DeHan,AgudatIsrael (1924), 4. : . . : . ,, 1D.Tschirgi,Thepoliticsofindecision,PraegerPubl.1983,.65.2Tschirgi,.65.3.Tschirgi,.46.4S.Sergeyev,Theorganisationalsystem,.66.
18
.,,DavidWolffsohn.
34. ,:Th.Herzl,Ot.Warburg(ZionistExecutive),D.Wolffson,Ed.Norman,Mor.deHirsch,Dreyfus ( Jules,, 191436, Union of jewish communities, Paul, O.R.T.),S.Bloom(.1949),ForeignAffairsCommittee.:Nath.Straus,1914,66, , 1 Pasteur . 2/3 2.C.Laemmle, UniversalStudios, 3. ,, :Weizmann,BenGurion,MenahemBegin,Jabotinsky,JosephTrumpeldor.
35. ,,,.. , , , ,, , .,,.
36. , , 4. J. Baruch, , 5. , .mesillahadashah6., , yiddish7. JewishColonisationAssociation, 1.15/2/1928,.2.2JudaicaXV430,StrausNathan.3.JudaicaX1355,LaemmleC..4.7/2/1938.5JudaicaIV1493,Bulgary.6JudaicaXV1412,TrumpeldorJ.7JudaicaII408,Agriculture.
19
MoritzdeHirsch,,2.000.0001!, Fer.Corcos. , , 2. . , ,Lucy(Lucifer!).Borchardt,1933, , , 3. , :,,,4.,:5.
37. , . , , . , , ,,...,, yiddis, , yeshivoth(),! , ...6.,,,,! , , , , , . ,(). , (..). 1S.Sergeyev,Theorganisationalsystemofinternationalzionism,Zionism:enemyofpeace
andsocialprogress,is3,Moscow1984,.48().2M. Linklater Is.Hilton N. Ascherson, The Fourth Reich: Klaus Barbie and the neofascist connection,
CoronetBooks1985,.58.3JudaicaIV1241,Borchardt,Lucy.4.25/4/1928,.7.5.14/3/1928,.4.6JudaicaXIV473,Russia.
20
.
38. ..,1897, , . , , . ,1.
39. :..,...,., , ,MosheBeilinson,2., , Z.H.Duenner(.1911),MosesHess3..,,.1935,,.
40. . . aliya ( ). ,. , TheodoreHerzl,Der Judenstaat. : ,4.:,.5!
41. ,.,,,. 1 ,
, rabbi Amemar: , (B.BabaBatra12a). ,,!,.
2JudaicaIV399,BeilinsonMoshe.3JudaicaVI261,DuennerZevi.4.SethTillman,TheU.S.intheMiddleEast,IndianaUniversityPress,Bloomington1982,.10.5Encyclop.UniversalisXIV1060b.
21
,:,,1.1897 , , , , , .
42. ., .,.1903,619057, 2. , ,Rothschild,Hirsch,3.,,,1939,.,,,,4.:LouisBrandeis,JewishCongress....drSolomonGoldman(.1953),...5,,,6.
43. : 20 , 10 , ..Roosevelt, . , , , 7. , 1JudaicaVI424,Education.2 Uganda Scheme ( ) 1903.
..3.Encyclop.Universalis,vol.14,col.1057,Zionisme.4JudaicaVII724,GoldmannNahum.5.JudaicaVII722,GoldmannSolomon.6.NewYorkTimes28/2/1939.7Tschirgi,.1719.
22
. Disraeli (. 1881), . , , .., 1.
44.
, , , .,,, . ,, . ..., .:
Mizrachi, Hadassah, PoaleiZion. , American zionistemergencycouncil(AZEC),....,, . Mizrachi, ( ), 2.Berihah (= ). , , 3. 4. :,,,,,....,,5. 200.000 shelihim, hishuv6. Merkaz la Golah. , , ,shelihim,, . , , , , 15.000, . shelihim,,LeviKopelevich,IsserBenZvi,Asher Ben Nathan, Ephraim Frank ..7. Haganah.
1.JudaicaXVI288,WarburgOtto.2S.Sergeyev,Theorganisationalsystem.65.3S.Wiesenthal,,..,1968,.111.4JudaicaIV630,Berihah.5.622,Berihah.6.630,622.7JudaicaIV630,Berihah.
23
1,.,,..ibbatZion (= ) , , , . , ., ., , TheodorHerzl, 2. oveveiZion (=).,SamuelMohilever. Comit des dlegations juives ( ), , 3. 1918. O.R.T.. , , , 4. Healutz. , , 101910, .1919 JosephTrumpeldor (.1920),,10.0005.Irgun Zevai Leummi, I.Z.L.. . MenahemBegin,, , ...., , . I.Z.L., Begin , , 6. Palma (. . pelugotmaaz,).Haganah,,,., , 7. . ballilas 8.Nili,
1J.Hurewitz,ThestruggleforPalestine,N.Y.1950,.4142.2JudaicaVIII463,ibbatZion.3.,1986,.7.4John,.236.5JudaicaXV1412,Trumpeldor.6JudaicaIV392,BeginMenahem.7JudaicaVIII759,History.8,.JudaicaVII182,LadsBrigade.
24
,1.Industrialremovaloffice: Hirsch,.AgudatIsrael. DeHan, 1924. O.S.E. (: ). , ......, 6 . . 1905, . PalestineOfficePalestinaamt,PalestineCommission,Palestine jewishcolonizationassociation.,:,,,,,,,, ,Warburg,,Ar.Ruppin, 19052. World Zionist Congress ( ),N.Goldmann,JewishagencyexecutiveWorldzionistorganization.
45.
,, . . High Commision for refugees fromGermany.1933 , ., , 3! CentralBritish Fund forGerman refugees. 1933 . goim4.T1936 World jewishcongress,.1938 , 5.VaadatEzrahvaHazzalah,, Gestapo, . ,., ,,OttoKomoly,RezsCasztnerJoelBrand.JewishBrigade(=). , ..,.: 1JudaicaIII822,Athlit.2.JudaicaXVI287,WarburgOtto.3.JudaicaIV622,Berihah.4JudaicaIV622,Berihah.5JudaicaIV1214,BrandJoel.
25
,,,,1., , . Americanjewish joint distribution committee ( J.D.C. , , Joint). ,2.Joint , FelixWarburg, . , ! , , Joint, , , . ,1950, 3. : Artists international association , (!),,...4.
46. ,.:NationalCommitteeforLabourIsrael,H.I.A.S.,Reliefand rescue committee, NICEM, WorkingGroup, Benei Binyamin association, Stern,Palestineofficesofthezionistorganization.
47. , , , Irgun evai Le ummi (I..L.), , 1931, . , .
48. , ,
, 5. , , , : , , , ,,,,.
49. JewishAgency (), . ,, 1JudaicaVIII,col.766767,..().2R.John,Jews,Justiceandjudaisme,Doubleday&Co.1969,.234.378,1985,.53.4JudaicaIV1063,BlackMisha.5,
JudaicaIV505509577581,BenGurionBenZvi.
26
. ,,, .,, , , Worldzionistorganization erez israel1. 1917, , , ,(H.Weizmann)2.19224 ,,:,. () ,..,3., . ,coterminus, .., 1922. , .. , ,,,, : , 4. . , club , Rothschild. , drH.Weizmann, !, ,Weizmann,,.,.,.(),,L.Marshall,.,.,,(), (), . ( ), . ( ), (,)5.,,,,! 1JudaicaX26,JewishAgency.2.21/8/1928,.15,.1.3JudaicaX26,JewishAgency.4JudaicaX26,JewishAgency.5.18/7/1928,.13,.1.
27
, , ., 100% , 1. . : 2! ,:,3.
50. , !,,,.1.000.0004. KerenHayessod(,).
.... , ,5.
51. ,,,
, .,.,,,. 6! , ,., !,W.Churchill, , , 7. 250.000 , , , M. Begin. 200 !,. 1.20/7/1929,.30,.1.2.18/7/1928,.13,.1.3.21/8/1928,.15,.3.4.15/5/1929,.26.5JudaicaIV508,BenGurion.6JudaicaVIII759,History.7W.Churchill,,.,.1,.,.186.
28
52. .
,, , . .
53. , Biltmore ( ). 611 1940, .... Biltmore Program(me). ,ChemWeizmann()DavidbenGurion(,JewishAgencyExecutive). , :Nahum Goldmann, L.Marshall, L.Brandeis,,,,B.Joseph,BibasJudah,Hirsch,BaruchJoseph,MosesHess,Z.Duenner., Rothschild, 1. ..,:,2,1940,,8.Program(me), ,1942,19483.,, 4. 1940.:Biltmore,,5. 1.N.Goldmann,TheautobiographyofNahumGoldmann,Holt,RisehartandWinston,N.Y.1969,.200.2.JudaicaIV997,BiltmoreProgramme.3.998.4JudaicaVIII769,History.57/7/1942.
29
54. MProject.BiltmoreProgram(me)...Roosevelt.,, dr Isaiah Bowman, . : ...,1.
55. ,,, 2. , , Haganah I.Z.L. Lehi,Berihah, Berihah,1947,I.Z.L.3.
1.Tschirgi,.91.2JudaicaVIII742,History.3JudaicaIV632,Berihah.
30
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56. , ( ), ( ). ,, . : ( ) (,,,,)(,, , 5.000 ). .,.:,,, 1. :,, , , ,meshulla (,..,,..).
57. , , , . : (), () ...Rothschids , , : ,,, ,2.000 2. , ,HoveveZion,5.000.0003.
58. . ( Sir.), (),11.000, 1 W.Churchill,AHistoryoftheenglishspeakingpeoples,11thed.I,p.228.2.1/2/1928,.1.3S.Sergeyev,Theorganisationalsystem.48.
31
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59. ,
alukkah, , 1897. kolel ( .. erez israel). ,..,:KerenHayessod()KerenKayemet().
60. KerenHayessod, 1922. , : , 3. 4, . 1928 6.000.000,5.,, 6. ,,!7.,50.0008: 100.000 KerenHayessod9 ,120.000 KerenHayessod, 10.,, , ,,KerenHayessod11.,, 1.1/2/1928,.1.2.15/2/1928,.2.3.29/2/1928,.3,.4.4.20/6/1928,.11,.130/4/1929,.25,.1.5.15/2/1928,.2,.3.6.1/2/1928,.1,.3.7.29/2/1928,.3,.4.8.1/2/1928,.1,.3.9.29/2/1928,.3.10.29/2/1928,.3,6/6/1928,.10.11.6/6/1928,.10,.2.
32
.,.,:20.0001.
61. ,KerenKayemet,
,:KerenKayemet,!2!!3.:,,! , Rothschild , (Va adLeummi ..erezisrael,),KerenKayemet,.,1914,,.,,:,, 300.000 4 Weizmann ... 7.500.0005.
62. ,, . 6, (The jewish colonial trust Juedische colonialBank), eretz 7. , , ... : , , KerenKayemet8.
63. :
20.0009.:1928200.000,5010. 1.30/4/1929,.25,.3.2.1/2/1928,.1,.3.3.15/2/1928,.2.4.14/3/1928,.4,.1.5.14/3/1928,.4,.2.6.29/2/1928,.3.7JewishEnc.VII179.8.6/6/1928,.10,.2.9.15/2/1928,.2,.3.10.13/9/1928,.17,.3.
33
64. .,,ORTIKA1, . Keren : Hayessod Kayemet2. , ,800.0001.000.000.,,9001.0003.1.000,!
65. 1928,,,,.kerenkayessodkerenkayemet..,1.000.000,,,4.
66. ...,,..,25(tzedakah)5.,,,..., ,190139, 22.000.000.193947200.000.000. 193947 600.000.000 . goim, . 194876 2.830.000.000 .6. .
67. , , : ( ) , , ,7., . . 1JudaicaII408,Agriculture.2.,.1937,.12.,
.,..,1969,.89.3.26/9/1928,.18.4.15/5/1929,.26.5John,.252.6Sergeyev,Theorganisationalsystem,.51.7NewPalestine,July7,1939,Tschirgi,.20.
34
,,., , ,1.,:1929,3%1939,2%1%2. , ,..., Judaica,goim , (), ,3.,,,,.
68. ,L.Brandeis,,,(zionistmovement),..,,,., ChaimWeizmann 1921, 4.HaroldIckes, Roosevelt, . ...,, 5. ,MosheShertokEl.GolombHaganah.,,Roosevelt, CohenBenjamin, F.Frankfurter, StephenWise.
69. ,,, : ,,18116.8206.
70. ,, . , 1S.Sergeyev,Theorganisationalsystem.48.2Tschirgi,.277,.24.3JudaicaVIII757769,History.4Tschirgi,.21.5NewYorkTimes,Dec.19,1938,Tschirgi,.20.6.6/1/1929,,.24.
35
goim, ,,: , 1. , goim. AppelunipourlaPalestine,goim.,, , . , goim . 7.000.000 , 2! Men ofTrees . men, hobby , , 3! , , , , 100.000 4! , Sir,,:100.000,, 5! ,, , 6. , , . 1876, . , .7
71. ... ., . ... American Palestine Committee (A.P.C.), ( , , , !). ,Em.Neuman.A.P.C..,,75, aliya,,,El.Roosevelt,, 1.9/5/1928,.8,.4.2.15/2/1928,.2,.3.3.20/7/1929,.30.4.14/12/1928,.23.5.,,1923,.3,.8.6.15/2/1928,.2,.2.7.14/12/1928,.23.
36
1. Elena. Newman, , , Christian council on Palestine. 2.
72. goim
,, : JewishColonialTrust (2.000.000)PalestineEconomicCorporation. L.Marshall, AmericanJewishCommittee3. (ZionistOrganization ofAmerica Z.O.A.). ,, .
73. .,,! 4, .
74. Bnai Brith, . 1945 , , . , , .1948,,,,,AmericanChristianPalestineCommittee5.
1JudaicaXVI865,YouthAliyah.2JudaicaXVI865,YouthAliyah.3.M.Urofsky,AmericanzionismfromHerzltotheholocaust,AnchorPress/Doubleday,GardenCity,N.Y.
1975,.323.4.14/3/1928,.4.5.Tschirgi,.4749.
37
aliya.75.
,.,,,:/1..
76. aliya ,kiddushhashem2.,,. aliya, , ..:. . 1901, ,,,HirschIndustrialRemovalOffice.,, , .,,(removal).,BnaiBrithHirsch, , , ,...3.
77. aliya,,.,. , , ,,..,.
78. ,,1917,
20.000,.,
1.12/10/1928,.19,.3.2kiddushhashem,,
. , ,!
3JudaicaIV114546,BnaiBrith.
38
EtzHahaim, 1 , . ,,. 1928, , .6.000,2., , , , 1932, 11.000. , , , .
79. ,,,!:., 3. , .
80. ,1903,,1904.Herzl,VyacheslavPlehve,, , 4.Plehve,,,.!,,E.Sazanov,! 20.000. 1.Sefunot15,197181,.11,Abr.Amarillio.2.20/6/1928,.11,.1.3 , pogroms ,
.pogroms,,. . pogroms , ., , , . , ,,. ,,(.,.153),.10.000,,,,,..
4JudaicaXIII644,Plehve.
39
, , ,,. , 1890, , , , , 1. . , S.Petlyura (18791926), , , , , , , Vl. Zeev Zabotinsky, ,,2.., , . , . , , 1.000.0003..,,,:,HerschlGrynszpan, 9 1938, , Ernst vonRath. , 4! , Gestapo, .30.000,,,5.
1Sergeyev,.7.2Sergeyev,Theorganisational,.54.3Sergeyev,Theorganisational,.54.4D.Williamson,TheThirdReichSeminarStudiesinHistory,Longman1982/1986,.40.5J.Billig,dr,ThelaunchingoftheFinalSolution,TheB.K.F.1978,.29.
40
pogroms.81. pogrom, ,
.,,,pogromgoim.,,, , ,, : , , , , . pogroms . Rothschild : , , . pogroms, , ,18841921.,,1881,1884,1903,1906,191719211.,,(!!).,,, , . , : 1881, 1882, 1883.,, , 131881. NarodnayaVolya, , 1861 ( ),. 1883. pogromRostovYekaterinoslav.2., , , Nizhni Novgorod., , 3. , , ...,1891924.
82. ,... ,19055.,, , ... . Rothschild 20.000 , pogrom 1JudaicaXIII694,695,Pogroms.2JudaicaXIII696,Pogroms.3...Gorki.4JudaicaXIII697,Pogroms.5JudaicaXIII697,Pogroms.
41
. , , , . , : BlackHundreds., , , Union ofRussian People, DoubleheadedEagleSociety(!), BlackHundreds. pogroms1. pogroms Bessarabets,P.Krusevan(Kishinev,1903)2.,,pogroms,,goim.(selfdefence), . Bund3.
83. pogroms,.,,pogroms.pogrom1.500 , :pogrom45.1.5004.
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42
. , , jewishmilitia forwaragainstpogroms ., , 1.
86. pogroms 191721, , .:,,2.
, pogroms ;.,HayyimHisin,pogroms1881,:pogroms(1881) 3.,pogroms,,(),4.
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Proskurov(15/2/1919),1.700,,600 5. ataman ( )Grigoryev 6.000 40 , 1919., , Trostyanets, 1919, 400.,,1.500.4.000 , Tetiev, 6. , , pogroms, ,,. : 887 pogroms 349,60.0007.
88. pogroms . atamans, . . Atamans :Angell,Kazakov,Kozyr Zyrko, Struk,Volynets,Zeleny,Tutunik Shepel8. , 1JudaicaXIII700701,Pogroms.2JudaicaXIII701,Pogroms.3JudaicaIV998,Bilu.4JudaicaXIII700,Pogroms.5JudaicaXIII699,Pogroms.6JudaicaXIII700,Pogroms.7JudaicaXIII701,Pogroms.8JudaicaXIII699,Pogroms.
43
., , . .atamanGrigoryev,1919 , , pogroms 40 6.000 (!) , 1919. ataman, Makhno, . Makhno ..! 1. ,Grigoryev,,,, 6.000 (, ! ). ataman,Makhno,Grigoryev., , . , pogroms,.
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.,, . , !
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