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ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
NUCLEAR ANDRADIATION SAFETY AGENCY
(STATE REGULATORY AUTHORITY IN THE FIELD OF ENSURING RADIATION SAFETY)
ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF
TAJIKISTAN
NUCLEAR AND RADIATION SAFETY AGENCY
«Nuclear and radiation safety agency is state
regulatory authority on ensuring radiation safety and security
under Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan,
hereinafter referred to as regulatory authority, which carries
out single state policy…»
(Law of the Republic of Tajikistan
«On radiation safety», article 6)
LLC «ART-GUNN»
Dushanbe - 2013
2
The Nuclear and Radiation Safety Agency (State
Regulatory Authority) under the Academy of Sciences of the
Republic of Tajikistan. Dushanbe: LLC “ART GUNN”, 2013,
52 p.
Nuclear and Radiation Safety Agency (State Regulatory
Authority) under the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of
Tajikistan (NRSA) is a complex research and regulatory
institution, the main activity directions of which is carrying out
the state policy in the field of radiation safety and environmental
radiation monitoring of Tajikistan.
Physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, geology and other
experts and specialists are successfully working in the Nuclear
and Radiation Safety Agency (State Regulatory Authority) under
the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan.
Compilers: PhD in mathematics and physics: J.A.Salomov,
PhD in mathematics and physics: H.Nasrulloev, PhD in
engineering: I.U.Mirsaidov, PhD in engineering: B.B.Barotov,
PhD in chemical sciences: M.Z.Akhmedov, PhD in chemical
sciences: N.U.Khakimova.
Responsible Editor – Academician,
Academy of Sciences of the Republic of
Tajikistan, Professor,
Doctor in Chemistry Sciences, U.M.Mirsaidov
Computer-aided makeup: Е.Y.Маlysheva
© NRSA AS RT, 2013
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1. RADIATION AND RADIATION SAFETY
(short historical excursus) Radiation is an emission which is derived from some kind of
matter. In 1895, physicist V. Roentgen (1845-1923) discovered rays which afterwards were known as X-rays. The first Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to V. Roentgen for X-rays discovery. For the first time, X-ray diagnosis was applied in the late of 19th century.
X-rays are indistinguishable from -radiation by its impact on live tissue. A review was published already in 1897 where 69 cases were mentioned as result of X-rays irradiation.
Shortly after X-rays discovery, the French physicist Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity phenomenon (1896). He had shown that uranium salt is emitted rays of unknown type which are different from X-rays.
Becquerel’s discovered rays became known as radioactive, and their emission phenomenon was called as radioactivity.
In 1934 at Radium Institute laboratory of Paris, Frederic Joliot-Curie (1900-1958) and his wife, Irene Joliot-Curie (1897-1956) discovered artificial radioactivity, nuclear reactions products radioactivity, which afterwards became especially important. From total number of (~ 2000) known radionuclides, only about 300 are natural and others are produced in result of nuclear reactions.
Three primary radionuclides - 238
U, 235
U and 232
Th - are the ancestors of natural radioactive series. Figure 1 shows the main scheme of
238U decay.
Principal Decay SchemePrincipal Decay Scheme
of Uraniumof Uranium--238238
234Th
24.1 d
234Pa
6.6 h
226Ra
1620 y
230Th
8 104 y
234U
2.5 105 y
210Bi
5.01 d
210Po
138.4 d206Pb
238U
4.5 109 y
Figure 1. Main scheme of 238
U decay.
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Radionuclides in atmosphere are of great interest. The
radionuclide’s content in atmosphere is very variable and mainly
depends on meteorological conditions.
Radon and its decay products have particular importance in
environmental radioactivity process. Radon-222 with 3.82 days
half-life period is meant while talking about radon. 222
Rn decay products scheme is shown on Figure 2.
Atomic structure, elementary particles, chemical elements,
isotopes, ionization are described in numerous textbooks in detail.
We described below briefly the radioactivity and types of
ionizing radiation.
The most important radioactive substances’ indicator is its
half-life - the required time for half nucleus decay. The
radioactive elements’ half-life is varied from several
microseconds till several billions years. For example half life of 131
I = 8 days, 137
Cs = 30 years, 60
Co = 5.3 years, 238
U=4, 5 billion
years.
As known, radioactive nucleus are emitting basically three
types of ionizing radiation: - -, β-and - .
Figure.2. Rn-222 decay products.
5
Alpha-particles react with but due-to their large size and
electric charge are losing more energy. Alpha-particles easily
brought into stop by substance. In the air, they run few
centimeters. Just a paper can stop -particles emitted by
radioactive nucleus. β-particles penetrability is much greater than
-particles (several meters in air). β-particles mass is 7000 times
smaller than -particles mass. -radiation has a significant
penetrability (average run of -radiation in air approximately 100
meters) and presents the basic danger as external exposure source.
Also there is a neutron radiation, which consists of particles not
bearing electrical charge and come into existence in nuclear
reactions. Depending on energy, neutrons are divided into:
Fast neutrons 20 MeV – 200 KeV;
Intermediate neutrons 200 KeV – 0,5 eV;
Thermal neutrons 0,5 eV – 0.01 eV
Average run of thermal neutrons in the air is approximately
10-20 meters and fast neutrons run in the air are approximately
110-130 m.
Activity shows how many nucleuses are decayed per unit of
time. Unit of activity is Becquerel –Bq, absorbed dose (Gray, Gr),
equivalent dose (Sievert–Sv).
1 Bq = 1 decay/second.
1 Cu = 3,7•1010 Bq.
The absorbed dose is one of the basic dosimetric values which are
equal to ratio of average energy, transferred to substance by
ionizing radiation in elementary volume, to substance’s mass in
this volume. – Energy which is absorbed by body or object.
Absorbed dose’s unit is Gray, Gr. 1 Gr = 1 Joule/kg. 1 Gr = 100
rad.
Equivalent dose is one of the basic dosimetric values in the field
of radiation safety and expresses absorbed radiation dose’s
product on average coefficient of ionizing radiation quality in
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present element’s volume of biological tissue. Equivalent dose’s
unit is Sievert (Sv). 1 Sv is a huge dose. In practice, thousands-
miliSieverts (mSv) and million fractions microSievert (microSv)
are usually used.
Below are some important dates related to radiation:
1895 – V. Roentgen discovers X-rays;
1896 – Becquerel discovers natural radioactivity;
1898 – Maria and Pierre Curie are separating radioactive element
– radium;
1928 – International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP)
is established in Stockholm;
1942 – First nuclear reactor is constructed in USA;
1945 – Atomic Bomb is released to Hiroshima and Nagasaki;
1954 – First soviet nuclear reactor is constructed in Obninsk;
1979 – Accident on NPP TMI, Harrisburg, USA;
1986 – Accident on Chernobyl NPP (Soviet Union).
2011– Accident on NPP Fukushima, Japan
2. RADIATION SAFETY ESTABLISHMENT IN
TAJIKISTAN
The Government of the Republic of Tajikistan approved
Governmental Decree № 338 from 04.08.1999 “About
Commission formation on interaction with IAEA” with the
purpose of the following issues solution:
Becoming a member of International Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA);
Signing Agreement on the Application of Safeguards under
the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons;
Nuclear free zone treaty in Central Asia region.
Academician U.Mirsaidov was assigned as chairman of this
commission.
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Commission was given an order to prepare justified proposals for interaction with IAEA and to become a member of this organization in the shortest time.
Commission’s scientific secretary was A.A.Juraev who performed the big volume of preparatory works in order Tajikistan could become the member of IAEA.
Commission’s meetings took place every quarter. Commission’s members were heads of many related ministries and authorities interested in the works related to protection against radiation.
Commission’s members expressed expediency and necessity for the country to become a member of IAEA. Specific attention was given to join the IAEA Technical Cooperation program.
IAEA missions visited Tajikistan several times by Commission’s invitation with the purpose of radiation situation familiarization in republic.
The basic assistance for regulatory authority establishment was rendered by IAEA experts: M.Sohrabi, Z.Proza, M.Kurylchyk, J.Sabol, L.Rozdyalouskaya.
Experts emphasized that the basic elements of national infrastructure are: legislation and regulatory system with regulatory body authorized to carry out licensing and inspection of regulatory activities, ensure legislation and regulations development and compliance to them.
Commission prepared necessary documentation for the Republic of Tajikistan to become member of IAEA. Majlisi namoyandagon (Parliament) ratified IAEA statute by its Decree №359 from 26.06.2001
Tajikistan became IAEA member starting 1 November 2001 and an urgent necessity came into existence to establish body on science and regulation in the field of radiation safety.
Governmental Decree of the RT №3594 (16.1-2) from 18 September 2002, initially, established Agency on atomic energy under the Presidium of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan (AS RT) and, later, Nuclear and radiation safety agency
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(NRSA) AS RT as structural institution of AS RT was established by Decree of Presidium of AS RT №112 from 25.12.2002.
The basic activity directions of NRSA AS RT in parallel with its regulatory activities were:
Scientific investigations in the field of nuclear and radiation safety
Environmental monitoring Complex reprocessing of uranium ores and waste
Intensive investigations on reprocessing of uranium ore and waste as well as in the field of radiation safety are carried out starting from 2003. The first NRSA’s activities were initiated by U.Mirsaidov, A.А.Juraev, J.Salomov, M.Khikmatov, K.Nazarov and etc.
It was necessary to establish legislative basis in the field of radiation safety once IAEA statute was ratified and Tajikistan became member of IAEA.
Parliament of the country on 26.06.2003 approved RT Law №488 “On radiation safety”. Mentioned law defines regulatory relationships related to ensuring radiation safety, protection of life, health, property and environment against harmful impact of ionizing radiation. Law describes in details regulations in the field of radiation safety ensuring (RS), RS ensuring during emergencies, rights and obligations of citizens and public unions in the field of RS ensuring, responsibility for non-compliance with requirement on RS ensuring and etc.
Besides, Parliament of the country by its Decree №219 from 10.11.2004 approved Law “About use of atomic energy”. This law defines legal basis and regulation principles on public relationships related to atomic energy use, ensuring regime of nuclear weapon non-proliferation, nuclear and radiation safety. Law also facilitates to atomic science and technology development, strengthening international security regime of atomic energy use.
In November 2004, Parliament of the Republic of Tajikistan ratified Safeguards Agreement and Additional Protocol earlier signed by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan.
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The important milestone in legal acts developments is RT Governmental Decree №482 from 03.12.2004 “Regulation on state control in the field of radiation safety ensuring” and RT Governmental Decree №471 from 02.12.2005 “On approving regulation on Inter-agency council on ensuring radiation safety”.
In accordance with the RT Law “On radiation safety”, NRSA AS RT is State regulatory authority, which carries out single state policy and coordinates activity of other authorized bodies.
In accordance with indicated law, NRSA AS RT: - carries out different activities licensing related to use
of radioactive substances; - approves regulations and guidance related to
radiation safety, physical protection, emergency preparedness and response, account for and control of nuclear materials and sources of ionizing radiation (SIR);
- carries out inspection over compliance with regulations and guidance on radiation safety and license conditions;
- determines qualified requirements to employees occupied on sites with use of SIR and others.
Currently NRSA AS RT is the main national infrastructure regulating and inspecting activity related to use of radioactive substances and facilitating to peaceful use of atomic energy for the benefit of population.
3. STRUCTURE OF NRSA AS RT
NRSA AS RT is national coordinator for IAEA. National Liaison Officer’s duties includes: all stages coordination of Country Program Framework, dialogues and information exchange with partners on regional and national projects, ensuring submission of national projects to IAEA, national and regional projects management, identifying priorities for submitted projects, rendering systematic assistance during national projects implementation and others.
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DIRECTOR
Mirsaidov U, doctor in chemical sciences, professor, AS RT academician is director of NRSA AS RT.
Carries out overall management of the Agency, he is national liaison officer to IAEA. He is also Agency’s scientific supervisor on «Study of manufacturing basis for reprocessing of uranium ores and uranium industry’s waste».
DEPUTY DIRECTOR ON SCIENTIFIC ISSUES.
Salomov J.A., PhD in physical and mathematical sciences, associate professor is deputy director on scientific issues. He supervises issues related to scientific works fulfillment, carries out coordination works with ministries and authorities. He carries out introduction of Agency’s elaborations and supervises contractual works. He is responsible for safety measures and procedures in the Agency.
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DEPUTY DIRECTOR ON GENERAL ISSUES
Barotov M.A., PhD in technical sciences is deputy
director on general issues. He supervises issues related to
procurement and all technical services provided by the Agency.
He carries out control over buildings’ and equipment repair
implementation. He compiles contracts on ensuring electricity,
water supply, engineer system maintenance as well as technical
services.
SCIENTIFIC SECRETARY
Nasrulloev Kh., PhD in physical and mathematical
sciences is scientific secretary of the Agency. He deals with
research planning and publishing its results. He compiles annual
scientific reports.
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SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH DEPARTMENT (SRD)
SRD is headed by academician Mirsaidov U.
Tel.: +992 37 227-77-91,
E-mail: [email protected].
NRSA AS RT established in the system of Academy of
Sciences and that’s why one of the basic tasks of the Agency is
carrying out scientific and research works. These works are
carried out in SRD. SRD is in the process of establishment. New
two –floor building is constructed where different laboratories
(spectrometry, radiochemistry, calibration and etc.) are operating.
SRD carries out investigations in the field of environmental
monitoring of Tajikistan and uranium ores and waste
reprocessing.
Process flow diagram is developed and optimal conditions
are determined for uranium industry waste reprocessing process.
U3O8 production possibility from uranylnitrate hyxahydride and
uranylsulphate trihydride is shown.
Under scientific supervision of Prof. Badalov, uranylnitrate
hexahydride dehydration process is studied by SRD’s staff which
courses in temperature intervals 310-420 K and consists from
three stages with two moles of water detachment in each stage.
UO2(NO3)2 thermal decomposition process coursing in
temperature intervals 430-750 К, consists of two stages.
Uranylsulphate trihydride dehydration process coursing in
temperature intervals 320-420 K consists from two stages with
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one mole of water detachment in first stage and two moles of
water in second stage of the process. Uranylsulphate thermal
decomposition process courses in one stage in temperature
intervals 480-710 K.
Chemical diagrams of separate dehydration process stages
and uranyl compounds decomposition are determined by X-ray
phase analysis, spectroscopy and tensimetry and thermodynamic
characteristics of these stages are calculated.
The fullest data on thermal and thermodynamic
characteristics of crystalline hydrides and dehydrated uranyl
nitrate and sulphate are received.
Mine and technical waters characteristics of uranium
industry waste are studied. It is determined that mine water
flowing out of the gallery in Taboshar settlement contains
uranium in the amount of 10 mg/l with water flow rate of 40
m3/hour, and mine waters of Kiik-Tal contains uranium in the
amount of 25-30 mg/l., pH 7,0-7,5 and with water flow rate 4,0-
4,5 m3/hour. Mine and technical waters characteristics of
Taboshar and Kiik-Tal revealed expediency of uranium
extraction.
Sorption process kinetics for uranium extraction from mine
and technical waters of uranium industry waste is investigated.
High sorption properties of apricot’s shell in comparison with
other sorbents are revealed. Optimal sorption parameters are
established.
Basic process flow diagram for uranium extraction from
mine and technical waters of uranium industry wastes is
developed which consists from the following stages: acidation,
sorption, burning, leaching, sedimentation, filtration, drying.
Environmental investigations within the territory of
Northern Tajikistan are carried out and according to its measuring
results radio-ecological map of Northern Tajikistan is compiled.
Sulfuric acid leaching of uranium-bearing ores of some
deposits with preliminary water washing and without washing is
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studied. Comparison results revealed that ores after water washing
are better leached.
Advanced process flow diagram with chalkstone and
ammonia nitrate application in manufacturing process during
redundant sulfuric acid neutralization stage is developed after
uranium desorption from resin AM (p) for yellow cake
sedimentation from uranium-bearing solutions. Uranium
extraction during sedimentation stage is 99%.
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LICENSING AND INSPECTION DEPARTMENT (LID)
LID is headed by academician U.M.Mirsaidov
Tel.: +992 37 224 77 97
E-mail: [email protected]
LID consists of two sections:
1. LICENSING SECTION (LS) – headed by B.B.Barotov
2. INSPECTION SECTION (IS) – headed by M.Z.Akhmedov;
The main tasks of LID are strengthening legal basis in the
field of radiation safety, provisions introduction of basic
regulation, law “On radiation safety”, law “About atomic energy
use” and Governmental decrees.
LID elaborated and enacted the following documents: Governmental Decree (No. 482), adopted 3 December 2004,
making provisions for State regulation in the area of radiation safety;
Governmental Decree (No. 337), adopted 1 September 2005 (amended in 2009), making provisions for licensing of specific types of activities;
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Governmental Decree (No. 471), adopted 2 December 2005, making provisions for activities of inter-agency Council on Radiation Safety;
Norms of radiation safety (NRB-06) SP 2.6.1.001-06 (No. 237)- registered in the Ministry of Justice from 16 January 2007;
Hygienic requirements for facilities and X-ray rooms operations, apparatus and carrying out X-ray examinations (No. 257) - registered in the Ministry of Justice from 16 April 2007;
Requirements for ensuring the radiation safety (PORB-08) (No. 402) – registered in the Ministry of Justice from 18 June 2008;
Order of registration, review, examination of applications and documents set submitted for obtaining of license for activities related to sources of ionizing radiation and radioactive substances use, internal document approved in 2009;
Commissions’ regulation under Nuclear and Radiation Safety AS RT «On different activities licensing related to sources of ionizing radiation use», internal document approved in 2006;
Requirements for carrying out inspections of business entities' activities in the Republic of Tajikistan by Nuclear and Radiation Safety Agency (No. 529) - registered in the Ministry of Justice from 19 June 2009;
Checklists for carrying out inspections. Elaborated in compliance with IAEA recommendations, covering 7 areas of activity (№457), registered in the Ministry of Justice from 26 November 2008;
Requirements for carrying out quality control in medical X-ray diagnostics (No. 573) - registered in the Ministry of Justice from 23 April 2010;
Requirements for ensuring radiation safety during transportation of radioactive materials (No. 599) - registered in the Ministry of Justice from 26 January 2011;
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NP 01.001-11 Requirements for ensuring physical protection of facilities and storages with radioactive sources and wastes (No. 601) - registered in the Ministry of Justice from 09 February 2011;
NP 01.002-11 Ionizing radiation sources categorization and requirements for their determination (No. 602) - registered in the Ministry of Justice from 09 February 2011;
NP 03.004-11 Requirements for ensuring radiation safety during scrap metal collection and its sale (613) - registered in the Ministry of Justice from 17 June 2011;
NP 03.003-11 Requirements on radioactive waste management (608) registered in the Ministry of Justice in 11 April 2011;
Besides on the basis of the Law «On radiation safety» the following regulations are in the process of approval:
Requirements for liquidated, conserved and changed the line of business enterprises on extraction and reprocessing of radioactive ores.
Requirements for facilities and radioisotope equipment operation.
Order on state accounting for and control of radioactive substances and radioactive waste.
The Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On radioactive waste management” is also in the process of approval.
Staff of LID is carrying out works in the field of accounting for and control of SIR as well as illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive materials.
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INSPECTION SECTION (IS)
IS is headed by M.Z.Akhmedov
Tel.: +992 37 2224 21 23
Mobile: +992 93 591 01 95
E-mail: [email protected]
The basic tasks of IS are carrying out organizations and
enterprises inspections which using in their activity sources of
ionizing radiation. Organizations and enterprises inspections are
carried out in accordance with the RT laws “On radiation safety”,
“On carrying out inspections of commercial entities activities in
the Republic of Tajikistan”, “About atomic energy use”, “On
licensing of separate types of activities”, and regulations “On state
control in the field of radiation safety”, “About licensing of
separate kinds of activities” as well as requirements and rules:
“Rules on carrying out inspections of commercial entities in the
Republic of Tajikistan by Nuclear and radiation safety agency
under the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan” and
other legal acts.
20
IS started its activity after elaboration and state approval of
“Rules on carrying out inspections of commercial entities in the
Republic of Tajikistan by Nuclear and radiation safety agency
under the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan” and
“Different checklists” for users of ionizing radiation sources in
different fields. Those different checklists were approved in 2008
and are the following:
1. Checklists for inspection of X-ray diagnostics apparatus and
computer tomography;
2. Checklists for inspection and use of radiopharmaceuticals in
nuclear medicine departments;
3. Checklists for inspection of radiotherapy units,
brachytherapy and X-ray therapy;
4. Checklists for inspection of industrial sites which are using
sources of ionizing radiation;
5. Checklists for inspection of industrial radiography sites and
radioisotope units;
6. Checklists for inspection of unsealed radioactive sources;
7. Checklists for inspection of sites with electron emitter.
The checklist, depending on type of ionizing radiation
source use, is handled to the users before carrying out an
inspection according to “Rules on carrying out inspections of
commercial entities in the Republic of Tajikistan by Nuclear and
radiation safety agency under the Academy of Sciences of the
Republic of Tajikistan” and inspection is take place on the basis of
this checklist.
Staff of IS is carrying out dosimetric measurements and X-
ray apparatus QC during X-ray rooms’ inspections. X-ray
apparatus and protective means parameters’ compliance with
acting requirements are examined. Dose rate identifications by
different distance, radionuclide identification – preliminary
spectrometry and other actions related to ionizing radiation
sources are also carried out during inspections of radioactive
sources.
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Staff of IS was involved in compiling inventory of ionizing
radiation sources within the territory of the republic. They
completed an inventory of sealed and unsealed radioactive
sources, X-ray apparatus and nuclear materials. The collected data
was inputted to the RASOD database which is the national
database for all radioactive sources in the country.
In general, IS carries out inspection of all users dealing with
ionizing radiation sources. Inspectors are carrying out workplace
monitoring, dosimetric measurements, examines fulfillment of:
quality assurance (QA) programs, physical protection of ionizing
radiation sources and emergency preparedness and response plan
as well as compliance with legal acts in the field of radiation
safety/security and license requirements.
LICENSING SECTION (LS)
LS is headed by B.B.Barotov
Tel.: +992 37 224 21 23
E-mail: [email protected]
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The main tasks of LS under NRSA are carrying out
licensing activity in the field of radiation safety in compliance
with Tajikistan’s legislation requirements: RT Law “On radiation
safety” № 42 from 1 August 2003, RT Law “About atomic energy
use” № 69 from 9 December 2004, RT Law “On licensing of
separate types of activities” and regulations “On state control in
the field of ensuring the radiation safety” approved by RT
Governmental Decree № 482 from 3 December 2004, “About
licensing specifications for separate types of activities” approved
by RT Governmental Decree № 337 from 1 September 2005 as
well as legal basis strengthening in the field of radiation safety.
LS elaborated and enacted the following documents:
1. Order of registration, review, examination of applications
and documents set submitted to Nuclear and Radiation
Safety Agency under the Academy of Sciences of the
Republic of Tajikistan for obtaining of license for
activities related to sources of ionizing radiation and
radioactive substances use, approved by order of NRSA
AS RT director №12-1 from 17.04.2009;
2. Commissions’ regulation under Nuclear and radiation
safety agency AS RT «On different activities licensing
related to sources of ionizing radiation use», internal
document approved in 2006;
3. Requirements for carrying out inspections of business
entities' activities in the Republic of Tajikistan by Nuclear
and Radiation Safety Agency (No. 529) - registered in the
Ministry of Justice from 19 June 2009;
4. Requirements for ensuring the radiation safety (PORB-08)
(No. 402) – registered in the Ministry of Justice from 18
June 2008;
5. Checklists for carrying out inspections. Elaborated in
compliance with IAEA recommendations. (covering 7
areas of activity), registered in the Ministry of Justice by
№457 from 26 November 2008;
23
6. Requirements for ensuring radiation safety during
transportation of radioactive materials (No. 599) -
registered in the Ministry of Justice from 26 January 2011;
7. Hygienic requirements for facilities and X-ray rooms
operations, apparatus and carrying out X-ray examinations
– Sanitary requirements SanPiN 2.6.1.007 – 07 (No. 257) -
registered in the Ministry of Justice from 16 April 2007;
8. Requirements for carrying out quality control in medical
X-ray diagnostics (No. 573) - registered in the Ministry of
Justice from 23 April 2010;
9. NP 03.003-11 Requirements on radioactive waste
management (608) registered in the Ministry of Justice in
11 April 2011;
10. NP 01.002-11 Ionizing radiation sources categorization
and requirements for their determination (No. 602) -
registered in the Ministry of Justice from 09 February
2011;
11. NP 03.004-11 Requirements for ensuring radiation safety
during scrap metal collection and its sale (613) - registered
in the Ministry of Justice from 17 June 2011;
12. NP 01.001-11 Requirements for ensuring physical
protection of facilities and storages with radioactive
sources and wastes (No. 601) - registered in the Ministry
of Justice from 09 February 2011;
A number of other legal documents are elaborated and
currently are in review stage:
Requirements for facilities and radioisotope equipment
operation;
Requirements for accounting and control of public
exposure received by citizens while working with ionizing
radiation sources, while passing through the X-ray
examinations, as well as conditioned to radiation
background;
24
Organization requirements for accounting and control over
radioactive substances and radioactive waste;
Memorandum of understanding (MoU) between Nuclear
and Radiation Safety Agency AS RT and RT Ministry of
Health;
Memorandum of understanding (MoU) between Nuclear
and Radiation Safety Agency AS RT and Customs Service
under the GRT.
LS in its activity also carries out technical evaluation of
documents set and applications submitted for license. LS prepares
documentation for license issuance.
25
INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL DEPARTMENT
(IAD)
IAD is headed by J.A.Salomov
PhD in physical and mathematical sciences
Tel.: +992 37 224 21 02
E-mail: [email protected]
The basic tasks of IAD are providing information related to
radiation safety for scientific & research institutions as well as
public. IAD organizes different events (seminars, workshops,
conferences, training courses and etc.) to raise awareness about
radiation safety as well as to increase the scientific,
methodological & technical levels in the country on radiation
safety. Information and international relations section (IIRS) is
operating under this IAD.
IAD created NRSA’s web-site: www.nrsa.tj which is
constantly maintained by different informational resources. High-
speed optical fiber internet is arranged and operational in IAD
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under bilateral project with United States of America. This
arrangement allows updating web-site’s informational resources
in-time and operating high-quality design web-site.
IAD is responsible to carry out correspondence with all
international organizations and countries with which cooperation
agreements in the field of “peaceful use of atomic energy” are
signed. IAD equipped with modern and up-to-date equipment.
Library and National INIS (International Nuclear
Information System) Center are operating under IAD. Library has
in its possession all IAEA publications covering different areas
issued from 1970 as well as national books of Tajikistan’s
scientists in current field and other natural sciences.
Staff of IAD undertook training in number of IAEA
advanced member states in the field of operating National INIS
Center and library. Staff is professionally trained by IAEA on
software and on-line platforms by means of which:
National and regional projects are submitted by Tajikistan
to IAEA;
Candidates are submitted for undertaking training courses,
fellowships, scientific visits, seminars, workshops,
technical meetings, conferences and other events under
IAEA national, regional, inter-regional and international
projects;
Required equipment for the country under national and
regional projects is requested;
Projects work-plans are compiled;
Profile of the country is maintained and updated and many
other activities are carried out.
All these activities are performed through on-line IAEA
platforms such as: In-touch; TC-Pride; TC-Country Profile;
PCMF; CPF’s, available in IAEA web-site: http://www-
tc.iaea.org/tcweb/default.asp.
IAD carries out correspondence with IAEA TC
Department’s Program Management Officers (PMO), IAEA
27
Technical Officers from other departments, for example with
Technical Officers of different IAEA national projects on progress
achieved under specific project in the country.
IAD carries out correspondence and negotiations with
UNDP, other UN and international organizations, regulatory
authorities of IAEA member states, with IAEA counterparts of
different regional projects, donors and NGO representatives,
scientific and research institutions as well as public.
IAD takes an active participation in IAEA TC Departments’
process of planning, policy and strategy formation.
IAD actively interacts with beneficiaries of IAEA projects
in Tajikistan. Staff of IAD renders assistance to IAEA national
and regional projects’ counterparts in preparation and submission
of projects, work-plans, request for necessary equipment,
completing forms for undertaking trainings, fellowships, scientific
visits, technical meetings, seminars and other events with its final
submission to IAEA.
INFORMATION AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
SECTION (IIRS).
IIRS is headed by I.Mirsaidov
PhD in technical sciences
Tel.: +992 37 88 14 906
E-mail: [email protected]
The basic tasks of IIRS are:
- providing information to professionals dealing with SIR;
- providing information to scientists within International
Nuclear Information System (INIS);
- carrying out measures to increase the scientific,
methodological & technical levels in the country on
radiation safety
28
- Organizing national and international training courses,
seminars, workshops, conferences and other events in the
field of nuclear and radiation safety/security.
Sections operates National INIS Center (International
Nuclear Information System), which provides services to
scientists of the republic engaged in the fields of nuclear physics,
radiochemistry, radiation safety, radiation ecology and etc.
Besides mentioned activity INIS center ensures data input to INIS
Secretariat in Vienna at IAEA Headquarters. Those inputs cover
publications on above-mentioned areas within the Republic of
Tajikistan.
NATIONAL INIS CENTER IN TAJIKISTAN
INIS is the world’s leading information system on the
peaceful uses of nuclear energy. INIS is operated by the NIS is
operated by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in
collaboration with its Member States and co-operating
international organizations.
INIS provides a comprehensive information reference
service for literature in nuclear science and technology. To do
this, INIS processes most of the world’s scientific and technical
literature that falls within its subject scope. The subject scope was
developed to respond to the information needs of the international
community in the areas of the IAEA’s interest and activities
covering the peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology.
The fields covered are as follows:
Nuclear Power including
Nuclear Engineering and Instrumentation
Fission Reactors
Nuclear Fuel Cycle
Radioactive Waste Management
29
Nuclear Safety
Materials of Nuclear Interest
Environmental Aspect (of Nuclear and Non-nuclear Energy
Sources)
Economic Aspects (of Nuclear and Non-nuclear Energy
Sources)
Safeguards, Non-proliferation
Nuclear Applications including
Production of Isotopes and Radiation Sources
Industrial Applications of Isotopes and Radiation Sources
Radioisotopes and Radiation in Earth Sciences
Radioisotopes and Radiation in Agriculture, Biology and
Medicine
Radiation protection
Nuclear Aspects of Physics including
Plasma Physics and Nuclear Fusion
Condensed Matter
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Nuclear Physics
Elementary Particle Physics
Classical and Quantum Mechanics
Nuclear Aspects of Chemistry including
Radiochemistry
Radiation Chemistry
Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Analytical Methods
Legal Aspects
30
INIS Philosophy
The basis of INIS is international co-operation. INIS is the
first international information system in which both the collection
of input and dissemination of output to users are decentralized.
Only the data processing and output production are centralized in
the INIS Secretariat.
This decentralized approach to input and output was
selected because it results in the most comprehensive coverage of
nuclear literature, the most effective method of handling
information in different languages, and the most satisfactory
services for users of the information.
The success of the INIS philosophy is demonstrated by:
more than 3 million items in the INIS Database;
annual growth averaging from 80 000 to 90 000 items;
a collection of scientific reports, brochures, dissertations,
patents, etc. exceeding 1 000 000 documents, in
microfiche and electronic form;
worldwide use of INIS output products.
31
National INIS Center in Tajikistan was established in 2003
through IAEA national project TAD/0/002 “Establishment of
INIS Center”.
The basic objective of the project was to establish a
national INIS center capable of providing the relevant information
services in all aspects of the peaceful applications of nuclear
sciences and technology in support of the national nuclear
program.
Necessary modern equipment for appropriate INIS Center
operation was delivered to Tajikistan through IAEA project on
“Establishment of INIS Center”. 4 employees from NRSA
undertook fellowships in National INIS Centers of Iran and
Russian Federation under this project. A scientific visit was
arranged for NRSA management for familiarization with
infrastructure of National INIS Centers in Iran and Russian
Federation. National training courses were conducted in Dushanbe
by INIS experts from Belorussia and Syria in 2002 and 2004.
Provided national training courses to NRSA AS RT employees
covered all issues related to appropriate operation of National
INIS center.
Currently National INIS Center of Tajikistan actively
participates in elaboration of recommendations by INIS
Secretariat and has the following functions:
Selecting the relevant nuclear literature produced within
country
Preparing the associated input in accordance with INIS
rules and submitting it to the IAEA which includes
cataloguing, indexing, and input of hard-accessing
literature
Providing a hard or soft copy of the full text of those items
of literature (excluding items towards which juridical and
regime limitations are applied) which is not available
through normal commercial channels
32
Providing consultations and recommendations to INIS
Secretariat regarding INIS system operation and
development.
Providing INIS information and products to national
stakeholders (scientists, post-graduate-students, scientists
and etc) within the country and keeping contacts with them
and informing INIS Secretariat regarding their opinion and
proposals
Promotion of INIS products at meetings and conferences
Information exchange with INIS Center in Vienna
33
TECHNICAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT (TSD)
Department is headed by К.М.Nazarov
PhD in technical sciences
Tel.: +992 37 225 80 05 or +992 37 225 80 06
E-mail: [email protected]
TSD carries out analysis and summarizes of procured
materials and equipment, compiles relevant documentation,
prepares informational and technical reports. TSD carries out an
active interaction with UNDP on issues related to procured
equipment and materials by IAEA for different national project in
Tajikistan and their delivery to final beneficiary.
34
TSD carries out promotional activities on NRSA
achievements by means of organizing exhibitions, shows,
seminars and different negotiations.
TSD has a key role in arranging logistics for different
events organized by NRSA such as: training courses, seminars,
workshops, meetings and others and in this regard actively
cooperates with IAEA, ISTC, European Commission, USA
Department of Energy, NNSA, SLD, PNNL, Norwegian
Radiation Protection Authority and other international
organizations.
TSD is responsible for safe delivery of equipment supplied
under IAEA TC projects through UNDP office in Tajikistan and
other international organizations and carries out customs
clearance.
TSD has a capacity to carry out repair works of this
equipment. TSD consists of 6 sections which are providing
different technical services to NRSA and considers being its TSO
in this regard.
TSO provides the following services:
Occupational exposure control services:
Patient exposure control services
Public exposure control services
Education and training services
Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory Services
(SSDL)
Specific services
35
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE CONTROL SERVICES
SECTION (OECSS).
OECSS is headed by N.U.Khakimova
PhD in chemical sciences.
Tel.: +992 37 224 77 97
E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]
OECSS started its activity from March 2004. OECSS
activity is based on NRSA AS RT statute, Regulation «About
OECSS», Regulation «On state control in the field of ensuring
radiation safety», approved by RT Governmental Decree №482
from 3.12.2004 г., RT law «On radiation safety» №69 from
09.12.2004 and carries out occupational exposure control (OEC)
in compliance with Radiation Safety Norms requirements (NRB-
06) SP 2.6.1.001-06.
The basic tasks of OECSS are external individual
monitoring and workplace monitoring as well as the data base
(internal exposure monitoring is planned to take place in the
future);
36
OECSS carries out control over external occupational
exposures which is one of the important system elements for
ensuring professionals radiation safety working with SIR.
The basic objective for carrying out such an activity is
taken care about human health protection who is working in
controlled zone with SIR. The purpose for control is getting
reliable occupational exposure identification in order to determine
labor conditions compliance with radiation safety requirements.
Received data can confirm whether personnel’s radiation safety is
ensured appropriately or not and whether radioactive source is
under control.
Occupational exposure service is carried out on contract
basis with relevant organizations and persons for whom NRSA
AS RT license is issued. Thermoluminescent detectors (TLDs) are
applied for occupational exposure control. Measurements are
carried out by modern American thermoluminescent analyzer
“Harshaw TLD System 4500” with specialized software for
automatic occupational exposure measurement and its archiving.
Occupational exposure control and its accounting are
carried out every quarter (3 month). Occupational exposure
control service currently is provided to 400 professionals. These
professionals are from different hospitals of Ministry of Health,
Committee of Emergency Situations and Civil Defense, Customs
service under GRT, State Enterprise “Radioactive Waste Disposal
Site” in Faizabad city, Aluminum plant and private companies.
OECSS personnel are specialists who graduated from
Tajik National University. They undertook IAEA fellowships on
the subject in Lithuania and Armenia.
37
PATIENT EXPOSURE CONTROL SERVICES SECTION
(PECSS1)
OECSS is headed by V.Saidov
PhD in chemical sciences.
Tel.: +992 37 224 21 23
E-mail: [email protected]
PECSS1 carries out Quality Assurance/Control of
Medical Facilites and identifies whether operating facilities are in
compliance with radiation safety requirements.
PECSS1 is equippped with modern and up-to-date
equipment (Unfors Xi) and its staff is trained by IAEA experts.
38
PUBLIC EXPOSURE CONTROL SERVICES SECTION
(PECSS2)
OECSS is headed by J.Misratov
PhD in chemical sciences.
Tel.: +992 37 224 21 23
E-mail: [email protected]
PECSS2 carries out environmental monitoring,
spectrometry of alpha, beta and gamma radiation, natural radiation
monitoring such as radon in houses and other related activities.
PECSS2 is equippped with modern and up-to-date
equipment and its staff is trained by IAEA experts.
PECSS2 in its activity closely cooperates with NRSA
branch in the Northern Tajikistan on uranium tailings monitoring.
PECSS2 currently preparing Tajikistan’s radiation map
and in this regard environmental measurements for different
regions of Tajikistan are going on.
39
EDUCATION AND TRAINING SERVICES SECTION
(ETSS)
ETSS is headed by A.Barotov
Tel.: +992 37 88 14 906
E-mail: [email protected]
ETSS task is operating and maintaining recently established
National Educational and Training Centre on Radiation Protection
for the development of sufficient human resources to strengthen the
radiation safety and radiation protection infrastructure in Tajikistan.
ETSS provides different training courses, workshops and
seminars for radiation workers and radiation protection officers
(RPOs) as well as for representatives of law enforcement agencies.
ETSS covers different topics on ensuring radiation safety in
medicine, industry, agriculture, science & education, as well as
courses on nuclear and radiation security.
ETSS in cooperation with IAEA elaborated its training syllabus.
ETSS prepared a national strategy of education and training in the
field of radiation safety and security which is currently in the
Parliament for approval.
ETSS closely cooperates with IAEA on conducting different
national and regional events in its center.
40
SECONDARY STANDARD DOSIMETRY LABORATORY
SERVICE SECTION (SSDLSS)
SSDLSS is headed by A.Shonazarov
Tel.: +992 37 224 21 23
E-mail: [email protected]
SSDLSS task is to improve the status of radiation
protection through precision calibration and standardized
measurements in line with applicable national and international
standards.
Unfortunately SSDLSS is not operational currently and do
not provide calibration services (dosimeter calibration) due to
pending delivery of radiaoctive high-activity calibration source.
Activities are foreseen to fix this problem during 2013. All
modern eqipment is delivered and training is provided by IAEA to
SDLSS staff.
41
SPECIFIC SERVICES SECTION (SSS) SSS is headed by F.Khamidov
Tel.: +992 93 436 64 63 E-mail: [email protected]
SSS task is transport of radioactive material, emergency preparation and response services, search for orphan sources, nuclear forensics, installation of physical protection elements for sites with high-risk radioactive sources, etc.
SSS staff carried out search of whole territory of Tajikistan
for orphan sources and discovered more than 700 orphan and
disused radioactive sources.
42
BRANCH OF NRSA IN SOGHD REGION
(NORTHERN TAJIKISTAN)
Sughd branch is headed by – N.Khakimov
PhD in Technical Sciences
Tel.: +992 47 448 79 01
E-mail: [email protected]
Sughd branch was established in 2004 in Chkalovsk. In
accordance with order of Presidium AS RT №72 dated 15.09.2004
it is considered as a legal entity. It is one of the first established
and biggest branches of NRSA
The basic tasks of Soghd branch are:
- Environmental monitoring of Sughd region due to location
of huge amount of uranium tailings in that part of
Tajikistan;
43
- Accounting for, inventory and control of nuclear and
other radioactive materials in Sughd region; - Applications review and documentation set preparation for
license issuance by NRSA Headquarter in Dushanbe for types of activities with use of SIR in Sughd region;
- Carrying out inspection over compliance with license conditions and radiation safety/security requirements of national legislation for activities with use of SIR in Sughd region.
Branch also involved in carrying out research on
ecological condition of water artery in Sughd region, public protection against harmful hazards and effects of former SUE «Vostokredmet» radioactive waste and etc.
Sughd branch staff compiled passports for all uranium tailings of northern Tajikistan. Engineer and geological conditions as well as radionuclides composition in different uranium tailings are carried out by Sughd branch staff.
The same activities, except research, are carried out by other NRSA branches in other parts of Tajikistan.
44
4. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION.
The important milestone in Agency’s activity is works
coordination with international organizations.
Cooperation with IAEA
After becoming an IAEA member in 2001, the Republic of
Tajikistan implemented 16 projects and additional 4 are submitted
for the new 2014-2015 cycle. Eight projects are completed and
eight others are still active. Also Republic of Tajikistan
participates in more than 40 regional projects from which 16 are
completed and others are active.
Beneficiaries of IAEA national projects in Tajikistan are:
Different hospitals of Ministry of Health, Ministry of Energy and
Industry, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan,
Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Tajik State Medical
University, Customs Service under the Government of the
Republic of Tajikistan, State Committee of National Security,
Ministry of Interior and others.
45
The list of IAEA National projects implemented in the
Republic of Tajikistan
Project
number Name
TAD0002
Establishment of INIS Center.
Objectives: To establish a national International
Nuclear Information System (INIS) center capable of
providing the relevant information services in all
aspects of the peaceful applications of nuclear sciences
and technology in support of the national nuclear
program.
TAD0003
Establishing a National Educational and Training
Centre on Radiation Protection.
Objectives: To establish a National Educational and
Training Centre on Radiation Protection for the
development of sufficient human resources to
strengthen the radiation safety and radiation protection
infrastructure in Tajikistan.
TAD1001
Upgrading Laboratory Capabilities for
Environmental Monitoring to Improve the
Radiological Safety of the Public and the
Environment.
Objectives: To improve the radiological safety of
public and environment by improving and upgrading
laboratory capabilities for environmental radiation
monitoring and to establish an accredited analytical
quality control procedures.
TAD5002
Assessment of Soil Erosion and Sedimentation for
Land Use.
Objectives: To develop capacity and tools for the
assessment of land degradation (mainly soil erosion)
46
and implementation of soil conservation measures in
Tajikistan.
TAD5003
Diagnosis and Control of Brucellosis in Cattle,
Sheep and Goats.
Objectives: To improve diagnosis of brucellosis in
cattle, sheep and goats in order to prevent the spread
of the disease among animals and the human
population in Tajikistan.
TAD5004
Improving Laboratory Capacity for Food Safety.
Objectives: To provide assistance in the establishment
of a central laboratory for the analysis of contaminants
and residues in food and agricultural products and
satellite laboratories at the border with neighboring
countries.
TAD5005
Developing Soil Conservation Strategies for
Improved Soil Health.
Objectives: To develop capacity and tools for the
assessment of soil health and implementation of soil
conservation measures and strategies in Tajikistan.
TAD6002
Upgrading Nuclear Medicine Services.
Objectives: To improve the technical capabilities of
the Institute of Gastroenterology (IGE) in providing
nuclear medicine for better patient care and treatment.
TAD6003
Upgrading Radiotherapy Services at the
Republican Clinical Centre of Oncology.
Objectives: To upgrade radiotherapy services for the
treatment of cancer at the Republican Clinical Centre
of Oncology (RCCO).
TAD6004
Establishment of Radiation Protection Calibration
Service in Tajikistan.
Objectives: To improve the status of radiation
protection through precision calibration and
47
standardized measurements in line with applicable
national and international standards.
TAD6005
Implementing Laboratory Services for Tumour
Markers.
Objectives: To establish capacities for early diagnosis
of cancers and improved detection of hormonal and
fertility disorders in women.
TAD7001
Using Isotope Techniques to Assess Water
Resources and Evaluate Their Hydrogeological
Conditions.
Objectives: Assess the water resources and make
investigation of groundwater resources in Tajikistan
using isotope techniques. Evaluation of
hydrogeological conditions of Tajikistan water
resources using environmental isotopes.
TAD8002
Creating Non-Destructive Testing Capability.
Objectives: To establish facilities for non-destructive
testing of industrial equipment and components as
well as for civil engineering structures in accordance
with international standards.
TAD9002
Application of International Safety Standards on
the Management of Uranium Milling Residues.
Objectives: To determine if international safety
standards are being applied to the management of
residues associated with the mining and milling of
uranium ores and the impact of the residues on the
local population and environment.
TAD9003
Establishing a Radiation Monitoring System at
Uranium Tailings Sites in Northern Tajikistan.
Objectives: To improve public radiation protection
through the organization of systematic
bioenvironmental radiation monitoring around open
48
radioactive waste sites in northern Tajikistan.
TAD9004
Strengthening the Infrastructure of the Regulatory
Authority and its Technical Support Organization
(TSO).
Objectives: To strengthen the Regulatory Authority
and its TSO capabilities in order to fulfill its activities
in line with international good management practices
and Code of Conduct.
All implemented projects are directed basically on modern
equipment delivery, staff training for operation of current
equipment by means of IAEA training courses, fellowships and
scientific visits in different European countries. Expert missions
render assistance with elaboration of national strategies, laws,
regulations and other legal acts in compliance with international
standards and IAEA recommendations. Expert missions also
provide technical trainings on operation of delivered equipment or
facilities for engaged staff.
All introduced projects are implemented in accordance
with compiled work-plans which are elaborated by national
counterparts in close partnership with relevant IAEA department.
IAEA projects provide a unique possibility to introduce and
implement projects in strict compliance with international
standards. Projects beneficiaries are undertaking trainings and
familiarizing with infrastructure of the most developed countries
on specific field concerned. IAEA projects provide a possibility of
comprehensive knowledge transfer in the field of nuclear and
radiation technologies from developed countries to Tajikistan.
Annually IAEA trains more than 50 employees from different
ministries and authorities of Tajikistan either in its headquarters
which is in Vienna or other countries of the world.
During 10 years of cooperation, more than 500 employees
from different ministries and authorities, state enterprises, medical
49
institutions attended IAEA events (technical meetings, working
groups, seminars, conferences, training courses, fellowships,
scientific visits, and etc.) conducted either in Tajikistan or other
countries of the world.
COOPERATION WITH UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
USA Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Two projects are implemented.
First project is on introducing amendments and additions to the RT legislation in the field of nuclear and radiation safety/security with the purpose of its improvement and harmonization with International and IAEA standards.
Second project is on carrying out inventory of all sources of ionizing radiation (SIR) in Tajikistan with the purpose of having comprehensive data on all types of SIR within the country. Under this project radioactive sources database is established called RASOD (Regulatory Authority Software Database), which consists of all data on radioactive sources covering all regions of Tajikistan.
USA Department of Energy. The following projects are implemented:
Search of orphan sources with the purpose of discovering orphan and disused radioactive sources which are not under regulatory control. As result of this project more than 500 orphan and disused sources were discovered in north of Tajikistan (Sughd region), 178 in southern part (Khatlon region) 76 in central part (Nohiyahoi Tobei Jumhur) and were safely transported to the State Institution: “Radioactive Waste Disposal Site”. No sources were discovered in eastern part (GBAO-Pamir).
Physical protection is established on sites with high-risk radioactive sources such as State Institution “Radioactive Waste Disposal Site”, State Institution «Research Center of
50
Oncology» and Gamma laboratory of Tajik National University.
Project on connecting above mentioned sites with high-risk radioactive sources to off-site monitoring which is protected by control panel of Ministry of Interior.
Several joint training courses and workshops are conducted.
BILATERAL COOPERATION WITH EUROPEAN
COMMISSION AND PROJECTS WITH EUROPEAN
COUNTRIES.
European Commission.
Project on equipping border crossing points of Tajikistan
by Radiation Portal Monitors. (7 sites to be covered).
Project on feasibility study and environmental impact
assessment of two high-risk sites contaminated by
radioactive wastes (Degmay and Taboshar).
Project on training staff of regulatory body and its TSO.
Norway.
There is ongoing project on enhancing infrastructure of the
regulatory body in the field of radioactive waste management
from former mining and milling activity.
The objective of the project is to elaborate a set of
legislative requirements on ensuring occupational, public and
environmental safety during planning and carrying out works on
remediation of contaminated territories.
Under this project the following legislative documents are
developed:
51
RT Law on “Radioactive Waste Management”.
Regulatory requirements on “Radioactive waste
management”.
Regulatory requirements for carrying out monitoring
during mining facility decommissioning or territories
remediation contaminated by radioactive waste.
Germany
The Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS)
Project FZK 3607I09180 “Scientifically technical experience
exchange in the field of nuclear safety with regulatory authorities
of Central and Eastern Europe, as well as Central Asia” is
implemented.
United Kingdom.
Project on upgrading State Institution “Radioactive Waste
Disposal Site” (RWDS) by means of new building construction
for RTG’s, new building construction for security personnel
(Central Alarm Station - CAS), making a barrier (2 m concrete
wall) around the controlled area, separate (red) electricity line
supply, separate water-supply line, physical protection elements
installation along the perimeter of controlled zone (CCTV, motion
sensors, infra-red and microwaves sensors and etc), diesel
generator installation in case of electricity cut and a number of
other upgrades.
52
COOPERATION WITH TURKEY
Turkish Atomic Energy Commission
Project on rendering assistance by means of training and
equipment delivery within ongoing IAEA national project in
Tajikistan.
COOPERATION WITH ISTC
Project on “Developing manufacturing basis for Tajikistan’s
uranium industry waste reprocessing. The objective of the project is
development of basic process flow diagram for uranium industry
waste reprocessing in order to produce uranium oxide (U3O8).
Project is directed to establish conditions for weapon scientists’ re-
orientation and their involvement in solution of problems related to
technology development for raw materials reprocessing and
industrial waste. Project covers issues of physic-chemical study of
Tajikistan’s uranium waste reprocessing processes.
COOPERATION WITH UNDP
Project «Enhancing coordination for projects development
and resources mobilization for sustainable radioactive waste
management in Central Asia». The objective of the project is
rendering support to the Governments of region in formation of
agreed list of projects directed to elimination or mitigation
different aspects of radioactive and toxic waste impact on
environment and public health.
Works were performed on criteria identification, an in
compliance with them, avoiding duplication with other donors and
project proposals prioritization which were listed in Framework
document (High-level International Forum, Geneva, Switzerland,
29 June 2009).
