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The Eartha planet( 행성 )
The EarthA planet
Mass: 5.9736 × 1024 kg( 태양의 0.00030%)Mean radius: 6,371.0 km
Compound FormulaComposition
Continen-tal
Oceanic
silica SiO2 60.2% 48.6%
alumina Al2O3 15.2% 16.5%
lime CaO 5.5% 12.3%
magnesia MgO 3.1% 6.8%
iron(II) oxide FeO 3.8% 6.2%
sodium oxide Na2O 3.0% 2.6%
potassium oxide K2O 2.8% 0.4%
iron(III) oxide Fe2O3 2.5% 2.3%
water H2O 1.4% 1.1%
carbon dioxide CO2 1.2% 1.4%
titanium dioxide TiO2 0.7% 1.4%
phosphorus pen-toxide
P2O5 0.2% 0.3%
Total 99.6% 99.9%
Chemical composition of the crust
The Solar System태양 , 수성 , 금성 , 지구 , 화성 , ( 세레스 ), 목성 , 토성 , 천왕성 , 해왕성 , ( 명왕성 )
Astronomical UnitsDistance
Distance1 AU = 149,597,870.700 ± 0.003 km
≈ 8.317 light minutes ≈ 499 light-seconds
( 지구에서 태양까지의 거리 )1 light-second ≈ 0.002 AU1 light-year = 9.461×1015 m≈ 63,241 AU 1 parsec = 30.857×1015 m ≈ 206,265 AU
The Solar SystemStructure
The four gas giants against the Sun: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune (Sizes to scale, distances not to scale)
The Suna Star Mass: 1.9891×1030 kg ( 지구의 332,900 배 )
태양계 전체 질량의 99.86%
Volume: 1.412×1018 km3 ( 지구의 1,300,000 배 )
composition (by mass) Hydrogen 73.46%Helium 24.85% Oxygen 0.77% Carbon 0.29% Iron 0.16% Sulfur 0.12% Neon 0.12% Nitrogen 0.09% Silicon 0.07% Magnesium 0.05%
태양 자기장의 영향
The Milky Way(우리은하 )Diameter 100,000 ly
Thickness 12,000 ly(gas)
1,000 ly(stars)
Number of stars
200 to 400 bil-lion
Oldest star 13.2 billion yrs
Mass 5.8×1011 M☉
Sun's distance to galactic center
26,000 ± 1400 ly
Sun's galactic rotation pe-riod
220 million yrs (negative rota-tion)
Spiral pattern rotation pe-riod
50 million years
Bar pattern rotation pe-riod
15 to 18 million yrs
Speed relative to the universe
590 km/s
The Universe within 5 million Light YearsThe Local Group of Galaxies(국부은하군 )