Upload
mitchell-leonard
View
221
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
SOFTWARE
Application Software System Software
Types of Software
Performs specific tasks and works on top of the operating system.
Three main types◦ General Purpose◦ Special Purpose◦ Custom Written
Application Software
OPERATING SYSTEM
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Software that performs basic tasks that most users would need to do. Comes in a software suite or Integrated software.
Eg. Microsoft Office, PDF reader, Adobe Photoshop
General Purpose
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Relatively Cheap Little or no Customization
Easy to learn Comes in a package and cannot be separated
No compatibility issues
Easy to Install
Software designed to perform a specific task.
Eg. Accounting, Engineering Design, Music player.
Special Purpose
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Meets a specific need Can be expensive
Usually integrates with other software well
Has no other use other than what it was made for.
Software that is designed specifically for an organization to meet their individual needs.
Eg. Government databases, Large businesses.
Custom Written Software
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Meets the individual needs of the user
Very costly
Can be modified to meet new needs
Difficult to troubleshoot at times
Cannot be used for anything else.
System software
They enable the computer to run properly. Application programs depend on the System software to run.
There are 2 main types OS (Operating System) Utilities
System Software
The operating system is the set of programs that controls all the hardware and application programs that make up the computer system.
They are the most important programs because every other program depends on it.
Eg. ◦ PC-Windows, Linux, UNIX, Mac OS, DOS◦ Phone -Android, iOS, Symbian, Windows Mobile
Operating Systems (OS)
Process Management◦ Allotting adequate time and resources to each
process/program File Management
◦ Provides the ability to modify files and folders while keeping track of their physical location on the hard drive.
Memory Management◦ Manages the memory the computer has so that
every program can get to load as quickly and efficiently as possible.
The OS does many functions
Input/Output Management◦ Controls the communication with external
hardware like keyboard, mouse, printers, monitor etc…
Security and Maintenance◦ Provides some level of security to ensure the
software is safe from viruses and malware. Provides utilities to ensure backups and error corrections take place.
User Interface◦ Provides a user interface that the user can
interact with to give inputs.
OS functions contd…
USER INTERFACES
THREE TYPES Command Line Menu Driven Graphical User Interface (GUI)
User Interfaces
A user interface that requires the user to put in special commands line by line to do tasks.
Eg. MS-DOS, UNIX DISADVANTAGES
◦ Requires knowledge of the commands ADVANTAGES
◦ Tasks can be executed very quickly once the commands are known.
Command Driven Interface
Interface where the user can select multiple commands from one or more menus
Eg. Turbo Pascal DISADVANTAGES
◦ A lot of options may lead to confusion◦ Some options may not be available
ADVANTAGES◦ User does not have to remember commands
Menu Driven Interface
Interface where images are used to represent the choices a user can make.
Eg. Windows, Linux, MacOS, iOS, Android
ADVANTAGES◦ Easy to understand and learn
DISADVANTAGES◦ Some tasks can take long because there are
many menus to go through to get to one choice
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
MULTITASKING The execution of two tasks at the same time.
MULTIPROCESSING The use of 2 or more CPU’s to execute
different tasks simultaneously
MULTIPROGRAMMING When two or more programs run on the
same processor working one after the other.
Multitasking, Multiprocessing, Multiprogramming
PROCESSING
TYPES OF PROCESSING Batch Processing Online Processing Real Time Processing
Processing
When Data is collected and stored for a period of time and processed after.
Also known as offline processing.
Eg. Salaries in a company, Printing documents, Birth Certificates
Batch Processing
When data is collected and processed immediately and cannot be changed.
Eg. ATM Machines, Flight Bookings, Online reservations
Online Processing
When data is input processed and output continuously. Activities are constantly happening.
Eg. Real time flight bookings, Facebook feeds, Checking criminal records
Real-time processing
TYPE OF PROCESSING
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
BATCH • Saves on time in the long run
• Changes cannot be made easily once batch has not been run.
ONLINE • Takes information and processes it on demand
• Changes are not made as quickly
REAL-TIME • Changes are made instantly
• Requires high processing power
Comparison Table