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fusing (Html.BeginForm ()) ( Your name: @Ht m l .TextBoxFor (x => x.Name) Your email: SHtml.TextBoxFor(x => x.Email) Your phone: SHtml.TextBoxFor (x => x.Phone)Will you attend? @ H t m l .D r o p D o w n L i s t F o r ( x = > x . W i l l A t t e n d , r.ew s e l e c t L i s t l t e m ( ) { T e x t = "No, I c a n ' t c ome", new[] {

new S e l e c t L i s t l t e m () { T e x t = "Yes, I ' l l b e th e r e " , V a l u e = b o o l .T r u e S t r i n g } ,V a l u e = b o o l .F a l s e S t r i n g } }, " C h o o s e a n o p t i o n " )

} B i d s { get; set; ) } pub l i c class B i d ( p u b l i c M e m b e r M e m b e r { get; set; } p u b l i c D a t e T i m e D a t e P l a c e d { get; set; } p u b l i c d e c i m a l B i d A m o u n t { get; set; } }

80

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

, Bid Member. . , Bid ( , , ). , #. , . ( ) , . , , , , . , , , . , SQL Server, ORM. , .

. , . . . , , , , , . . ( ). , , , , , . . , . : Member, Item ( , Bid , Item). 4.2.

4.2. C# M em ber It e m public class MembersRepository { public void AddMember(Member member) { /* */ } public Member FetchByLoginName (string loginName) { /* */ } public void SubmitChanges ( { /* */ } )

}

4. public class ItemsRepository { public void A d d l t e m (Item item) { /* */ } public Item FetchBylD(int itemID) { /* */ } public IList Listltems(int pageSize,int pagelndex) ( /* */ ) public void SubmitChanges( { /* */ } )

81

} , . . , , . 7 MVC, Entity Framework .

, MVC , . , , . . , . . MyEmailSender, , , , , IEmailSender. , , P a s s w o r d R e s e t H e l p e r , , . . 4.7, P a sswordResetHelper M y E m a i l S e n d e r .

. 4 .7 .

IEmailSender, - PasswordResetHelper MyEmailSender. M y E mailSender . ! .

, , , , . , ASP.NET MVC .

82

I ASP.NET 3 .

, - C# , . , . , 4.3.

4.3. public class PasswordResetHelper { public void ResetFassword( { ) IEmailSender mySender = new MyEmailSender(); ...call interface methods to configure e-mail details. . . mySender.SendEmail();

} } . P a s s w o r d R e s e t H e l p e r IEmailSender, , , M y E m a i l S e n d e r . . PasswordResetHelper IEmailSender, MyEmailSender. . 4.8.

. 4.8. , , . (dependency injection DI) (inversion of control IoC). DI , , IEmai l S e n d e r . DI , , , , MVC. DI . Pas s w o r d R e s e t H e l p e r . , 4.4.

4.4. P a s s w o r d R e s e t H e l p e rpublic class PasswordResetHelper { private IEmailSender emailSender;

4. MVC public PasswordResetHelper(IEmailSender emailSenderParam) emailSender = emailSenderParam; (

83

) public void ResetPassword( { ) ... .. . emailSender.SendEmail(); } } PasswordResetHelper MyEmailSender. PasswordResetHelper , IEmailSender, , , . PasswordResetHelper . , IEmailSender, PasswordResetHelper . PasswordResetHelper , , . ! PasswordResetHelper ,

. . . , , . . , .

MVC DI. AdminController, MembersRepository AdminController MembersRepository. , IMembersRepository MembersRepository, , 4.5.

4.5. IM e m b e rs R e p o s ito rypublic interface IMembersRepository { void AddMember(Member member); Member FetchByLoginName(string loginName); void SubmitChanges (); } public class MembersRepository : IMembersRepository { public void AddMember(Member member) { /* */ ) public Member FetchByLoginName(string loginName) ( /* */ } public void SubmitChanges ( ( /* */ } ) }

84

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

, IMembersRepository, 4.6.

4.6. A d m in C o n t r o lle rpublic class AdminController : Controller { IMembersRepository membersRepository; public AdminController(IMembersRepository repositoryParam) membersRepository = repositoryParam; } public ActionResult ChangeLoginName (string oldLoginParam, string newLoginParam) ( Member member = membersRepository.FetchByLoginName(oldLoginParam); me m b e r .LoginName = newLoginParam; membersRepository.SubmitChanges(); // ... - } } & A d m i n C o n t r o l l e r I M e m b e r s Repository . , A d m i nController , , . {

, : . : , ? DI, 1. , , , PasswordResetHelper, , MyEmailSender. DI , , , . , I E mailSender , M y E m a i l S e n d e r , IEmailSender. , I E m a i l S e n d e r , , PasswordResetHelper, DI , MyEmailSender. DI . . Ninject, www.ninject.org. 6. . Microsoft DI Unity. Ninject, MVC. Unity unity.codeplex.com.

4. MVC

85

DI , . DI, Ninject, . . , (, ), . , M yEmailSender INetworkTransport, DI , MyEmailSender IEmailSender. . , ? DI , , ( ), ( ), , HTTP-, . . , INetworkTransport serverName, DI. , , - , .. , DI. C# .NET . DI MVC, , Ninject.

ASP.NET MVC Framework , , . ASP.NET MVC , Visual Studio . . - . , ( ) . , , , - . -. , , , - .

86

I ASP.NET MVC 3 .

, , , - . , , . .

.NET Visual Studio. , MVC ^ In t e r n e t A p p lic a t io n [ - } . #, , , . .

! , 6. , . 4.7 , AdminContoller.ChangeLoginName, 4.6.

4.7. [TestClass] public class AdrainControllerTest { [TestMethod] public void CanChangeLoginName ( { ) // - Member bob = new Member ( { LoginName = "Bob" }; ) FakeMembersRepository repositoryParam = new FakeMembersRepository(); repositoryParam.Members.Add(bob); AdminController target = new AdminController ( r e p o s i t o r y P a r a m ) ; string oldLoginParam = b o b .LoginName; string newLoginParam = "Anastasia"; / / - target.ChangeLoginName(oldLoginParam, newLoginParam); // - Ass e r t .AreEqual(newLoginParam, b o b .LoginName); Ass e r t .IsT r u e (repositoryParam.DidSubmitChanges);

}private class FakeMembersRepository : IMembersRepository ( public List Members = new List(); public bool DidSubmitChanges = false; public void AddMember(Member member) { throw new NotlmplementedException ();

}public Member FetchByLoginName(string loginName) { return M embers.First(m => m.LoginName == loginName);

}

4. MVCpublic v o i d S u b m i t C h a n g e s () {

87

DidSubm itChanges = t ru e ;

} } } C a n C h a n g e L o g i n N a m e . , T e s t M e t h o d , , A d m i n C o n t r o l l e r T e s t T e s t C l a s s . Visual Studio . C a n C h a n g e L o g i n N a m e , // (arrange/act/assert //). ^ , - , , , . , , . , 4.7, I M e m b e r s R e p o s i t o r y , , . B o b , . M e m b e r . , A d m i n C o n t r o l l e r . C h a n g e L o g i n N a m e . . , , A s s e r t . . T e s t () Visual Studio. , . 4.9.

. 4.9.

- A s s e r t , Test Results ( ) . . ! , DI .

. DI, . , , - . , , , , .

88

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

. , FakeMembersRepository, . 6.

"--" (test-driven development TDD), . , , , . , -- (ged-green-refactor). . 1. , . 2. , . . 3. . 4. , . 5. , . 6. . , , .. 7. , , . . , . , , , . - Item, 4.8.

4.8. - Itemusing System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace TheMVCPattern.Models ( public class Item {p u b l i c int I t e m I D{

g et; p r i v a t e set;

}

//

public string Title { get; set; } public string Description { get; set; }public DateTime AuctionEndDate public IList Bids { get; { get; set; } } p r i v a t e set;

public void AddBid(Member memberParam, decimal amountParam) throw new NotlmplementedException();

{

} } }

4. MVC

89

, A d d B i d , , , , . TDD . , . - . . . , , 4.9.

4.9. [ T e s t M e t h o d ()] public void C a n A d d B i d O { // Item t a r g e t = n e w Item(); M e m b e r m e m b e r P a r a m = n e w M e m b e r (); Decimal a m o u n t P a r a m = 150M; // - target.AddBid(memberParam, amountParam); // - A s s e r t .A r e E q u a l (1, t a r g e t .B i d s .C o un t ()); A s s e r t . A r e E q u a l ( a m o u n t P a r a m , t a r g e t .B i d s [0].B i d A m o u n t ) ; } [ T e s t M e t h o d ()] [ E x p e c t e d E x c e p t i o n ( t y p e o f ( I n v a l i d O p e r a t i o n E x c e p t i o n ) )] p u b l i c v o i d C a n n o t A d d L o w e r B i d () ( // Item t a r g e t = n e w I t e m ( ) ; M e m b e r m e m b e r P a r a m = n e w M e m b e r (); D ecimal a m o u n t P a r a m = 150M; // t a r g e t .A d d B i d ( m e m b e r P a r a m , a m o u n t P a r a m ) ; t a r g e t .A d d B i d ( m e m b e r P a r a m , a m o u n t P a r a m - 10); } [ T e s t M e t h o d ()] p u b l i c v o i d C a n A d d H i g h e r B i d () { // Item ta r g e t = n e w I t e m O ;Member f ir s t M e m b e r new Member ( ) ;

M e m b e r s e c o n d M e m b e r = n e w M e m b e r (); D ecimal a m o u n t P a r a m = 150M; // target.AddBid(firstMember, amountParam); t a r g e t . A d d B i d ( s e c o n d M e m b e r , a m o u n t P a r a m + 10); // A s s e r t . A r e E q u a l (2, t a r g e t .B i d s .C o u n t ()); A s s e r t . A r e E q u a l ( a m o u n t P a r a m + 10, t a r g e t .B i d s [1].B i d A m o u n t ) ; }

90

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

, . "//, , . C annotAddLowerBid , , ExpectedException. ! , ,

CannotAddLowerBid, AddBid. , , , System.InvalidOperationException. .

, , . 4.10.

. 4.10. A d d B i d (. 4.10).

4.10. A d d B idusing System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace TheMVCPattern.Models { public class Item { public int ItemID { get; private set; } II public string Title { get; set; } public string Description { get; set; } public DateTime AuctionEndDate { get; set; } public IList Bids { get; set; } public Item() { Bids = new List();

}public void AddBid(Member memberParam, decimal amountParam) Bids .Add (new Bid ( { ) BidAmount = amountParam, DatePlaced = DateTime.Now, Member = memberParam {

}) ; } } }

4. MVC

91

Item AddBid. , Item Bid. , . 4.11.

. 4 .1 1 .

. , CannotAddLowerBid. , . , , 4.11.

4.11. A d d B idusing System; using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;

namespace TheMVCPattern. Models { public class Item { public int ItemID { get; private set; } // public string Title { get; set; } public string Description { get; set; } public DateTime AuctionEndDate { get; set; } public IList Bids { get; set; } public Item() { Bids = new List(); } public void AddBid(Member memberParam, decimal amountParam) {if (Bids.Count() == 0 | | amountParam > Bids.Max(e => e . BidAmount)) {

Bids.Add(new B i d ( { ) BidAmount = amountParam, DatePlaced = DateTime.Now, Member = memberParam }) ;} else { throw new InvalidOperationException("Bid amount too low");

} } } }

92

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

, , , . In v a l i d O p e r a t i o n E x c e p t i o n , .

! LINQ(Language Integrated Query ). , LINQ -, ( =>). C# 5.

A d d B i d . . 4.12.

. 4.12. , , . , , , , * . , . TDD. , , , , , . , . , , , - .

, , . , , : , . . , . - . , -, .

4.

93

, , . ASP.NET MVC , , , . Microsoft , , , . MVC . .

- . - , , . " , .NET. Selenium RC (h t t p : / / s e l e n i u m h q . o r g / ), Java, Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari Opera, .NET, Python, Ruby , . Selenium ; Java. WatiN (h t t p : / / w a t i n . s o u r c e f o r g e . n e t / ) .NIST, Internet Explorer Firefox. API , Selenium, , ( ). . , , , . , . - , , JavaScript , , . . . . , . , , . , . , , , . , -

94

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

, , . . , , , . ASP.NET MVC Framework , , , , MVC. , , -, MVC.

MVC , . . (DI), , . , DI . TDD , . , , .

5

C # , , , . #, M V C . . C # L IN Q C# 2010: ( , 2 0 1 0 .) LINQ:

C# 2010 ( , 2 0 1 1 .). C # . , Razor , M V C 3. Razor A S P X , M V C A S P .N E T W e b Forms. Razor A S P X , - M V C 3, Razor. , , Razor, , .

C# #, , , . , , Console Application ( ) Visual Studio. System .Console .

C # , . 5.1 Product.

96

I. A S P .N E T M VC 3

5.1. p u b l i c c l a s s Product { p r i v a t e s t r i n g name;p u b l i c s t r i n g Name { g e t { r e t u r n nam e; } s e t { name = v a l u e ; }

}

, N a m e , . g e t ( (getter)) , s e t ( v a l u e ) . , (. 5.2).

5 .2 . using System;

c l a s s Program { s t a t i c v o i d M a i n (s t r i n g [ ] a r g s )

{

// P r o d u c t Product myProduct = new Product 0 ; // m y P r o d u c t . Name = " K a y a k " ;//

s t r i n g p r o d u c t N a m e = m y P r o d u c t .N a m e ; C o n s o l e .W r i t e L i n e (" P r o d u c t n a m e : {0}", p r o d u c t N a m e ) ;

} } , . , get set , , . , , , (get) (set) . , 5.3.

5 .3 . p u b l i c c l a s s Product { p r i v a t e i n t productID; p r i v a t e s t r i n g name; private strin g description; p r i v a t e decimal p r i c e ; p riva te s trin g category; p u b l i c i n t ProductID { g e t { return productID; } set { productID = valu e; }

}

5. p u b l i c s t r i n g Name { g e t { r e t u r n name; } s e t { name = v a l u e ; } } public strin g Description { g e t { return d e s c r ip t io n ; } set { description = value; } } . . . . . . . . }

97

, . , . (. 5.4).

5.4. p u b lic c la s s P ro d u c t { p u b l i c i n t ProductID { g e t ; s e t ; } p u b l i c s t r i n g Name { g e t ; s e t ; } public strin g Description { get; set; } p u b l i c decimal P r i c e { g e t ; s e t ; } p u blic s t r i n g Category { s e t ; g e t; } } . - , . - , , . C# . . , 5.2, - . , , , . - , . , , 5.5.

5.5. p u b l i c c l a s s P r o du c t {p r iv a te s t r i n g ;

p u b l i c i n t ProductID { g e t ;

set;

}

p u b l i c s t r i n g Name { g e t { r e t u r n P r o d u c t ID + n a m e ;} s e t { name = v a l u e ; }

} public strin g Description { get; set; } p u b l i c decimal P r i c e { g e t ; s e t ; } pu blic s t r i n g Category { s e t ; g e t; } }

98

I. ASP.N ET MVC 3

! , , . C# .

, 5.6.

5.6. u s i n g System;class P r o g r a m { static v o i d M a i n ( s t r i n g [] args)

{

// P r od u c t P r o du c t myProduct = new P r o d u c t ( ) ; * // m y P r o d u c t . P r o d u c t I D = 100; m y P r o d u c t . Name = " K a y a k " ; m y P r o d u c t . D e s c r i p t i o n = "A b o a t f o r one p e r s o n " ; m y P r o d u c t . P r i c e = 275M; myProduct. C ateg or y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " ; // ProcessProduct(myProduct); } p r i v a t e s t a t i c v o i d P r o c e s s P r o d u c t ( P r o d u c t prodParam )/ / . . . -

{

}

P r o d u c t P r o c e s s P r o d u c t , : , , . , , , 5.7.

5.7. c l a s s Program { s t a t i c v o i d M a i n ( s t r i n g [] args) {

// P r o d u c t P r o c e s s P r o d u c t (new P r o d u c t { P r o d u c t I D = 100, Name = " Ka y a k " , D e s c r i p t i o n = "A b o a t f o r one p e r s o n " , P r i c e = 275M, C a t e g o r y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " }) ; } p r i v a t e s t a t i c v o i d P r o c e s s P r o d u c t ( P r o d u c t prodParam)/ / ... -

{

}

)

5.

99

, ( { } } , P r o d u c t , . . P r o d u c t , P r o c e s s P r o d u c t .. P r o d u c t . , 5.8.

5.8. using S y s t e m . C o l l e c t i o n s . G en eri c; c l a s s Program { s t a t i c v o id M a in (s t r in g [ ] args) s t r i n g [] { "orange", { 10, 20, " pl um" 30, };

stringArray = { "apple",

L i s t i n t L i s t = new L i s t 

40 } ; int> {

D i c t i o n a r y < s t r i n g , i n t > myDi ct = new D i c t i o n a r y < s t r i n g , { " a p p l e " , 10 } , { " g r a n g e " , 20 } , { " pl um" , 30 }}; } }

5.8 . C# , .

, , , . 5.9 S h o p p i ng C a r t , P r o d u c t s.

5.9. S h o p p in g C a rtusing S y s t e m . C o l l e c t i o n s . Ge n er ic ; p u b l i c c l a s s S h o pp i n g C a r t { p u b l i c L i s t P r o du c t s { g e t ;}

set;

}

S h o p p i n g C a r t , L i s t P r o d u c t ( ). , P r o d u c t S h o p p i n g C a r t , , , - , . , , 5.10.

100

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

5 .1 0 .

p u b l i c s t a t i c c l a s s MyExt ensi onMet hods { p u b l i c s t a t i c d e c i m a l T o t a l P r i c e s (this S ho ppi n gCar t c a r t Pa r am ) { d e c i m a l t o t a l = 0; fo r e a c h (Product prod in cartP ar am. Pr odu cts ) { t o t a l += p r o d . P r i c e ; } return t o t a l ; } }________________________________________________________________________________________ t h i s , , T o t a l P r i c e s . .NET, S h o p p i n g C a r t . S h o p p i n g C a r t , , c a r t P a r a m . P r o d u c t s S h o p p i n g C a r t P r o d u c t . P r i c e . 5.11.

! , , . , , .

5.11. u s i n g System; using S y s t e m . C o l l e c t i o n s . Ge n eri c; c l a s s Program { s t a t i c v o i d M a i n ( s t r i n g [] a r g s ) { // S ho ppi n g C ar t S h o pp i n g C a r t c a r t = new S ho ppi ngCar t { P r o d u c t s = new L i s t { new P r o du c t {Name = " Ka y a k " , P r i c e = 275M}, new P r o d u c t {Name = " L i f e j a c k e t " , P r i c e = 48. 95M} , new P r o d u c t {Name = " S o c c e r b a l l " , P r i c e = 19. 50M} , new P r od u c t {Name = " C o r n e r f l a g " , P r i c e = 34.95M} } }; // de c i m a l c a r t T o t a l = c a r t .T o t a l P r i c e s ();

C o n sole.W riteLin e ( " T o t a l : { 0 : c } " , } }

cartTotal);

S h o p p i n g C a r t P r o du c t , . , , . , ,

5.

101

S h o p p i n g C a r t . , , . .NET , .. , u s i n g . , 5.11, : Total: $378.40

, , , . 5.12 S h o p p i n g C a r t , I E n u m e r a bl e .

5.12. S h o p p in g C a rtusing S y s t e m . C o l l e c t i o n s ; using S y s t e m . C o l l e c t i o n s . Gen eri c;*

p u b l i c c l a s s S h o p p i n g C a r t : I E nu me r a bl e< Pr od u c t > { p u b l i c L i s t P r o du c t s { g e t ; set; } {

p u b l i c I E n u me r a t o r G et En um e r at o r () r e tu r n P r o d u c t s . GetEnumerator( ) ; } I Enume ra t or I E n u m e r a b l e . G e t E n u m e r a t o r () r e tu r n GetEnumerator( ) ; I } {

, I E n u m e r a b l e (. 5.13).

5.13. , using S y s t e m . C o l l e c t i o n s . Generic; p u b l i c s t a t i c c l a s s My Ext ensi onMet hods { p u b l i c s t a t i c d e c i m a l T o t a l P r i c e s ( t h i s IEnumerable productEnum) d e c i m a l t o t a l = 0; f o r e a c h ( P r o d u c t p r o d i n productEnum) { t o t a l += p r o d . P r i c e ; } return t o t a l ; } } IE n u m e r a b le , , f o r e a c h . . , P r o d u c t s , IE n u m e r a b le , S h o p p in g C a r t, P r o d u c t s (. 5.14). {

1 02

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

5.14. u si n g System; u si n g S y s t e m . C o l l e c t i o n s . G e n e r i c ; c l a s s Program { s t a t i c v o id M a in (s t r in g [ ] args) { // S ho ppi n g C ar t I E n u me r a b l e p r o d u c t s = new S ho ppi n g C a r t { P r o d u c t s = new L i s t { new P r o d u c t {Name = " Ka y a k , P r i c e = 275M}, new P r o d u c t {Name = " L i f e j a c k e t " , P r i c e = 48. 95M} , new P r o du c t {Name = " S o c c e r b a l l " , P r i c e = 19. 50M} , new P r o du c t {Name = " Co r n e r f l a g " , P r i c e = 34.95M} } }; // P r o d u c t P r od u c t [ ] p r o d u c t A r r a y = { new P r o d u c t {Name = " Ka ya k " , P r i c e = 275M}, new P r o d u c t {Name = " L i f e j a c k e t " , P r i c e = 48. 95M} , new P r o d u c t {Name = " S o c c e r b a l l " , P r i c e = 19. 50M} , new P r o d u c t {Name = " C o r n e r f l a g " , P r i c e = 34.95M} }; // decimal c a r t T o t a l = p r o d u c t s . T o t a l P r i c e s ( ) ; d e c i m a l a r r a y T o t a l = p r o d u c t s . T o t a l P r i c e s () ; C onsole.W riteLine("C art T o t a l: { 0 : c } " , c a r tT o ta l); C on s ole .W rite L in e ( "Array T o t a l : { 0 : c } " , a rr a y T o ta l); } }

! I E n u m e r a b l e < T > C# . MSDN. , , #, . , . , #. , . , 5.14, , , , P r o d u c t : Cart T o t a l : Array T o t a l : $378.40 $378.40

, . , I E nu me r a bl e< T > I E nu me r a bl e < T> , y i e l d , . 5.15.

5.

103

5.15. public static this foreach if IEnum erable F ilterByCategory( string categoryParam ) { IEnum erable< Product> (Product prod in == productEnum, { {

productEnum) categoryParam)

(p r o d .C a t e g o r y yield return

prod;

} }

} F ilterB y C atego ry

,

. P r o d u c t , C a t e g o r y , I E n u m e r a b l e , , . 5.16.

5.16. using using class System ; S y s t e m .C o lle c t io n s . G en eric; Program void { M a i n ( s t r i n g [] args) { ShoppingCart new ShoppingCart {

static / /

= {

IEnum erable< Product> Products new = new

products

List {Name = "K ay ak",

Product

Category

=

"W a te rsp o rts", "W atersp o rts", = = "S o c c er", So ccer",

Price Price Price Price

=

275M }, = 4 8 .9 5 M },

new P r o d u c t new new Product Product

{Name = {Name {Nam e = =

"Lifejacket", "So ccer "C orn er

Category =

b all", fla g ",

Category Category

= =

1 9 .5 0 M }, 3 4 .9 5 M }

}

} ;foreach (Product prod in products. {0},

F i l t e r ByCategory("Soccer" ) )Price { l :c }", p r o d .N a m e ,

{

C o n s o le .W r i t e L i n e ("N a m e:

p r o d .P r ic e );

}} F i l t e r B y C a t e g o r y S h o p p i n g C a r t P r o d u c t , S o c c e r . :Name: Name: Soccer Corner ball, flag, Price Price $ 1 9 .5 0 $ 3 4 .9 5

, , . , P r o d u c t , S o c c e r , T o t a l P r i c e s , P r i c e , 5.17.

5.17. decim al total = p r o d u c t s . F ilt e r B y C a te g o r y ("S o c c e r ") . T o t a l P r i c e s (); to tal: {0:c}", total);

C on sole.W r it e L in e ("F ilt e r e d

104

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

: F i l t e r e d t o t a l : $54.45

- F i l t e r B y C a t e g o r y , . , P r o d u c t , (. 5.18).

5.18. p u b l i c s t a t i c I E n u me r a bl e F i l t e r ( t h i s I E n u me r a b l e productEnum,F u n c selectorParam) {

f o r e a c h ( P r o d u c t p r o d i n productEnum) i f (selectorParam (prod)) { y i e l d r e tu r n prod; } } }

{

Fun , . P r o d u c t b o o l , t r u e , P r o d u c t . 5.19.

5.19. Funcu s i n g System; using S y s t e m .C o ll e c t io n s .Generic; c l a s s Program { s t a t i c v o i d M a i n ( s t r i n g [] a r g s ) {

// S ho ppi ngCar t I E n u me r a b l e p r o d u c t s = new S ho ppi n gCar t { P r o d u c t s = new L i s t { new P r o d u c t {Name = " Ka ya k " , C a t e g o r y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " , P r i c e = 275M}, new Pr oduct {Name = " L i f e j a c k e t " , Ca t eg o r y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " , P r i c e = 48.95M}, new P r o d u c t {Name = " S o c c e r b a l l " , C a t e g o r y = " S o c c e r " , P r i c e = 19. 50M} , new P r o d u ct {Name = " C o r n e r f l a g " , C a t e g o r y = " S o c c e r " , P r i c e = 34.95M}

}

} ;F u n c c a t e g o r y F i l t e r = d e l e g a t e ( P r o d u c t prod) r e t u r n p r o d .C a t e g o r y = = "Soccer"; {

} ;I E n u m e r a b l e f i l t e r e d P r o d u c t s = p r o d u c t s .F i l t e r ( c a t e g o r y F i l t e r ) ;

fo r e a c h (Product prod in f i l t e r e d P r o d u c t s ) { Console.WriteLine("Nam e: { 0} , P rice: { l : c } " ,

prod. Name, p r o d . P r i c e ) ;

}}}

5.

105

, Produ ct , , Fun , . -, . , 5 .2 0 .

5.20. - F u n c c a t e g o r y F i l t e r = prod => prod.Category == "Soccer"; I E nu me r a b l e f i l t e r e d P r o d u c t s = p r o d u c t s . F i l t e r ( c a t e g o r y F i l t e r ) ; - . , . => - .

Pr od u ct , prod, b o o l , , C a t e g o r y prod Soccer. ,

Func, 5 .2 1 .

5.21. - FuncI E nu me r a b l e f i l t e r e d P r o d u c t s = p r o d u c t s . F i l t e r ( pr o d => p r o d. C a t e g o r y == " S o c c e r " ) ; -

F i l t e r . , . , - ( . 5 .2 2 ).

5.22. , -I En u me r a b l e f i l t e r e d P r o d u c t s = p r o d u c t s . F i l t e r ( p r o d => p r o d . C a t e g o r y == " S o c c e r " | p r o d . P r i c e > 2 0 ) ; |

- -. , :prod => E v a l u a t e P r o d u c t ( p r o d )

- , , , :(prod, count) => p r o d . P r i c e > 20 & count > 0 &

, , - , , , ({}) r e t u r n , :(prod, count) => {//. . .

return r e s u l t ;

} - , , . , .

106

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

v a r C# , 5.23. .

5.23. var m y V a r i a b l e = new Pr o d u c t { N a m e = "Kayak", s tring name = m y V a r i a b l e .Name; int count = m y V a r i a b l e .C o u n t ;

C a t e g o r y = "Watersports", // //

Price = 275 M };

, m y V a r i a b l e . , . , Product.

, . 5.24.

5.24. var m y A n o n T y p e = new { Name = "MVC", C a t e g o r y = "Pattern"

} ;C o n s o l e . W r i t e L i n e ( " N a m e : {0}, Type: {1}", myAnonType.Name, m y A n o n T y p e .C a t e g o r y ) ;

m y A n o n T y p e . , , JavaScript. . - . , , . C# . , , . , , 5.25.

5.25. var o d d s A n d E n d s new { N ame = new { N ame = new { N a m e = = n e w [] { "MVC", C a t e g o r y = "Pattern"}, "Hat", C a t e g o r y = "Clothing"}, "Apple", C a t e g o r y = "Fruit"}

};foreach (var i t e m in oddsAndEnds) { C o n s o l e .W r i t e L i n e ("Name : {0}", item.Name);

}

5.

1 07

, v a r . , , , . , , Name . , . , , , .

LINQ LINQ. LINQ . .NET. LINQ, . LINQ S Q L - . , P r o d u c t . LINQ, , 5.26.

5.26. LINQu s i n g System; using S y s t e m . C o l l e c t i o n s . G en eri c; c l a s s Program { s t a t i c v o i d M a i n ( s t r i n g [] a r g s ) {

P r o d u c t [] p r o d u c t s = { new P r o du c t {Name = " K a y a k " , C a t e g o r y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " , P r i c e = 275M), new Pr oduct {Name = " L i f e j a c k e t " , C a t e g o r y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " , P r i c e = 48.95M}, new P r o d u ct {Name = " S o c c e r b a l l " , C a t e g o r y = " S o c c e r " , P r i c e = 19. 50M} , new P r o du c t {Name = " C o r n e r f l a g " , C a t e g o r y = " S o c c e r " , P r i c e = 34.95M} }; // P r o d u c t [] r e s u l t s = new P r o d u c t [ 3 ] ; // A r r a y . S o r t ( p r o d u c t s , ( i t e m l , i t em2 ) => { re tu r n Comparer. D e f a u l t . C o m p a r e (i t e m l . P r i c e , });

item2. P r i c e ) ;

// A r r a y . C o p y ( p r o d u c t s , r e s u l t s , 3) ; // foreach (Product in r e s u l t s ) { C o n s o l e .W r it e L in e ( "Item: { 0} , Cost: } } } LIN Q , 5.27.

{1}",

p.Name, p . P r i c e ) ;

108

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

5.27. LINQ u s i n g System; using System .Linq; c l a s s Program { s t a t i c v o i d M a i n ( s t r i n g [] a r g s ) { P r o d u c t [] p r o d u c t s = { new P r od u ct {Name = " K a y a k " , C a t e g o r y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " , P r i c e = 275M}, new Pr oduct {Name = " L i f e j a c k e t " , C a t e g o r y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " , P r i c e = 48.95M}, new P r od u ct {Name = " S o c c e r b a l l " , C a t e g o r y = " S o c c e r " , P r i c e = 19. 50M} , new P r o du c t {Name = " C o r n e r f l a g " , C a t e g o r y = " S o c c e r " , P r i c e = 34.95M} };v a r r e s u lt s = fro m p ro d u c t in { p ro d u c ts d e s c e n d in g o rd e rb y p r o d u c t . P r ic e s e le c t new p r o d u c t.N a m e , p r o d u c t . P r ic e

>; i n t co unt = 0; // foreach (var p in r e s u lt s ) { Co n sole.W r i t e L i n e ( "Item : i f ( ++co unt == 3) { break; } } } }

{0},

Cost:

{1}",


. S Q L - . P r o d u c t s e l e c t , , , . LINQ . , P r o d u c t , . , . , LINQ .

, , . P r o d u c t 5.28.

5.28. LINQu s i n g System; using System .Linq ; c l a s s Program { s t a t i c v o i d M a i n ( s t r i n g [] a rg s) { Pr od u c t [] p r o d u c t s = { new P r o du c t {Name = " K a y a k " , C a t e g o r y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " , P r i c e = 275M}, new Pr oduct {Name = " L i f e j a c k e t " , C a t e g o r y = " W a t e r s p o r t s " , P r i c e = 48.95M}, new P r o d u c t {Name = " S o c c e r b a l l " , C a t e g o r y = ' S o c c e r " , P r i c e = 19. 50M} , new P r o d u c t {Name = " C o r n e r f l a g " , C a t e g o r y = " S o c c e r " , P r i c e = 34.95M} };

5. v a r r e s u lt s = p ro d u c ts . O r d e r B y D e s c e n d in g ( = > e . P r i c e ) . T a k e (3 ) . S e l e c t (e = > new { e .N a m e , e . P r i c e

109

}) ;

foreach (var p in r e s u l t s ) { C o n s o l e . W r i t e L i n e ( " I t em: } } }

{0},

Cost:

{1}",


, , LINQ, , , , LINQ #. LINQ . LINQ, 5.28, I E n u m e r a b l e < T > I E n u m e r a b l e < T > , .

! LINQ Sys t em. L I N Q , u s i n g , . O r d e r B y D e s c e n d i n g . - , . ( ). S e l e c t , . , Name P r i c e . , . C# , , S e l e c t . LIN Q . 5.1. LIN Q , , , . LINQ, . 5.1, I E n u me r a b l e < T > .

5.1. LINQ Any Contains Count First FirstOrDefault

t r u e , t ru e , , , t ru e , ,

110

I. ASP.NET MVC 3 . 5.1

Last L a s tO r D e fa u lt

, , - , - , , , , , , ,

M ax M in O rd e rB y O rd e rB y D e s c e n d in g R e v e rs e S e le c t S e le c tM a n y

S in g le

S in g le O r D e f a u l t

S k ip S k ip W h ile Sum Take T a k e W h ile T o A rra y T o D ic t io n a r y T o L is t W here

UNO , . 5.1 . LINQ. , , , IE n u m e r a b le < T > , 5.29.

5.29. LINQ u s in g S y s te m ; u s in g S y s t e m .L in q ; c la s s P ro g ra m { s t a t i c v o id M a i n ( s t r i n g [] a r g s ) {

5.

111

Product[ products = { ] new Product {Name = "Kayak", Category = "Watersports", Price = 275M}, new Product (Name = "Lifejacket", Category = "Watersports", Price = 48.95M}, new Product (Name = "Soccer ball", Category = "Soccer", Price = 19.50M), new Product {Name = "Corner flag", Category = "Soccer", Price = 34.95M) }; var results = products .OrderByDescending(e => e.Price) .Take(3) .Select(e => new { e.Name, e.Price }); products[2] = new Product { Name = "Stadium", Price = 79500M }; foreach (var p in results) { Console.WriteLine("Item: (0), Cost: {1)", p.Name, p.Price); ) ) _______________________________

Product, , . , Product, . : Item: Stadium, Cost: 79500 Item: Kayak, Cost: 275 Item: Lifejacket, Cost: 48.95 , , , S t a d i u m Product . , LINQ. 5.30.

5.30. LINQusing System; using System.Linq; class Program { static void Main(string [] args) { Product[ products = { ] new Product {Name = "Kayak", Category = "Watersports", Price = 275M}, new Product {Name = "Lifejacket", Category = "Watersports", Price = 48.95M}, new Product {Name = "Soccer ball", Category = "Soccer", Price = 19.50M}, new Product {Name = "Corner flag", Category = "Soccer", Price = 34.95M} }; var results = products.Sum (e => e.Price); products[2] = new Product { Name = "Stadium", Price = 79500M }; Console.WriteLine("Sum: } } {0:c}", results);

112

I. ASP.NET MVC 3Sum

Sura: $378.40 , .Stadium ,

:

,

, LINQ, , . 5.31.

5.31. using System; using System.Linq; class Program { static void Main (string [] args)

{

Product[ products = { ] new Product (Name = "Kayak", Category = "Watersports", Price = 275M}, new Product (Name = "Lifejacket", Category = "Watersports", Price = 48.95M}, new Product {Name = "Soccer ball", Category = "Soccer", Price = 19.50M}, new Product {Name = "Corner flag", Category = "Soccer", Price = 34.95M} }; var results = products .OrderByDescending(e => e.Price) .Take (3) .Select(e => new { e.Name, e,Price }); foreach (var p in results) { Console.WriteLine("Item: {0}, Cost: {1}", p.Name, p.Price); } Console.WriteLine("---End of results---"); products[2] = new Product { Name = "Stadium", Price = 79500M }; foreach (var p in results) { Console.WriteLine("Item: {0}, Cost:}

{1}", p.Name, p.Price);

}

> , LINQ, . , . : Item: Kayak, Cost: 275 Item: Lifejacket, Cost: 48.95 Item: Corner flag, Cost: 34.95 - End of results--Item: Stadium, Cost: 79500 Item: Kayak, Cost: 275 Item: Lifejacket, Cost: 48.95 - End of results---

5.

113

, . , - L1NQ. , , , . , , , .

LINQ IQ u e r y a b le < T > LINQ, . LINQ to Objects, . LINQ to Objects #, . LINQ to XML , XML-. LINQ LINQ to Objects, . LINQ to Entities, LINQ , Entity Framework. , Entity Framework ORM- Microsoft, ADO.NET. 0RM , #, , . Entity Framework LINQ to Entities , , LINQ, IQ u eryable. lQ u e ry a b le < T > IE n u m erable , . SQL Server. lQ u erya b le< T > . LINQ , (, XML, ..). IQ u erya b le< T > , , .

RazorRazor MVC 3. ASP.NET -, , . , ASPX , ASP.NET. Razor MVC , @ , . , . Razor, , . Razor, . Razor .

114

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

Razor, M VC. , 3, M V C 3. Razor.

, Product. Product.cs Models 5.32.

5,32. namespace Razor.Models { public class Product { public public public public public } } Product, . int ProductID { get; set; } string Name { get; set; } string Description { get; set; } decimal Price { get; set; } string Category { set; get; }

Controllers Add (), Controller (). ProductController (Controller name) Empty controller ( ) Template (), . 5.1.

. 5 .1 . P r o d u c t C o n t r o l l e r

5 .

115

A dd (), C o n t r o l l e r , , 5.33.

5.33. using System.Web.Mvc; using Razor.Models; namespace Razor.Controllers { public class ProductController : Controller { public ActionResult Index!) { Product myProduct = new Product { ProductID = 1, Name = "Kayak", Description = "A boat for one person", Category = "Watersports", Price = 275M

} ;return View(myProduct);

) } ____________________________________________________________________ Razor, M V C . Index P roduct View . )

, Index ProductController Add View ( ). Create a stro n g ly ty p e d view ( ) P ro d u ct (Razor. M odels), . 5.2.

. 5 .2 . Index

116

I ASP.NET MVC 3 .

! Product , . Visual Studio , .

Use a layout or m aster page ( ). , . Add (), , Views/Product Index.cshtml.

MVC, URL- / Index Product. Global.asax RegisterRoutes. routes.MapRoute. , controller, Default Product, 5.34.

5.34, routes.MapRoute( "Default", // "{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL new { controller = "Product", action = "Index", id = UrIParameter.Optional }

); , controller, Default Product . . 11.

Razor Razor .cshtml, .aspx, MVC ASP.NBT Web Forms. MVC 3 - ASPX, Razor, , , MVC Microsoft. Index.cshtml , , 5.35. Razor.

5.35. Razor@model R a z o r . M o d e l s . P r o d u c t@{

View Bag. T itle

= "In d ex ";

} In dex< /h 2>

, , 5.35, . : Smodel Razor.Models.Product

5.

117

Razor 0. , @model. 3, . , @Model, 5.36. 5.36. Srnodel Razor.Models.Product0{

ViewBag.Title = "Index";

} Name: 0Model. Name , Razor , , . , m (@model), (SModel). ( S ta r t Debugging ( ) Debug () Visual Studio), , . 5.3.

. 5.3. 5.36

Razor 5.36 , Razor , :Name: @ M o d e l. Nam e

, . #, 5.37. 5.37, RazorSmodel Raz o r .M o d e l s .Product0{V ie w B a g .T itle = "Ind ex";

}Name: 0 M o d e l . Nam e 0 D a t e T i m e . N o w . T o S h o r t T i m e S t r i n g ()

Time v i e w r e n d e r e d :

. Razor HTML- . 0Model , , 5.37 .

118

I ASP.NET MVC 3 .

Razor . #, 5.38.

5.38. 0model R a z o r .M o d e l s .Product @{View Bag.T it le = "Ind ex";

}Name: 0 M o d e l .N am e < / h 2 >

@if (Model.Category == "Watersports") { 0Model.Category Splash!

}Time v i e w rendered: S D a t e T i m e .N o w . T o S h o r t T i m e S t r i n g ( )

if, , C a t e g o r y P r o d u c t W a t e r s p o r t s . Razor , , i f HTML-, , . -, . 5.4.

. 5.4. if

, HTML-, Razor . 5.39.

5.39. , HTML-Smodel R a z o r .M o d e l s .Product 0{ V i e w B a g .Title = "Index";

Name: S M o d e l .N a me < / h 2 > 0if (S M o d e l .C a t e g o r y == "Watersports") { 0:Category: S M o d e l .C a t e g o r y S p l a s h !

) Time view rendered: S D a t e T i m e .N o w .T o S h o r t T i m e S t r i n g ( )

5.

119

, H T M L -, . @: Razor, , H T M L - , Razor, . . 5.5.

. 5.5. , H T M L -, t e x t , 5.40. @:.

5.40. T e x tSmodel R a z o r . M o d e l s . P r o d u c t

@{View Bag. T itle = "Ind ex";

}Name: Sif S M o d e l . Nam e< /h2> "W atersports") ( (S M o d e l.C a te g o r y ==

Category: SModel.Category Splash! Row, row, row your boat, Gently down the stream...

} Time v i e w rendered: S D a t e T i m e . N o w . T o S h o r t T i m e S t r i n g ()

t e x t - Razor HTM L. @:, . . 5.6.

. 5 .6 . t e x t

120

I. ASP.NET MVC 3

, @{ }. 5.41. 5 .4 1 .

0model Razor.Models.Product@{

ViewBag.Title = "Index";}

Name: SModel.Name@{

if (Model.Category == "Watersports") { Category: @Model.Category Splash!

}if (Model.Price > 1 0 ) Pricey! {

})

i f , . . 5.7.

. 5 .7 .

, . ( ), .

ViewBag , ViewData . ViewBag. Product 5.42.

5 .4 2 . V ie w B a g using System; using System.Web.Mvc; using Razor.Models;namespace R a z o r .Controllers {

5. public class ProductController : Controller { public ActionResult Ind e x ( { ) Product myProduct = new Product { ProductID = 1, Name = "Kayak", Description = "A boat for one person", Category = "Watersports", Price = 275M

121

} ;ViewBag.ProcessingTime = DateTime.N o w .ToShortTimeString(); return View(myProduct); } ) } ViewBag , . P r o c e s s i n g T i m e , . ViewBag , 5.43.

5.43. V ie w B a g 0model Raz o r .M o d e l s .Product

0{ViewBag.Title = "Index";

}Name: @Model.Name 0{ if (Model.Category == "Watersports") { Description: SModel.Description (Splash!) Category: @Model.Category } else { @ :Description: SModel.Description } } View rendered at SViewBag.ProcessingTime . 5.8. . 5 .8 . V ie w B a g 122 I ASP.NET MVC 3 . ViewBag ViewData , , . , , Visual Studio, :@{ViewBag.Title = "Index"; } , Index Title. , . , , Visual Studio, . Add View ( ), (. 5.9).. 5 .9 . Razor , _viewstart. Views M VC, _ViewStart.cshtml, 5.44. 5.44. _ V i e w S t a r t . c s h t m l@ {Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } M V C _ViewStart.cshtml , . , _L a y o u t . c s h t m l Views/Shared. ! , ( _) , , . , Visual Studio, , M V C . , , , . - 5. 123, , ViewBag Index. _Layout.cshtml 5.45. 5.45. _ L a y o u t .c s h t m l @ViewBag.Title rel="stylesheet" 0RenderBody( ) - ASPX. ViewBag.Title, Index, H T M L - title. A S P X Razor @ R enderBody (). -, Razor H T M L -, , . H T M L -, Index HTML- body. Razor . Use layout or master page , , 5.46. 5.46. , 0{Layout = null; IndexNoTemplate - , , H T M L -, html, hea d body.124 I. ASP.NET MVC 3 , Layout n ull. , _V iew S tart. cshtml - . , M VC. LINQ, . , LINQ, M VC. Razor, M V C 3. Razor , A S P X - , , , , , . , M V C . *6, MVC , MVC. : DI, . , . , . , , . 4, DI Ninject. , . , , Ninject . , , , DI Ninject . Ninject , Unity Microsoft. , Visual Studio 2010. , NUnit, .NET. NUnit, , Visual Studio 2010 , (integrated development environment IDE) . Moq, . Moq , . Moq, ; . , . , Rhino Mocks . . , , , .12 6 I. ASP.NET MVC 3 Ninject DI 4. , M VC, DI. 6.1 , , . 6.1. , public class Product { public int ProductID { get; set; ) public string Name ( get; set; } public string Description { get; set; } public decimal Price { get; set; } public string Category { set; get; } } public interface IValueCalculator { decimal ValueProducts(params Product[] products); ) public class LinqValueCalculator : IValueCalculator { public decimal ValueProducts(params Product!] products) return p roducts.Sum (p => p.Price);(} } Product , 5. I V a l u e C a l c u l a t o r , P r o d u c t . LinqValueCalculator, S um LINQ, Price Product. , IValueCalculator, DI. 6.2. 6.2. I V a l u e C a l c u l a t o rpublic class ShoppingCart ( private IValueCalculator calculator; public ShoppingCart(IValueCalculator calcParam) ( calculator = calcParam; ) public decimal CalculateStockValue( ( ) // Product[] products = ( new Product ( { Name = "Kayak", Price = 275M), ) new Product!) { Name = "Lifejacket", Price = 48.95M], new Product ( ( Name = "Soccer ball", Price = 19.50M}, ) new Product ( { Name = "Stadium", Price = 79500M} )};// decimal totalValue = calculator.ValueProducts(products); // return totalValue; ) 6 , .127 . (DI) S h o p p i n g C a r t IValueCalculator . C a l c u l a t e S t o c k V a l u e Product, ValueProducts IValueCalculator, , . . 6.1, , Sh o ppingCart LinqValueCalculator.. 6.1. S h o p p i n g C a r t LinqValueCalculator IValueCalculator, S h o p p i n g C a r t LinqValueCalculator; , LinqValueCalculator. L i n q V a l u e C a l c u l a t o r IValueC a l c u l a t o r , S h o p p i n g C a r t . ! Prod u c t . . Product , , . MVC, Product. ShoppingCart IValueCalculator . Ninject DI. Ninject , Visual Studio. .

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