Assumes events are governed by some lawful order◦ Based on belief there are consistencies

What could you see as difficulties in transferring this approach to human behavior?

1. Measurement System◦ Techniques must be devised to measure behavior

2. Understand and Predict◦ Hypothesis- A statement (prediction) about two or more

variables.

◦ Variables- Any measurable conditions, events, characteristics, or behaviors controlled or observed in study.

3. Application and Control◦ Can apply findings to real-world problems◦ Examples?

Research leads to theories:◦ Theory- A system of interrelated ideas used to explain

set of observations. Equate with theories formed in own lives

1.) Formulate Testable Hypothesis 2.)Select Research Method and Design

Study 3.) Collect Data 4.) Analyze Data and Draw Conclusions 5.) Report Findings

Must be formulated precisely

Variables must be clearly defined with operational definitions

Operational Definition- A statement of the procedures or ways a researcher is going to measure behavior or qualities. (e.g. what is meant by each variable in study)◦ Operational Definition Activity

How do we plan to test the hypothesis?

Several methods to choose in psychology

Must make detailed plans for study design◦ Participants- Persons or animals whose behavior is

observed in study How many? Who? Any Restrictions?

Several different methods of data collection- procedures for making empirical observations and measurements.

Must choose best measure to suit what you are studying

Analyzing data often involves complex statistical procedures

Must convert all data into #’s and choose statistical analysis method◦ Example Statistical Output

In drawing conclusions, check to see if results supported or opposed hypothesis

When finished with studies, psychologists present findings to public in a variety of formats.

What types of formats?

Harsh review process