Birth Rates› Advancement in medicine allowed for

longer lives› Overpopulation became a concern

Europe› Overpopulation meant larger markets and

larger armies› Contraceptives were used and enforced by

the local authority or power

Andrew

Chastity Belt - 13th century› One of the first contraceptives› Made of steel and had keys

Condoms- 18th century› Giacomo Casanova first to talk about

condoms› They were first made from linen or animal intestines and later made from rubber

Andrew

Act was passed in 1873› Anthony Comstock, anti-obscenity

Was illegal to send or use any contraceptive device or have any information› Connecticut law “Any person who will use any

drug, medicinal article or instrument for the purpose of preventing conception shall be fined not less than fifty dollars or imprisoned not less than sixty days or more than one year or be both fined and imprisoned”

Andrew

Birth Control Movement

• American sex educator and founder of American Birth Control League•In 1930 opened a family planning clinic in Harlem•Was arrested more than 8 times•1957 she was name Humanist of the Year by American Humanist Association

Andrew

The pill was invented and introduced by the FDA in 1957› By 1962, 2.3 million women were using it.

1973 Legalization of Abortion was passed› Women were freed from unsafe and deadly

options of abortions 1996 Welfare Reform Act

› Government Attempts to Control through Tens of millions of dollar to abstinence education programs

Andrew

Candace

1. Pomegranate- Contain estrogenic hormone [especially

estrone]

2. Date Palm- pollen grains used to encourage fertility

3. Moghat- increases secretion of milk

Candace

Jivaro women› Potent fertility herb

Assured women of conceiving Reversed effects of herbal contraceptives

Stargrass prevents miscarriage Estrogens found in:

› summer wheat› beans

Candace

Women:› At age 30, 75% will get pregnant within one year, and 91%

within four years.› At age 35, 66% will get pregnant within one year, and 84%

within four years.› At age 40, 44% will get pregnant within one year, and 64%

within four years Men:

› 20–39 years old, 90% of the seminiferous tubules contain mature sperm.

› 40–69 years old, 50% of the seminiferous tubules contain mature sperm.

› 80 years old and older, 10% of the seminiferous tubules contain mature sperm

Source: Wikipedia

Candace

Ancient healers and early women physicians realized the importance of nutrition

Modern science is just now “discovering” many of these fertility methods

Candace

Transition from nomadic life to horticulture

Women controlled their own fertility to the amount of resources they had

Food became more easily available Patriarchy became more widespread Regulation of population Men wanted bigger populations

Candace

• Tlingit women of Alaska have report given birth while sleeping.

• Genesis 3:16 “in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children”

Joshua

Anti-morning SicknessAlfalfa Ginger in teaPeach Leaves Seasickness bandsColombo root LavenderPeppermintSpearmintSweet Balm

Joshua

Massages/Heated Water-will tend to make the delivery process easier by

relieving stress

-will train and prepare muscles for the strain of the pregnancy

Joshua

Ultrasound Ultrasonography Maternal serum screening (babies blood) First trimester screening (down syndrome)

Joshua

• Birthing chair• Caesarean Section• Mid-wife• Lamaze technique• Alternative Birth Center

• ` Joshua

Spanking method vs. Suction method Incubator

Joshua

Freezing Sperm In vitro fertilization (IVF) Nadya Suleman aka “Octomom”

Joshua

Around 350 B.C. couples started using Olive Oil as lubricant

Around 655 A.D. Mirrors were introduced as a sexual accessory (Lady Wu Chao)

The first dildos were made of wood or leather Japanese had them

centuries ago

Kamel

1700s – Water –jet spouts.

1869 – First vibrator 1890s- Motion

pictures Mid 1920s Strip-

tease. 1930 –

Development of latex rubber.

Kamel

The Vibrator – British physician Joseph Mortimer Granville.

Kamel

“Anthropologists repeatedly find that men want more children than women do.”

Kamel

Who was in charge of anti-fertility measures in general and contraception?

What is one of the three traditional fertility plants?

Name two herbs used for curing morning sickness.

What were the first dildos made out of?