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Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.1 The plague and Italian cities
Plague in Italian cities, 14th century (death as % population)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
VeronaGenovaMantovaPadovaMonzaLuccaNapoliParmaPescia
BresciaCremona
MilanoCremaComo
BergamoPiacenza
VicenzaReggioVenezia
CarpiFaenza
AlessandriaCarmagnola
ModenaPrato
BolognaFoligno
SienaRoma
PisaTrevisoFirenzeEmpoli
LodiPistoiaFerrara
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.2 Two-period growth representation of a model with three stable equilibria
ΔSt
ΔSt+1
Δ1 Δ3Ώ
b1 b2
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.3 Break points and threshold distances (in km).
Drs
Blabmob
Blow
Bhigh
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.4 Example of non-neutral space
2
1b
mountains
mountains
river c
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.5 Grid of locations in geographical space
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.6 A grid model of Western Europe
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.7 Experimental outcome
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.8 Agglomeration and multi-region simulations
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.8 Agglomeration and multi-region simulations
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figures 6.9 Trade costs and the long run equilibrium when distance matters
a. With inter-regional labor mobility
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0.4 1.4 2.4transport costs
He
rfin
da
hl i
nd
ex
b. Without inter-regional labor mobility
0
0.01
0.02
0.0 0.7 1.4transport costs
Her
finda
hl in
dex
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.10 Trade costs, distance, and initial conditions
a. With inter-regional labor mobility
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 5 10transport costs
Her
finda
hl in
dex
b. Without inter-regional labor mobility
0
0.01
0.02
0 7 14transport costs
Her
finda
hl in
dex
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.11 Similarity between actual distribution and simulated distribution
6.11a: actual distribution 6.11b: simulated distribution, T = 6.181
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 6.12 The peak of agglomeration: a simulated blue banana
