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Comparison of green-house gas emission reduction and cost-effectiveness between two ways of waste-to-energy. — Case study of Tianjin, China. Yu He 1,a , Yuan Wang 1,b , Beibei Yan 1,c , Meng Han 2,d 1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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— Case study of Tianjin, China
Comparison of green-house gas emission reduction and cost-
effectiveness between two ways of waste-to-energy
Yu He1,a, Yuan Wang1,b, Beibei Yan1,c, Meng Han2,d
1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China2Tianjin TEDA Environmental Protection Company Limited, Tianjin, 300350, China
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
目 录Introduction
Calculation methods of GHG
reduction
Cost-benefit analysis of WtE
Conclusions
Sanitary landfill79.4%
Compost1.5%
Incineration19.2%
IntroductionEU-15 emissions data(1990-2007)2.76%→29.7%
China （ 2010）158.05Mt MSW
(Municipal Solid Waste)77.9% for harmless treatment
Waste-to-energy (WtE) :·Generate energy ·Reduce GHG emissions①MSW quantity↑ Fossil fuel↓②GHG emissions ： WtE ↓ Fossil fuel power generation↑
Incineration with electricity (Incineration E)Landfill with landfill gas utilization (Landfill E)
Incineration
Landfill
ElectricityHeat
Steam
Bottom ash
GHG
GHG
Substitution of fossil energy
ElectricityLFG
DisposalLeachate, Fly ash, Flue gas
MSW
Auxiliary fuel and material consumption
Figure: System boundary of waste-to-energy research
Calculation methods of GHG reduction
IPCC & CDM
BASELINE SCENARIO：Using landfill to disposal of MSW, the
LFG generated by solid waste landfill directly discharge to the air without any treatment.
LFG ： 50%CH4 [Global Warming Potential(GWP) 21]
50%CO2 [Biological carbon ， GWP 0]
Mass balance method：
44
5.012/16 CHCH GWPrDOCMSWE
MSW is total amount of MSW which were landfilled, t; DOC is percentage of biodegradable organic carbon contained in MSW, identified by the components of MSW (According to the MSW composition in East Asia provided by IPCC, the DOC was 14.19%); r is decomposition rate of degradable organic carbon in MSW, IPCC recommended as 77%; 16/12 is molecular weight ratio of CH4/C; GWPCH4 is the multiple compared greenhouse effect produced by CH4 to CO2, as 21.
GHG reduction of Incineration EIn the absence of Incineration E projects, CH4
emission from MSW landfill;In the absence of Incineration E projects, the
average CO2 emissions of the local power plant.
fudyelectricitCH EEEEER onincinerati4
eletricityelecticity CEFETE
ONONON GWPEFMSWE222
610
2( ) 44 /12CO j j j j j
jE MSW WF dm CF FCF OF
fudfud CEFFUDE
Eincineration
+ (ETt,t · CEFt)
Fossil carbon
The amount of GHG emission by burning of fossil carbon in MSW :
The amount of GHG emission by combustion of auxiliary fuel:
The amount of GHG emission reductions by Substitution of fossil energy:
GHG reduction of Landfill E
In the absence of Landfill E projects, MSW landfill emissions of CH4;
In the absence of Landfill E projects, the average CO2 emissions of the local power plant.
yelectricitCH EEER 4
eletricityelecticity CEFETE
Cost-benefit analysis of WtEPrivate Environmental
Benefit
Cost
Carbon emission trading
Energy sales
Gate fees / Tipping fees
Local environmental problems
Global environmental problems
Total static investment
O&M cost
Disposal of secondary pollutants：•Bottom ash•Leachate•Fly ash•Flue gas
Figure: System framework for cost-benefit analysis
Calculation methods
t t
E E
NPVCNPVBNPV
Net present value Greenhouse gas emission reduction
Tianjin Shuangkou Landfill Gas Recovery and Electricity Generation Project
Tianjin Binhai Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Power Generation Project
Parameters Landfill Incineration
Total static investment (CNY t-1) 7.03 77.47
O&M cost (MCNY a-1) 8.75 85.29
MSW tipping fee (CNY t-1) 167 167
Total amount of MSW treatment (Mt) 6.6 10
Secondary energy recovery Electricity Electricity, Heat
Credit period (a) 25 20
Revenue gained from electricity (CNY kWh-1) 0.5 0.595Expected CER price (CNY t-1) 67
Discount rate (%) 8Collection rate of CH4 (%) 55.5
Result
GHG reduction per ton MSW
[tCO2e/tMSW]
GHG reduction cost
[CNY/ tCO2e]
Benefit of GHG
reduction [CNY/tCO2e]
Net GHG reduction cost [CNY/tCO2e]
Incineration E 1.21 123.36 33.64 89.72
Landfill E 1.68 10.81 8.78 2.03
ConclusionsSynergistic effect of emissions mitigation:
Incineration E < Landfill E It is because that fossil carbon can emit GHG in incineration
process, such as CO2, and auxiliary fuel is needed to add, as a result of low thermal value of MSW.
Net GHG reduction cost: Incineration E > Landfill E Incineration facilities needs high investment, long funding
cycle and high operation cost. On the contrary, the technique of landfill is mature and the operator is simple, with low investment, high treatment capacity and low cost.
Thank you!
