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Cognition
UNIT 7B: p. 298-312
+Cognition: Thinking
All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
+Organizing Information: Concepts and Prototypes
Bird
Color
Triangle
Motor vehicle
A sentence
A heroic action
A game
A philosopher
A writer
ConceptsDraw or describe each of the
following
+Solving Problems
1) Heuristics and Algorithms: The first one to figure out my password gets an automatic
100% on the next test. How will you go about solving this problem?
2) Insight: Something extraordinarily unusual happened on the 6th of
May, 1978, at 12:34pm. What was it? Can you translate the following into a sentence? 100204180 What occurs once in every minute, twice in every moment,
yet never in a thousand years? Can you translate the following? YYURYYUBICURYY4ME
+Creativity
When I say go, think of as many uses as you can for a paperclip Add up your total
number of uses and divide by two (giving you an average number/minute score
Average score: 4 (8 is unusually high, 12 is very rare, and 16 makes you better than one in a thousand.
Try to think of 4-8 things that might happen if we suddenly had three arms:
+Why we’re not very good at it sometimes...
Fixation—inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective Functional Fixedness exampes
Confirmation Bias: Political connections
+Heuristics: Mental Shortcuts
1) Representative2) Availability3) Anchoring
+Representative Heuristic
Representative Heuristic: To judge the likelihood of
things in terms of how well they represent particular prototypes
Linda is 31, single, outspoken, and very bright. She majored in philosophy in college. As a student, she was deeply concerned with discrimination and other social issues, and she participated in antinuclear demonstrations. Which statement is more likely?
A. Linda is a bank teller
B. Linda is a bank teller and active in the feminist movement.
Aka...stereotyping...we judge people by the likelihood that they fit our representation of groups to which we feel they should belong.
+Complete handout 7B-5
Availability Heuristic: when we base our judgments on how mentally available information is.
+
Write down the last two digits of your student number
Estimate the price of the following items...
+Depth Finder
+Buddha Statue
+Picture of Lincoln
+Bamboo plant
+Raku Plaque
+Anchoring Heuristic
Organize yourselves in the following categories SS # 01-40 SS # 41-70 SS # 71-99
Average your estimates for each item
+Extra help on heuristics...
http://www.thepsychfiles.com/2011/06/heuristics-video-rules-of-thumb-explained-episode-151/