Name_________________________________

LATIN

FORM 8M

S2017 Level 2 Revision Guide

Contents

Page

2

Syllabus [all levels]

3-11

Endings everything you need

12-13

Mnemonics for nouns

14-16

Vocabulary

17-18

Top Tips

19

A+ vocabulary

20

Added guidance

For more detailed practice on particular themes, please ask me.

You will receive practice papers separate to this guide.

Latin Common Entrance Syllabus [from Autumn 2015]

Theme

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Nouns

1st declension puella

2nd declension dominus, puer; bellum

3rd declension rex, civis; corpus, mare

5th declension - res

Adjectives

1st, 2nd declensions

bonus, bona, bonum

miser, misera, miserum

pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum

3rd declension omnis; felix; ingens; regular comparison of adjectives; irregular comparison bonus, malus, magnus, parvus, multus

Pronouns

ego, tu, nos, vos (nominatives

and accusatives only)

declensions of ego, tu, nos, vos, se, is, hic, ille

declensions of qui, idem, ipse, alius

Prepositions

a/ab, ad, contra, cum, de, e/ex,

in (accusative, ablative), per, prope, trans

ante, circum, inter, post, pro, propter, sine, sub, super

Verbs

present, imperfect and perfect indicative active (of all verbs in the defined vocabulary); present infinitive active; imperative active; all regular conjugations (including mixed conjugation)

and sum [1 amo, 2 moneo, 3 rego, 4 audio, 3 capio, sum]

future and pluperfect indicative active; irregular verbs: sum, possum, eo and compounds (indicative, present infinitive, imperative)

present, imperfect, perfect; future and

pluperfect indicative passive; imperfect

subjunctive active and passive: regular/irregular verbs; present and past participles (nominative / accusative only); irregular verbs: fero, volo, nolo

Syntax

agreement; apposition (e.g. the king, Julius, was ruling); complements [e.g. the queen is a woman]; common use of cases; simple prepositions; simple adverbs; simple causal clauses (quod = because); simple temporal [time] clauses (ubi = when); direct questions (-ne); prolative infinitive [infinitive after a verb, e.g. I want to study]

simple concessive clauses (quamquam = although); simple direct questions (nonne, num); prohibitions (noli/nolite = dont); reflexive pronouns

time; place; simple relative clauses; purpose clauses; indirect commands [imperfect subjunctive only]

Vocabulary

Level 1 list

Level 1 + 2 lists

Level 1 + 2 + 3 lists

Numbers

cardinals: 1-10 (declensions

of 1-3 not required); ordinals: 1st-10th

cardinals: 11-20

cardinals: 21-100 and 1000 (declension of milia not required)

Mani-pulation of the language

[English to Latin]

1st and 2nd declension nouns, nominative and accusative singular only; present tense: 1st and 2nd conjugation verbs

1st and 2nd declension nouns: nominative and accusative singular and plural; present and imperfect indicative active tenses: 1st and 2nd conjugation verbs; adjectival agreement of us adjectives only

1st, 2nd and 3rd declension nouns: nominative, accusative, ablative singular/plural; present, imperfect and perfect indicative active tenses of conjugations 1-4; adjectival agreement of us and is adjectives only

Mythology

Jason, Theseus, Perseus, Hercules, The Trojan War, Odysseus

Other

[not needed: we are doing Mythology] History of Rome; Domestic Life; the Army and Britain

Scholarship: nouns: 4th declension [exercitus]; verbs: deponent verbs (future perfect not required); present and past participles, present and perfect infinitive; pluperfect subjunctive active; present infinitive passive; perfect infinitive active and passive; syntax: ablative absolute; indirect statement; cum + imperfect/ pluperfect subjunctive active (= when/since); manipulation of language: all cases of nouns 1-3; present, imperfect and perfect indicative active and passive of conjugations 1-4; prepositions

REVISION LIST LEVEL TWO

A. Verbs

1.Person doing verb

Latin

O

S

T

MUS

TIS

NT

English

I

You (s)

He/she/it

We

You (pl)

They

Grammar name

1st person singular

2nd person singular

3rd person singular

1st person plural

2nd person plural

3rd person plural

Subject

Person doing verb

Object

Person having verb done to them

2.Tense

Tense

Present

Future

Imperfect

Perfect

Pluperfect

[Infinitive]

Example

I love

I am loving

I will love

I was loving

I loved

I have loved

I had loved

To love

3.Conjugations [Groups]

Conjugation

1ST

2ND

3RD

4TH

3TH

TO BE

Verb

AMO

MONEO

REGO

AUDIO

CAPIO

SUM

Vowel

A

E

I/U

I

I

-

3.Present Tense

1st conjugation

2nd conjugation

3rd conjugation

AMO

I love

MONEO

I warn

REGO

I rule

AMAS

You (s) love

MONES

You (s) warn

REGIS

You rule

AMAT

He loves

MONET

He warns

REGIT

He rules

AMAMUS

We love

MONEMUS

We warn

REGIMUS

We rule

AMATIS

You (pl) love

MONETIS

You warn

REGITIS

You rule

AMANT

They love

MONENT

They warn

REGUNT

They rule

4th conjugation

3th conjugation

To be

AUDIO

I hear

CAPIO

I take

SUM

I am

AUDIS

You (s) hear

CAPIS

You (s) take

ES

You (s) are

AUDIT

He hears

CAPIT

He takes

EST

He is

AUDIMUS

We hear

CAPIMUS

We take

SUMUS

We are

AUDITIS

You (pl) hear

CAPITIS

You (pl) take

ESTIS

You are

AUDIUNT

They hear

CAPIUNT

They take

SUNT

They are

4.Infinitive

AMARE

MONERE

REGERE

AUDIRE

CAPERE

ESSE

To love

To warn

To rule

To hear

To take

To be

5.Imperative

Singular

AMA

MONE

REGE

AUDI

CAPE

ES

NOLI

Plural

AMATE

MONETE

REGITE

AUDITE

CAPITE

ESTE

NOLITE

English

Love!

Warn!

Rule!

Hear!

Take!

Be!

Dont!

6.Imperfect

AMABAM

AMABAS

AMABAT

AMABAMUS

AMABATIS

AMABANT

I was loving

You (s) were loving

He was loving

We were loving

You (pl) were loving

They were loving

1st conjug

2nd conjug

3rd conjug

4th conjug

3th conjug

To be

AMABAM

MONEBAM

REGEBAM

AUDIEBAM

CAPIEBAM

ERAM

AMABAS

MONEBAS

REGEBAS

AUDIEBAS

CAPIEBAS

ERAS

AMABAT

MONEBAT

REGEBAT

AUDIEBAT

CAPIESAT

ERAT

AMABAMUS

MONEBAMUS

REGEBAMUS

AUDIEBAMUS

CAPIEBAMUS

ERAMUS

AMABATIS

MONEBATIS

REGEBATIS

AUDIEBATIS

CAPIEBATIS

ERATIS

AMABANT

MONEBANT

REGEBANT

AUDIEBANT

CAPIEBANT

ERANT

7.Future

AMABO

AMABIS

AMABIT

AMABIMUS

AMABITIS

AMABUNT

I will love

You will love

He will love

We will love

You will love

They will love

REGAM

REGES

REGET

REGEMUS

REGETIS

REGENT

I will rule

You will rule

He will rule

We will rule

You will rule

They will rule

WILL-BO

WILL-AM / WILL-ES

1st conjug

2nd conjug

To be

To go

3rd conjug

4th conjug

3th conjug

AMABO

MONEBO

ERO

IBO

REGAM

AUDIAM

CAPIAM

AMABIS

MONEBIS

ERIS

IBIS

REGES

AUDIES

CAPIES

AMABIT

MONEBIT

ERIT

IBIT

REGET

AUDIET

CAPIET

AMABIMUS

MONEBIMUS

ERIMUS

IBIMUS

REGEMUS

AUDIEMUS

CAPIEMUS

AMABITIS

MONEBITIS

ERITIS

IBITIS

REGETIS

AUDIETIS

CAPIETIS

AMABUNT

MONEBUNT

ERUNT

IBUNT

REGENT

AUDIENT

CAPIENT

8.Perfect

I

ISTI

IT

IMUS

ISTIS

ERUNT

I

You (s)

He/she/it

We

You (pl)

They

AMAVI

AMAVISTI

AMAVIT

AMAVIMUS

AMAVISTIS

AMAVERUNT

I loved

I have loved

You (s) loved

He loved

We loved

You (pl) loved

They loved

1st conjug

2nd conjug

3rd conjug

4th conjug

3th conjug

To be

AMAVI

MONUI

REXI

AUDIVI

CEPI

FUI

AMAVISTI

MONUISTI

REXISTI

AUDIVISTI

CEPISTI

FUISTI

AMAVIT

MONUIT

REXIT

AUDIVIT

CEPIT

FUIT

AMAVIMUS

MONUIMUS

REXIMUS

AUDIVIMUS

CEPIMUS

FUIMUS

AMAVISTIS

MONUISTIS

REXISTIS

AUDIVISTIS

CEPISTIS

FUISTIS

AMAVERUNT

MONUERUNT

REXERUNT

AUDIVERUNT

CEPERUNT

FUERUNT

9.Pluperfect had-erat

ERAM

ERAS

ERAT

ERAMUS

ERATIS

ERANT

I

You (s)

He/she/it

We

You (pl)

They

AMAVERAM

AMAVERAS

AMAVERAT

AMAVERAMUS

AMAVERATIS

AMAVERANT

I had loved

You had loved

He had loved

We had loved

You had loved

They had loved

1st conjug

2nd conjug

3rd conjug

4th conjug

3th conjug

To be

AMAVERAM

MONUERAM

REXERAM

AUDIVERAM

CEPERAM

FUERAM

AMAVERAS

MONUERAS

REXERAS

AUDIVERAS

CEPERAS

FUERAS

AMAVERAT

MONUERAT

REXERAT

AUDIVERAT

CEPERAT

FUERAT

AMAVERAMUS

MONUERAMUS

REXERAMUS

AUDIVERAMUS

CEPERAMUS

FUERAMUS

AMAVERATIS

MONUERATIS

REXERATIS

AUDIVERATIS

CEPERATIS

FUERATIS

AMAVERANT

MONUERANT

REXERANT

AUDIVERANT

CEPERANT

FUERANT

10.Irregular verbs

Eo [I-O] = I go

Present

Imperfect

Future

Perfect 1

Perfect 2

Pluperfect

Infinitive

EO

IBAM

IBO

II

IVI

IERAM

IRE

IS

IBAS

IBIS

IISTI

IVISTI

IERAS

To go

IT

IBAT

IBIT

IIT

IVIT

IERAT

Imperative

IMUS

IBAMUS

IBIMUS

IIMUS

IVIMUS

IERAMUS

I / ITE

ITIS

IBATIS

IBITIS

IISTIS

IVISTIS

IERATIS

Go!

ERUNT

IBANT

IBUNT

IERUNT

IERUNT

IERANT

Possum [POT-SUM] = I can, I am able

Present

Imperfect

Future

Perfect 1

Pluperfect

Infinitive

POSSUM

POTERAM

POTERO

POTUI

POTUERAM

POSSE

POTES

POTERAS

POTERIS

POTUISTI

POTUERAS

To be able

POTEST

POTERAT

POTERIT

POTUIT

POTUERAT

POSSUMUS

POTERAMUS

POTERIMUS

POTUIMUS

POTUERAMUS

POTESTIS

POTERATIS

POTERITIS

POTUISTIS

POTUERATIS

POSSUNT

POTERANT

POTERUNT

POTUERUNT

POTUERANT

B. Nouns

1.Number/Gender

Number

Gender

Singular

Plural

Masculine

Feminine

Neuter

One

More than one

Male

Female

Not male or female

2.Cases

Case name

Meaning

Example

Nominative

Subject

THE DOG bit the postman

Vocative

Oi! [getting attention]

Oi Marcus! Listen to me!

Accusative

Object

The dog bit THE POSTMAN

Genitive

Of

I like the colour OF THE CAR / the CARS colour

Dative

To/for

I gave a present TO MY MUM

Ablative

By/with/from

I took the bone FROM THE DOG

3.Noun tables

1st declension

Feminine

2nd declension

masculine

2nd declension

neuter

Sing

N

PUELLA

Girl subj

SERVUS

Slave subj

BELLUM

War subj

V

PUELLA

O girl

SERVE

O slave

BELLUM

O war

A

PUELLAM

Girl obj

SERVUM

Slave obj

BELLUM

War obj

G

PUELLAE

Of girl

SERVI

Of slave

BELLI

Of war

D

PUELLAE

To/for girl

SERVO

To/for slave

BELLO

To/for war

A

PUELLA

By girl

SERVO

By slave

BELLO

By war

Plur

N

PUELLAE

Girls subj

SERVI

Slave subj

BELLA

Wars subj

V

PUELLAE

O girls

SERVI

O slave

BELLA

O wars

A

PUELLAS

Girls obj

SERVOS

Slave obj

BELLA

Wars obj

G

PUELLARUM

Of girls

SERVORUM

Of slave

BELLORUM

Of wars

D

PUELLIS

To/for girls

SERVIS

To/for slave

BELLIS

To/for wars

A

PUELLIS

By girls

SERVIS

By slave

BELLIS

By wars

2nd declension -er

2nd declension

-er

2nd declension

-er

N

PUER

Boy subj

MAGISTER

Teacher subj

V

PUER

O boy

MAGISTER

O teacher

A

PUERUM

Boy obj

MAGISTRUM

Teacher obj

And then it goes as normal

And then it goes as normal

E.g.

PUER, VIR

AGER, MAGISTER, LIBER

1st declension masculine:POETA, AGRICOLA, NAUTA, INCOLA

3rd declension

Masc/fem

3rd declension

I stem

3rd declension

neuter

Sing

N

REX

King subj

URBS

City subj

CORPUS

Body subj

V

REX

O king

URBS

O city

CORPUS

O body

A

REGEM

King obj

URBEM

City obj

CORPUS

Body obj

G

REGIS

Of king

URBIS

Of city

CORPORIS

Of body

D

REGI

To/for king

URBI

To/for city

CORPORI

To/for body

A

REGE

By king

URBI/URBE

By city

CORPORE

By body

Plur

N

REGES

Kings subj

URBES

City subj

CORPORA

Bodies subj

V

REGES

O kings

URBES

O city

CORPORA

O bodies

A

REGES

Kings obj

URBES

City obj

CORPORA

Bodies obj

G

REGUM

Of kings

URBIUM

Of city

CORPORUM

Of bodies

D

REGIBUS

To/for kings

URBIBUS

To/for city

CORPORIBUS

To/for bodies

A

REGIBUS

By kings

URBIBUS

By city

CORPORIBUS

By bodies

Odd 3rd declension neuter - MARE

Nom

Voc

Acc

Gen

Dat

Abl

Sing

MARE

MARE

MARE

MARIS

MARI

MARI

Plur

MARIA

MARIA

MARIA

MARIUM

MARIBUS

MARIBUS

C. Pronouns

1.Personal Pronouns

I

You (s)

We

You (pl)

Himself

Nom

Ego

Tu

Nos

Vos

Se

Acc

Me

Te

Nos

Vos

Se

Gen

Mei

Tui

Nostrum

Vestrum

Sui

Dat

Mihi

Tibi

Nobis

Vobis

Sibi

Abl

Me

Te

Nobis

Vobis

Se

Abl with

Mecum

Tecum

Nobiscum

Vobiscum

Secum

2.Other pronouns/adjectives

H- = this or he/she/it

Singular

Plural

Masc

Fem

Neut

Masc

Fem

Neut

Nom subj

HIC

HAEC

HOC

HI

HAE

HAEC

Acc obj

HUNC

HANC

HOC

HOS

HAS

HAEC

Gen of

HUIUS

HUIUS

HUIUS

HORUM

HARUM

HORUM

Dat to/for

HUIC

HUIC

HUIC

HIS

HIS

HIS

Abl by/with/from

HOC

HAC

HOC

HIS

HIS

HIS

Look for any short word beginning with H.

ILL- = that or he/she/it

Singular

Plural

Masc

Fem

Neut

Masc

Fem

Neut

Nom subj

ILLE

ILLA

ILLUD

ILLI

ILLAE

ILLA

Acc obj

ILLUM

ILLAM

ILLUD

ILLOS

ILLAS

ILLOS

Gen of

ILLIUS

ILLIUS

ILLIUS

ILLORUM

ILLARUM

ILLORUM

Dat to/for

ILLI

ILLI

ILLI

ILLIS

ILLIS

ILLIS

Abl by/with/from

ILLO

ILLA

ILLO

ILLIS

ILLIS

ILLIS

Look for any short word beginning with ILL.

E- = he/she/it or this

Singular

Plural

Masc

Fem

Neut

Masc

Fem

Neut

Nom subj

IS he

EA she

ID it

EI they

EAE they

EA they

Acc obj

EUM him

EAM her

ID it

EOS them

EAS them

EA them

Gen of

EIUS his

EIUS her

EIUS its

EORUM their

EARUM their

EORUM their

Dat to/for

EI to him

EI to her

EI to it

EIS to them

EIS to them

EIS to them

Abl by/with/from

EO

EA

EO

EIS

EIS

EIS

Look for any short word beginning with E.

D. Prepositions

Prepositions

+ abl

A/ab

From, by

Cum

With

In

In, on

De

Down from, about

E/ex

Out from

Pro

On behalf of, in front of

Sine

Without

Sub

Under

Prepositions

+ acc

Ad

Towards

Contra

Against

In

Into, onto

Per

Through, along

Prope

Near

Trans

Across

Ante

Before

Circum

Around

Inter

Among, between

Post

After

Propter

On account of

Super

Above

All prepositions are followed by a noun.

The noun will either be in the ACCUSATIVE or in the ABLATIVE case.

You can tell from the table above what case each preposition takes.

E. Adjectives

All adjectives agree with their noun in GENDER, NUMBER and CASE.

The adjective often RHYMES with the noun.

e.g. to the girl = PUELLAEto the good girl = PUELLAE BONAE.

1.1st/2nd Declension - bonus, bona, bonum:

Masculine

Feminine

Neuter

Singular

Plural

Singular

Plural

Singular

Plural

Nom

BONUS

BONI

BONA

BONAE

BONUM

BONA

Voc

BONE

BONI

BONA

BONAE

BONUM

BONA

Acc

BONUM

BONOS

BONAM

BONAS

BONUM

BONA

Gen

BONI

BONORUM

BONAE

BONARUM

BONI

BONORUM

Dat

BONO

BONIS

BONAE

BONIS

BONO

BONIS

Abl

BONO

BONIS

BONA

BONIS

BONO

BONIS

Goes like servus

Goes like puella

Goes like bellum

Table for er adjectives:

Masc

Fem

Neut

Masc

Fem

Neut

Nom

SACER

SACRA

SACRUM

MISER

MISERA

MISERUM

Voc

SACER

SACRA

SACRUM

MISER

MISERA

MISERUM

Acc

SACRUM

SACRAM

SACRUM

MISERUM

MISERAM

MISERUM

And from then on just like bonus

And from then on just like bonus

E.g.

sacer, noster, vester, pulcher

miser, ceteri

2.3rd Declension omnis, omnis, omne:

Singular

Plural

Masc

Fem

Neut

Masc

Fem

Neut

Nom subj

Omnis

Omne

Omnes

Omnia

Voc oi

Omnis

Omne

Omnes

Omnia

Acc obj

Omnem

Omne

Omnes

Omnia

Gen of

Omnis

Omnium

Dat to/for

Omni

Omnibus

Abl by/with/from

Omni

Omnibus

Go like omnis:Omnes = everyoneOmnia = everything

Crudelis, e

Cruel

Facilis, e

Easy

Fortis, e

Strong, brave

Nobilis, e

Noble

Difficilis, e

Difficult

Omnis, e

All, every

Tristis, e

Sad

3.3rd declension felix, felicis:

Singular

Plural

Masc

Fem

Neut

Masc

Fem

Neut

Nom subj

Felix

Felices

Felicia

Voc oi

Felix

Felices

Felicia

Acc obj

Felicem

Felix

Felices

Felicia

Gen of

Felicis

Felicium

Dat to/for

Felici

Felicibus

Abl by/with/from

Felici

Felicibus

Audax, acis

Bold

Felix, icis

Lucky

4.3rd declension ingens:

Singular

Plural

Masc

Fem

Neut

Masc

Fem

Neut

Nom subj

Ingens

Ingentes

Ingentia

Voc oi

Ingens

Ingentes

Ingentia

Acc obj

Ingentem

Ingens

Ingentes

Ingentia

Gen of

Ingentis

Ingentium

Dat to/for

Ingenti

Ingentibus

Abl by/with/from

Ingenti

Ingentibus

Ingens, ntis

Huge

Sapiens, ntis

Wise

5. Comparison: Comparatives and Superlatives

Positive

[basic form]

Clarus

Famous

Comparative

more / -er

Clarior

More famous

Superlative

most / very / -est

Clarissimus

Most / very famous

a. Comparatives: -IOR = MORE

CLARIOR goes pretty much like REX / OPUS.

Its usually IOR but watch out for the neuter singular, -IUS.

Singular

Plural

Masc

Fem

Neut

Masc

Fem

Neut

Nom

Clarior

Clarius

Clariores

Clarioria

Voc

Clarior

Clarius

Clariores

Clarioria

Acc

Clariorem

Clarius

Clariores

Clarioria

Gen

Clarioris

Clariorium

Dat

Clariori

Clarioribus

Abl

Clariore

Clarioribus

To create a comparative:1. Grab the genitive of the adjective pulchri

2. Snip off the genitive pulchr-

3. Add IORpulchr-ior

b. Superlatives: -ISSIMUS = MOST / VERY

CLARISSIMUS, CLARISSIMA, CLARISSIMUS goes exactly like BONUS, BONA, BONUM.

Singular

Plural

Masc

Fem

Neut

Masc

Fem

Neut

N

Clarissimus

Clarissima

Clarissimum

Clarissimi

Clarissimae

Clarissima

V

Clarissime

Clarissima

Clarissimum

Clarissimi

Clarissimae

Clarissima

A

Clarissimum

Clarissimam

Clarissimum

Clarissimos

Clarissimas

Clarissima

And so on

c. Irregulars

POSITIVE

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

Bonus

Good

Melior

Better

Optimus

Best

Malus

Bad

Peior

Worse

Pessimus

Worst

Parvus

Small

Minor

Smaller

Minimus

Smallest

Magnus

Big

Maior

Bigger

Maximus

Biggest

Multus

Many

Plus

More

Plurimus

Most, very many

Pulcher

Pretty

Pulchrior

Prettier

Pulcherrimus

Prettiest

Miser

Sad

Miserior

Sadder

Miserrimus

Saddest

Facilis

Easy

Facilior

Easier

Facillimus

Easiest

Difficilis

Difficult

Difficilior

More difficult

Difficillimus

Most difficult

F. Adverbs

AD-VERB = something that adds to the verb

= quickly, greatly, not, later

Learn the vocab list! Lots of marks for these in comprehension and technical sections.

G. Word order

SOV = subject object verb

or OVs = object verb [subject in verb, e.g. amo = I love]

Using Mnemonics to remember noun endings

A mnemonic is when you take the first letter from each word and create a new sentence thats easy to remember. But well be taking the last letters of each word. And sometimes itll be more than one letter.

1st declension noun mnemonic [visual]

Singular

Plural

Ending

Picture

Ending

Picture

Nominative

Puell-a

Puell-ae

Vocative

Puell-a

Puell-ae

Accusative

Puell-am

Puell-as

Genitive

Puell-ae

Puell-arum

Dative

Puell-ae

Puell-is

Ablative

Puell-a

Puell-is

2nd declension noun MNEMONIC

Case

Latin

Rhyme

Latin

Rhyme

Nom subject

Serv-us

Usually

Serv-i

I, I, captain!

Voc oi!

Serv-e

Elephants

Serv-i

Acc object

Serv-um

Umpire

Serv-os

Os-tralian

Gen of

Serv-i

In

Serv-orum

(o) rum

Dat to/for

Serv-o

z-o-o-s

Serv-is

Is nice

Abl by/with/from

Serv-o

Serv-is

With ice

2nd declension neuter noun MNEMONIC

Case

Latin

Rhyme

Latin

Rhyme

Nom subject

Bell-um

Um

Bell-a

Ah!

Voc oi!

Bell-um

Um

Bell-a

Ah!

Acc object

Bell-um

Um

Bell-a

Ah!

Gen of

Bell-i

In

Bell-orum

(o) rum

Dat to/for

Bell-o

z-o-o-s?

Bell-is

Is nice

Abl by/with/from

Bell-o

Bell-is

With ice

Remember that BELLUM is exactly the same as DOMINUS from the genitive down [bottom half of table].

So all you really need to learn for the neuter is UM, UM, UM and A, A, A.

One BACTERI-UMLots of BACTERI-A

3rd declension noun MNEMONIC

Case

Latin

Rhyme

Latin

Rhyme

Nom subject

Rex

[yeS]

Reg-es

LES

Voc oi!

Rex

[yeS]

Reg-es

DES

Acc object

Reg-em

EMma

Reg-es

and JES

Gen of

Reg-is

IS

Reg-um

thUMb

Dat to/for

Reg-i

In

Reg-ibus

1 bus

Abl by/with/from

Reg-e

Egypt

Reg-ibus

1 bus

3rd declension neuter noun MNEMONIC

Case

Latin

Rhyme

Latin

Rhyme

Nom subject

Corpus

[]

Corpor-a

MA

Voc oi!

Corpus

[]

Corpor-a

PA

Acc object

Corpus

[]

Corpor-a

and SarA

Gen of

Corpor-is

IS

Corpor-um

thUMb

Dat to/for

Corpor-i

In

Corpor-ibus

1 bus

Abl by/with/from

Corpor-e

Egypt

Corpor-ibus

1 bus

Remember that CORPUS is exactly the same as REX from the genitive down [bottom half of table].

So all you really need to learn for the neuter is [random singular] and plural A, A, A.

Lots of BACTERI-A

LEVEL ONE

Adjectives

Nouns 1

Feminine

Unus

One

Rogo

I ask

Altus, a, um

High, deep

Ancilla

Maidservant

Duo

Two

Specto

I watch

Bonus, a, um

Good

Aqua

Water

Tres

Three

Sto

I stand

Clarus

Clear, bright, famous

Dea

Goddess

Quattuor

Four

Supero

I overcome

Fessus, a, um

Tired

Femina

Woman

Quinque

Five

Voco

I call

Iratus, a, um

Angry

Filia

Daughter

Sex

Six

2 Deleo

I destroy

Laetus, a, um

Happy

Hasta

Spear

Septem

Seven

Habeo

I have

Magnus, a, um

Big

Insula

Island

Octo

ight

Iubeo

I order

Malus, a, um

Bad

Ira

Anger

Novem

Nine

Maneo

I remain

Meus, a, um

My

Patria

Native land

Decem

Ten

Moneo

I warn

Miser, era, erum

Wretched

Pecunia

Money

Numbers

Ordinal

Moveo

I move

Multus, a, um

Many

Puella

Girl

Primus

First

Respondeo

I answer

Noster, tra, trum

Our

Regina

Queen

Secundus

Second

Rideo

I laugh

Notus, a, um

Well known

Sagitta

Arrow

Tertius

Third

Teneo

I hold

Novus, a, um

New

Terra

Land

Quartus

Fourth

Terreo

I frighten

Parvus, a, um

Small

Turba

Crowd

Quintus

Fifth

Timeo

I fear

Perterritus, a, um

Scared

Unda

Wave

Sextus

sixth

Video

I see

Pulcher, ra, rum

Beautiful

Via

Way, street

Septimus

Seventh

3 Bibo

I drink

Romanus, a, um

Roman

*Agricola m.

Farmer

Octavus

Eighth

Constituo

I decide

Sacer, ra, rum

Sacred

*Incola m/f.

Inhabitant

Nonus

Ninth

Consumo

I eat

Saevus, a, um

Savage

*Nauta m.

Sailor

Decimus

Tenth

Curro

I run

Suus, a, um

His her their

*Poeta m.

Poet

Particles

Dico

I say

Tutus, a, um

Safe

Nouns 2

Masculine

Etiam

Also, even

Discedo

I depart

Tuus, a, um

Your (s)

Ager

Field

Prepositions

+ abl

Duco

I lead

Validus, a, um

Strong

Amicus

Friend

A/ab

From, by

Lego

I read, choose

Vester, ra, rum

Your (pl)

Cibus

Food

Cum

With

Ludo

I play

Adverbs

Deus

God

In

In, on

Mitto

I send

Bene

Well

Dominus

Master

E/ex

Out from

Ostendo

I show

Deinde

Then. Next

Equus

Horse

De

Down from, about

Pono

I put

Diu

For a long time

Filius

Son

Prepositions

+ acc

Rego

I rule

Fortiter

Bravely

Gladius

Sword

Ad

Towards

Scribo

I write

Hic

Here

Liber

Book

Contra

Against

4 Audio

I hear

Iam

Now, already

Locus

Place

In

Into, onto

Dormio

I sleep

Ibi

There

Magister

Teacher, Master

Per

Through, along

Venio

I come

Iterum

Again

Murus

Wall

Prope

Near

3.5 Capio

I take

Magnopere

Greatly

Nuntius

Messenger

Trans

Across

Cupio

I desire

Mox

Soon

Puer

Boy

Verbs

Facio

I make, do

Non

Not

Servus

Slave

1 Aedifico

I build

Iacio

I throw

Numquam

Never

Socius

Ally

Ambulo

I walk

*Absum

I am away

Olim

Once

Ventus

Wind

Amo

I love

*Adsum

I am present

Saepe

Often

Vir

Man

Canto

I sing

*Sum

I am

Semper

Always

Nouns 2

Neuter

Clamo

I shout

Pronouns

Sic

Thus

Aurum

Gold

Do

I give

Ego/me

I/me

Statim

Immediately

Auxilium

Help

Festino

I hurry

Tu/te

You (s)

Subito

Suddenly

Bellum

War

Habito

I live

Nos

We/us

Tamen

However

Caelum

Sky

Intro

I enter, go in

Vos

You (pl)

Tandem

At last

Oppidum

Town

Laboro

I work

Question

Words

Conjunctions

Periculum

Danger

Laudo

I praise

Cur?

Why?

Et

And

Proelium

Battle

Navigo

I sail

-ne?

= ?

Igitur

Therefore

Scutum

Shield

Neco

I kill

Quid?

What?

Itaque

And so

Templum

Temple

Oppugno

I attack

Quis?

Who?

Quod

Because

Verbum

Word

Paro

I prepare

Ubi?

Where?

Sed

But

Vinum

Wine

Porto

I carry

Ubi

When

Numbers

Cardinal

Pugno

I fight

Posuit (pono)

He put

Stetit (sto)

He stood

Cepit (capio)

He took

Discessit(discedo)

He left

Fuit (sum)

He was

Dedit (do)

He gave

Fecit (facio)

He made/did

Risit (rideo)

He laughed

Cucurrit (curro)

He ran

Misit (mitto)

He sent

Iecit (iacio)

He threw

Iussit(iubeo)

He ordered

O/M, S, T, MUS, TIS, NT

ERAM

I was

-RE

To

NOMINATIVE, VOCATIVE

I, ISTI, IT, IMUS, ISTIS, ERUNT

AM-A(TE), MON-E(TE), REG-E

AMAVI, DELEVI, AUDIVI,

ACCUSATIVE, GENITIVE

-BAM

I was ing

(-ITE), AUD-I(TE), CAP-E (-ITE)

MONUI, REXI (REGSI), CEPI

DATIVE, ABLATIVE

LEVEL TWO

Adjectives

Frater

Brother

Sine

Without

Conspexi

I caught sight of

Carus,a,um

Dear

Homo

Man, person

Sub

Under

Effugi

I escaped

Ceteri, ae, a

The rest of (pl)

Hostes (pl)

Enemy

Pronouns

Fugi

I fled

Graecus, a, um

Greek

Iuvenis

Young man

Hic haec hoc

This, he

Ivi/ii

I went

Longus, a, um

Long

Miles

Soldier

Ille illa illud

That, he

Inii

I went in

Medius, a, um

Middle (of)

Mons

Mountain

Is ea id

That, he

Exii

I went out

Mortuus, a, um

Dead

Parens

Parent

Se

Himself/themselves

Perii

I perished

Pauci, ae, a

Few

Pater

Father

Question words

Redii

I went back

Solus, a um

Alone

Rex

King

Nonne?

Surely (yes)

Transii

I went across

Vivus, a, um

Alive

Senex

Old man

Num?

Surely not (no)

Potui

I was able

Crudelis, e

Cruel

Nouns 3

Feminine

Verbs

Fui

I was

Difficilis, e

Difficult

Lux

Light

1 Erro

I wander

Afui

I was absent

Facilis, e

Easy

Mater

Mother

Appropinquo

I approach

Adfui

I was present

Fortis, e

Strong, brave

Mors

Death

Exspecto

I wait for

Dedi

I gave

Nobilis, e

Noble

Mulier

Woman

Libero

I set free

Steti

I stood

Omnis, e

All

Navis

Ship

Narro

I tell

Mansi

I remained

Tristis, e

Sad

Pars

Part

Nuntio

I announce

Discessi

I departed

Audax, acis

Bold

Soror

Sister

Occupo

I seize

Risi

I laughed

Felix, icis

Lucky

Urbs

City

Saluto

I greet

Misi

I sent

Ingens, ntis

Huge

Uxor

Wife

Vulnero

I wound

Cucurri

I ran

Sapiens, ntis

Wise

Virtus

Courage

2 Debeo

I have to, owe

Posui

I put

Adverbs

Vox

Voice

3 Colligo

I collect

Feci

I made, did

Celeriter

Quickly

Nouns 3

Neuter

Defendo

I defend

Cepi

I took

Cras

Tomorrow

Corpus

Body

Gero

I carry on, do

Ieci

I threw

Forte

By chance

Flumen

River

Occido

I kill

Iussi

I ordered

Frustra

In vain

Iter

Journey

Reduco

I lead back

Constitui

I decided

Heri

yesterday

Mare

Sea

Ruo

I rush, charge

Dixi

I said

Hodie

Today

Nomen

Name

Trado

I hand over

Duxi

I led

Nunc

Now

Vulnus

Wound

Vinco

I conquer

Scripsi

I wrote

Postea

Afterwards

Nouns

Irregular

4 Advenio

I arrive

Consumpsi

I ate

Quam

Than

Nemo

No one

Invenio

I find

Infinitives

Quoque

Also

Nihil

Nothing

Punio

I punish

Amare

To love

Tum

Then

Numbers

Cardinal

3.5 Accipio

I receive

Monere

To warn

Conjunctions

Undecim

11

Conspicio

I catch sight of

Regere

To rule

Antequam

Before

Duodecim

12

Effugio

I escape

Audire

To hear

Etet

Bothand

Tredecim

13

Fugio

I flee

Capere

To take

Nam

For

Quattuordecim

14

*Eo, ire

I go

Esse

To be

Postquam

After

Quindecim

15

*Exeo

I go out

Abesse

To be away

Quamquam

Although

Sedecim

16

*Ineo

I go in

Adesse

To be present

-que

And

Septendecim

17

*Noli(te)

Do not!

Posse

To be able

Nouns 1

Feminine

Duodeviginti

18

*Pereo

I perish

Imperatives

Copiae (pl)

Forces (pl)

Undeviginti

19

*Possum

I am able

Ama/amate

Love!

Mora

Delay

Viginti

20

*Redeo

I go back

Rege/regite

Rule!

Nouns 2

Masculine

Particles

*Transeo

I go across

Mone/monete

Warn!

Liberi (pl)

Children

Autem

However, but

Perfect

tenses

Audi/audite

Hear!

Nouns 2

Neuter

Prepositions

+ acc

Collegi

I collected

Cape/capite

Take!

Arma (pl)

Weapons (pl)

Ante

Before

Gessi

I carried on, did

Es/este

Be!

Donum

Gift

Circum

Around

Reduxi

I led back

Noli/nolite

Dont!

Nouns 3

Masculine

Inter

Among

Rui

I charged

[Be unwilling to!]

Civis

Citizen

Post

After

Tradidi

I handed over

Clamor

Shout

Propter

Because of

Vici

I conquered

Comes c.

Companion

Super

Above

Adveni

I arrived

Coniunx c.

Wife, husband

Prepositions

+ abl

Inveni

I found

Dux

Leader

Pro

On behalf of, in front of

Accepi

I received

Melior (bonus)

Better

Optimus, a, um

Best

Peior (malus)

Worse

Pessimus, a, um

Worst

Minor (parvus)

Smaller

Minimus, a, um

Smallest

Maior (magnus)

Bigger

Maximus, a, um

Biggest

Plus (multus)

More

Plurimus, a, um

Most

Pulcherrimus, a, um

Prettiest

Facillimus, a, um

Easiest

Celerrimus, a, um

Fastest

AMABAM was

AMAVI -ed

AMA(TE) love!

I, ISTI, IT, IMUS, ISTIS, ERUNT

AMABO, -BIS will

AMAVERAM had

-IOR/-IUS -er/more

REGAM, REGES will

AMARE to

-ISSIMUS/-ERRIMUS/-ILLIMUS -est/most/very

Perfect Tense (Active)

Regular perfects

+V

St-stammered

RESPONDI (respondeo)

I replied

1 AMAVI (amo)

I loved

STETI (sto)

I stood

VIDI (video)

I saw

2 DELEVI (deleo)

I destroyed

DEDI (do)

I gave

Add a bit

4 AUDIVI (audio)

I heard

CUCURRI (curro)

I ran

COEGI (cogo, co-ago)

I forced

3.5 CUPIVI (cupio)

I desired

TRADIDI (trado)

I handed over

Lose a bit

Regular perfects

+U

Stretch first vowel

VICI (vinco)

I conquered

2 MONUI (moneo)

I warned

CONSTITUI (constituo)

I decided

RELIQUI (relinquo)

I left

Weird perfect

+U

LEGI (lego)

I read, chose

TO BE

3 POSUI (pono)

I put

OSTENDI (ostendo)

I showed

FUI (sum)

I was

Regular perfects

+S

DEFENDI (defendo)

I defended

AFUI (absum)

I was away

3 REXI reg-si (rego)

I ruled

OCCIDI (occido)

I killed

ADFUI (adsum)

I was present

CONSUMPSI (consumo)

I ate

RUI (ruo)

I charged

POTUI (pot-sum)

I was able

DIXI dic-si (dico)

I said

BIBI (bibo)

I drank

TO GO

DISCESSI (discedo)

I departed

COLLEGI (colligo)

I collected

IVI/II (eo)

I went

DUXI duc-si (duco)

I led

VENI (venio)

I came

EXII (exeo)

I went out

MISI (mitto)

I sent

ADVENI (advenio)

I arrived

INII (ineo)

I went in

LUSI (ludo)

I played

INVENI (invenio)

I found

PERII (pereo)

I perished

SCRIPSI (scribo)

I wrote

CEPI (capio)

I captured

REDII (redeo)

I went back

GESSI (gero)

I carried on, did

ACCEPI (accipio)

I received

TRANSII (transeo)

I went across

REDUXI (reduco)

I led back

FUGI (fugio)

I fled

Odd perfect

+S

IECI (iacio)

I threw

CONSPEXI (conspicio)

I caught sight of

FECI (facio)

I did, made

MANSI (maneo)

I remained

INTERFECI (interficio)

I killed

IUSSI (iubeo)

I ordered

EFFUGI (effugio)

I escaped

Third declension stems weirdest in italics

NOMINATIVE

STEM

ENGLISH

NOMINATIVE

STEM

ENGLISH

Civis m.

Civ-

Citizen

Navis

Nav-

Ship

Clamor

Clamor-

Shout

Pars

Part-

Part

Comes

Comit-

Companion

Soror

Soror-

Sister

Coniunx

Coniug-

Wife, husband

Urbs

Urb-

City

Dux

Duc-

Leader

Uxor

Uxor-

Wife

Frater

Fratr-

Brother

Virtus

Virtut-

Courage

Dux

Duc-

Leader

Vox

Voc-

Voice

Homo

Homin-

Man, person

Iuvenis

Iuven-

Young man

Miles

Milit-

Soldier

Mons

Mont-

Mountain

Corpus n.

Corpor-

Body

Parens

Parent-

Parent

Flumen

Flumin-

River

Pater

Patr-

Father

Iter

Itiner-

Journey

Rex

Reg-

King

Mare

Mar-

Sea

Senex

Sen-

Old man

Nomen

Nomin-

Name

Vulnus

Vulner-

Wound

Lux f.

Luc-

Light

Nemo

Nemin-

No one

Mater

Matr-

mother

Nihil

Nihil-/Null-

Nothing

Mors

Mort-

Death

Pulchrior

Pulchrior-

Prettier (m./f.)

Mulier

Mulier-

Woman

Pulchrius

Pulchrior-

Prettier (n.)

L2 A+ vocabulary these are the sneakiest words and endings of words

GENERAL

Auxilio + gen

With the help of

Quod

Which

Neminem

No one [acc]

Auxilio dei

With the help of a god

Quod

because

Nullius

Of no one

Sine mora

Without delay

Hic, haec, hoc

This

Nomine

By name, called

Sine armis

Without weapons

Hic

Here

Julia nomine

Julia by name

Quam

Than

Dona

Gifts

Maximus, a, um

Biggest

Forte

By chance

Proelia

Battles

Plurimus, a, um

Most, very many

Fortis, forte

Strong, brave

Pericula

Dangers

Plures

More

Fortiter

Bravely

Minor, minus

Smaller

Maior, maius

Bigger

Pulcherrima

Very pretty

Minimus, a, um

Very small

Melior, melius

Better

Optimus, a, um

Very good

Peior, peius

Worse

Pessimus, a, um

Worst

FUTURE

WILL BIT

Amabit

MAGIC E

Future reget

Present regit

Is, ea, id

He, she, it / that

Eum

Him

Eam

Her

Eos

Them

Eas

Them

Ei

To him/her

Ei

They

Eis

To them

Eis

With them

Eo

By him/it

Eius

Of him/her/it

Eorum

Of them

Earum

Of them

Ille, illa, illud

that

Illius

Of that

Illi

To that

Illi

Those subj

Illos

Those obj

Illas

Those obj

Illum

That obj

Hic, haec, hoc

this

Huius

Of this

Huic

To this

Hi

These subj

Hos

These masc

Hoc

This neut

Has

These fem

Unus, una, unum

Unius

Of one

Uni

To one

Uno

With one

Duo, duae, dua

Duobus

With two

Dua scuta

Two shields

Duas feminas

Two women

Pronouns

Se

Himself

Sibi

To himself

Secum

With himself

Ego

I

Mihi

To me

Mecum

With me

Tu

You

Tibi

To you

Tecum

With you

Nos

We/us

Nobis

To us

Nobiscum

With us

Vos

You pl

Vobis

To you pl

Vobiscum

With you pl

TRICKY PHRASES

Dux pro se scutum posuit

The leader put shield in front of himself

Julius a Graecis, gente feroci, oppugnatus est

Julius was attacked by the Greeks, a fierce tribe

Rex Juliam, feminam pulcherrimam, vidit

The king saw Julia, a very pretty woman

unus ex pueris fortis erat

One out of the boys was strong

Rex risit. Ille tum servum necavit.

The king laughed. Then that man [he] killed the slave

Julius unam ex puellis, Julia nomine, vocavit

Julius called one from [of] the girls, called Julia

Rex puellam laudavit. Haec risit.

The king praised the girl. This [girl] [she] smiled

Ancillae puellam viderunt. Huic cibum dederunt.

The slavegirls saw the girl. They gave food to this [girl]

Rex puerum vocavit. Ei cibum dedit.

The king called the boy. He gave food to him.

Regina equum dixit servo dabo

The queen said Ill give a horse to the slave

Added guidance

1.Other ways of revising - websites

(a) aitkenlatin.weebly.com has games for almost everything endings, syntax and vocabulary.

(b) quizlet.com/Mr_Aitken has learning games and flash cards for almost everything too.

2.Exam-specific revision packages

The exam is divided into four parts:

1.Comprehension [15 marks]

2.Translation[30 marks][boiled down from around 70]

3.Technical[20 marks]Including English to Latin [7-9 marks]

4.Non-linguistic[10 marks]We have studied Mythology

You will get specific practice as follows:

(a) You will receive a Study Pack with exhaustive practice on every possible question that may appear in the technical question [question 3], including the English to Latin section

(b) You have received an exhaustive Mythology pack with summaries of every myth, and example questions at the end. You can ask for another copy if you have lost it.

There are also booklets with a lot of activities available for Jason/Theseus/Perseus; Hercules; and Troy/Odysseus. Ask for copies of these if you think the practice will be useful. The main pack is enough for most.

(c) The best way to practice Comprehension and Translation is through practice exam papers.

There are also specific worksheets aimed at improving particular aspects of translation.

3.Any particular topics from the Syllabus worrying you?

I have worksheets explaining and practising every topic in all three levels so I can be very specific in helping you revise. Just tell me what you need to focus on.

Page

1

Name_________________________________

LATIN

FORM 8M

S

2017 Level 2 Revision Guide

Contents

Page

2

Syllabus [all levels]

3

-

11

Endings

everything you need

12

-

13

Mnemonics for nouns

1

4

-

1

6

V

ocabulary

17

-

18

Top

Tips

19

A+ vocabula

ry

2

0

Added guidance

For more detailed practice on

particular themes, please ask me.

You will receive practice papers separate to this guide.

Page

1

Name_________________________________

LATIN

FORM 8M

S2017 Level 2 Revision Guide

Contents

Page

2 Syllabus [all levels]

3-11 Endings everything you need

12-13 Mnemonics for nouns

14-16 Vocabulary

17-18 Top Tips

19 A+ vocabulary

20 Added guidance

For more detailed practice on particular themes, please ask me.

You will receive practice papers separate to this guide.