Chapter 1 RAD Guide

Earth is 3rd planet from the sun

Part of the inner planets because it is made of rock

Where is Earth located in our solar system? What group of planets is Earth a part of and why?

Biosphere

Biosphere contains all the land, water, air, and living organisms. 1.Lithosphere = land2.Hydrosphere = water3.Atmosphere = air

Describe what the biosphere is in your own words.

1. Lithosphere: walk, drive, ride bike

2. Hydrosphere: drink, swim, shower

3. Atmosphere: breathe, travel (plane)

List 2 ways that you interact with each of the parts of biosphere.

Organisms take what they need (food, water) from the biosphere

Describe the relationship between the biosphere and the organisms that live in it.

1. Biosphere: the combined parts of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere in which life exists

VOCABULARY!!

Organism: any living thing Lithosphere: the layer of land that forms

Earth’s surface (made of various rock types) Hydrosphere: the parts of the Earth that are

made of water Atmosphere: the layer of gases that

surrounds the Earth Ecology: the study of interactions among

living and nonliving things

VOCABULARY!!

Lithosphere

1. Igneous: liquid rock that has cooled

◦ Example: basalt, granite, obsidian2. Sedimentary: rocks that have

been compressed over time◦ Example: stalagmites (from a

precipitate), limestone, sandstone, shale

3. Metamorphic: rocks formed by heat and pressure

◦ Example: marble, slate, schist

Describe the 3 types of rock. Provide examples of each.

Hydrosphere

Supports life because many organisms depend on water for survival and it regulates temperature

(holds heat)

How does the presence of liquid water on Earth support life?

Salt water = 97%

Fresh water = 3%

*however, a lot of freshwater is trapped in ice

What percentage of the hydrosphere is salt water? Fresh water?

Most living things depend on fresh water for survival

It determines how many organisms can live in one area

Why is fresh water so important to living things? How does the amount affect living things?

1. Igneous Rock: rock that is formed when liquid rock solidifies and cools

2. Sedimentary Rock: rock that forms when layers of sediment compress & cement together

3. Metamorphic Rock: rock that have been transformed by heat & pressure

VOCABULARY!!

Atmosphere

1. Temperature regulation2. Blocks harmful UV rays (ozone)3. Contains the air we breathe

Describe the role that our atmosphere plays in supporting life on Earth.

Nitrogen = 78% Oxygen = 21% Carbon = .04%

*plants need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis in order to produce oxygen

Name the major gases in the atmosphere & their amounts.

1. Thermosphere: hottest layer, very low air pressure

2. Mesosphere: coldest layer (-100o C)

3. Stratosphere: contains the ozone layer

4. Troposphere: touches the Earth, weather occurs here, water vapor, most gas is present here

5. REMEMBER: The Moose Said Toot

Describe the 4 layers of the atomosphere.

The air is thinner which means there is less oxygen to breathe

People who live at sea level have trouble breathing at tops of high mountains. Why do you think this is true?

1. Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, and Thermosphere see your notes!

2. Ozone: an oxygen gas containing three oxygen atoms per molecule

VOCABULARY!!