بســـم الله الرحمـن الرحـيم

Establishing of Database and Network Connection of Smallholders/ Family Farmers Agricultural Cooperatives Between COMCEC

Member Countries

AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVESIN SUDAN

Dr. Mohamed Saad AliFarmers Organization Coordinator

Ministry of AgricultureE-mil; biyumi2000@yahoo.com

WELCOME

OUTLINE

• I.INTRODUCTION • AGRICULTURE SECTOR• CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL SCALE FARMERS IN

SUDAN • CONSTRAINTS OF SMALL SCALE FARMER IN SUDAN• NATIONAL PRIORITIES FOR SMALLHOLDERS

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT• PRODUCERS ORGANIZATION IN SUDAN • CHALLENGES• CONCLUSION

• Sudan positioned to the North-Eastern corner of Africa

• Total Area: 1,861,484 sq. KM

• Rank: 16th

• Population: 37 million.

• Arable land about 34%

INTRODUCTION

AGRICULTURE SECTOR

• It contribute about 30% of GDP• It is the principal source of income and livelihood for

between 60 per cent and 80 % of the population.• The engine of growth for other economic sectors such

as trade, industry and transport• Export crops: Cotton, Sesame, Arabic gum & Livestock

FOUR MAIN TYPES OF FARMING EXIST IN SUDAN

1. Mechanized rain-fed agricultural schemes 2. Traditional rain-fed agriculture 3. Irrigated Agriculture4. Livestock husbandry/pastoralism

1 .MECHANIZED RAIN FED AGRICULTURE

• With sorghum as a principle crop in addition to sesame and small amount of short fiber cotton

2 .TRADITIONAL RAIN FED AGRICULTURE

• With millet, sesame, groundnut and Roselle as major crops.

3.Irrigated Agriculture• The main crops grown are Sugar Cane, Cotton,

Wheat, Sorghum, Groundnut, Fruits And Vegetables

Pivate irrigationConventional tillage

CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL SCALE FARMERS IN SUDAN

• The farm often less than 2 hectares• Low productivity & income• Low capital• Substance farming

CONSTRAINTS OF SMALL SCALE FARMER IN SUDAN

1. Land ownership • Fragmented farm holdings; • Ownership by local customary laws and norms, rather than legally recognized; 2. Access to technology • Use of simple manual tools and family labor in farm practices; • Scarcity of modern agricultural inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides, and improved seeds

Continued 3. Access to services • Weak institutional agricultural services including research, extension, pest and disease control; • Weak organizational structures dealing with traditional agricultural production; 4. Funding sources • Dependence on traditional sources of finance such as relatives and village merchant4.low productivity and weak marketing services

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( THE USE OF FERTILIZERS (KG / HA

NATIONAL PRIORITIES FOR SMALLHOLDERS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

1. Institutional, policy planning and legal framework capacity strengthened • Functional capacity for agriculture, food security and Natural Resource Management (NRM) policy and planning; • Legal reform; • Improvement of valid and reliable sector co-ordination; • Enhanced and sustained information management systems at federal, state, locality and community levels. 2. Agricultural research and technology transfer institutions • Provide support services to farmers, pastoralists, fisher folk and tree-dependent people according to international best practice

Continued 3. Productivity and production of cropping, livestock, fisheries and forestry systems significantly increased • Cost of production reduced and competitiveness of products improved; • Effects of climate change and variability and associated extreme weather events on smallholder producers negated; • Livelihoods of smallholder growers, pastoralists, fisher folk and tree-dependent people enhanced.

PRODUCERS ORGANIZATION IN SUDAN

• Cooperatives Societies (50 members)• Producer Organization (7 members)

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCER ORGANIZATION'S LEGAL BASIS

• Cooperatives Act 1948• Owners Producer Of Plant And Livestock

Organizations Act 2011

THE ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF PRODUCER ORGANIZATION

• Ministry of Foreign Trade – cooperation department - federal level.

• Ministry of Agriculture & Forests – technology transfer & extension – producer organization coordination - federal level.

• Ministry of judges - federal level.• Ministry of Finance and Economy -

cooperation department - state level

COOPERATIVE SECTOR IN SUDAN

• Cooperative legislation began since 1948• There are more than 3.5 million people are members of

cooperatives sector representing 10.2 percent of the population

• More than 10,000 cooperative societies• Agriculture cooperatives are estimated around 33 % of the

total number of cooperatives• Consumer cooperatives are estimated around 11 % of the

total number of cooperatives• cooperative and training center was established since

1976.

COOPERATIVE TYPES IN SUDAN

AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVE IN SUDAN

• Agriculture cooperatives are more than 3333 cooperative societies

• There are many types of Agriculture cooperatives such as;

1.Credit associations, 2.Mechanical harvesting cooperative 3.Graduates cooperative4.Dairy cooperative societies 5.Fishery and;6.Milk

EXAMPLES OF BEST PRACTICES

• Goz alhalag cooperative• Koko cooperative• General Union Of Producers Cooperative

Qualitative Natural Glues

CHALLENGES• Lack of confidence in the cooperative idea and

cooperative organizations among people• Imbalance of organizational structures and

administrative• Absence of any statistical systems or databases• Poor training and education cooperative activities• Weakness of productivity and control

bureaucracy ,corruption and giving priority to individual interests to the public good, and

• Liberation policy

Conclusions

Thank You