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“GENDER HARMONY (GH) IS A TOOL TO SUPPORT
GENDER MAINSTREAMING AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN EDUCATION”
By:Dr. Erna Surjadi MS.APBI, PhD
Director of Yayasan Gender Harmonywww.genderharmony.info ;
www.genderempowerment.com ; [email protected] ;
Presented for the X.World Education Congress (WEC), Bali, Indonesia 23-24 September 2013
BACKGROUND Beijing Platform for Action (BPFA, 1995), the Fourth World Conference on
Women, endorsed the 12 critical areas of concern; 1) Poverty, 2) Education and Training, 3) Health, 4) Violence against women, 5) Armed conflict, 6) Economy, 7) Power and Decision Making, 8) Institutional Mechanism for the advancement of women, 9) Human Rights of Women, 10) Media, 11) Environment and 12) Girl child.
The Platform for Action - agenda for women's empowerment. To remove all the obstacles to women's active participation,
◦ In public and private life ◦ through a full and equal share in: economic, social, cultural and political decision-
making at home, in the workplace and in the wider national and international communities.
Equality is a matter of human rights and a condition for social justice…” To achieve equality,
◦ the Platform for Action emphasizes the need for women ◦ to work together and in partnership with men ◦ towards the common goal of gender equity worldwide.
GENDER APPROACHESThe BPFA in 1995: the Women in Development
(WID) approach; while Beijing+5 (2000): Gender and Development (GAD).
Situation/condition are created by men and women - not from the women alone.
Gender equality cannot be achieved by changing the women only, thus the gender mainstreaming strategy has been endorsed to the world (1995) – however most programmes still focus on women due it is believed they are left behind the men.
Gender mainstreaming – a strategy of designing, implementation , monitoring and evaluation programmes to achieve gender equality.
GWH WHO/ SEARO 16 August 2007
www.genderharmony.info 5
Gender concerns: Low overall education and poor economic
background of women further increases their inability to access medical services; so many cases of patients "coming too late"
Low self esteem created by social, traditional and family norms. Traditional and culture practices are often the cause for their poor nutrition, inability to negotiate safe sex and other behaviors that affect successful treatment of TB/HIV.
Involvement more women into political arena is not a guarantee to support changes due to their “less bargaining power’, ‘oversimplified’ gender and the need to work with men
PATRIARCHY CULTUREPatriarchy put men as number one while in modern
era: human rights, gender equality and equity -- stimulating different perception between spouses for expected behaviour that is following the changing role.
The different perception following to the behaviour may add stressor that lead to latent crisis in family life, and failure to perform tranformation; instead it is manifested into violence against women (men) in family.
Women’s empowerment seems automatically under the men’s control, mostly in rural areas where most women are less educated. (Women in politics are also somehow ‘being marginalized’ by men)
What is GENDER HARMONY (GH)?The study on violence against women was conducted during
2003-2005; continued during 2006-2008; and being confirmed on 2008 (E. Surjadi, University of Indonesia, 2008).
GH is firstly launched on December 2010 in Jakarta, IndonesiaGH is defined based on two variables 1) RESPECT – to respect
human rights inc Women’s rights; 2) For UNITY – to collaborate for family advancement, as a tool to achieve gender equality within high/good COMMUNICATION
GH as a tool to be used by a process; its not given but acquired.
Husband and Wife – Male/female: matching the gender disparities into equal partnership (egalitarian ethos); can lead her/himself and collaborate with others for family advancement
Family welfare is the basic dream for many nations and the world.
GENDER HARMONYPromoting:
◦ HUMAN RIGHTS IMPLEMENTATION◦ ASPECTS: SOCIAL, CULTURE, ECONOMICS, POLITICS◦ Family advancement
GENDER LANGUAGE – COMMUNICATION is the best
NO BODY IS PERFECT ◦ POSITIVE THINKING AS FLOW OF HAPPINESS◦ TO ERR IS HUMAN TO FORGIVE IS DIVINE◦ SERENITY
FAMILY CAREER DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM◦ Coping mechanism for day to day harmonious living◦ Transformation: together’s changes towards
advancement
Research Results:1. High Patriarchy
C low communication GBV maximum -1.83
2. High Patriarchy C High communication - GBV seldom - 1.53
3. Low Patriarchy C Low Communication - GBV frequent 1.79
4. Low Patriarchy C High communication -GBVminimum 0.56
KDRT = Gender based violence
high
low
low highcommunication
Patriarchy culture
@Yayasan Gender Harmony: www.genderharmony.info [email protected]
11
GH is delivered via training, dialogue, role
play, gender collaboration & empowerment,
discussion, and games for women and men
@Yayasan Gender Harmony: www.genderharmony.info [email protected]
13
TestimonyGH creates easiest ways to understand what
needed and important in my relationship with partner – young people
If I knew GH before, I wouldn’t break up with my boy friend – young people
I wished to know GH long before I got divorce – mid elderly woman
GH made me understand better women and their disparities – old men, young men
GH brings acceptance why ‘Ladies first’ is there -- men: old and young men
GH made me understand better how to control emotional and not doing something I regret in VAW – old men
www.genderharmony.info
Thank you
No Right No HarmonyNo Harmony No Peace
No Peace No Happiness
Women’s empowerment is Family advancement towards Future
investment
