过去完成时一 . 基本结构 :

二 . 定义 :

三 . 用法 :

Had(not) done had(not) been done

过去完成时的动词表示过去的过去完成的动作或状态 . 常用 by,before,when,until 等词引导时间状语 .

1. 表示过去某一时刻之前完成的动作By the end of last year we had built five new houses.

2. 表示过去某一动作之前完成的动作I had learnt 5000 English words before I entered the university.

• He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ______ her somewhere.(04 湖北 )• A .saw B. has seen C.sees D. had seen

• I arrived late; I _____ the road to be so icy. (04 北京 )• A. couldn’t expect B. haven’t expected• C. hadn’t expected D. wasn’t expected

• -George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding party?• -No, I _____ .Did they have a big wedding?(04湖北 )• A. was not invited B. have not been invited• C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite

• The hotel wasn’t particularly good, but I ___ in many worse hotels.(08北京 )• A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayed

We first met on a train in 2000, we both felt immediately that we ___ each other for years.(08 辽宁 )

• A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know

D

C

C

D

C

3. 用于 told,said, knew, heard,thought,etc 动词后的宾语从句中

She said (that) she had never been to Paris.

4. 一……就……

Sb had hardly/scarcely done sth when +S +Ved…

Sb had no sooner done sth than+S+Ved…

Ie.We had hardly/scarcely arrived when it began to rain.

I had no sooner arrived than it began to rain.

5. 用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句中。

If sb had done sth, S +would have done.

Ie.If you had come earlier, you would have met him.

* 省略（ if) 与倒装 ( 将 had 提至句首）

Ie.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.