JEFFERSON ADMINISTRATIO

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DOMESTIC CHANGES He reduced the amount of taxes paid by

the American people

Severely cut the size of the federal bureaucracy

Jefferson also slashed the size of the army from 12,000 to only 3,000Goal was to limit the national government’s

presence in people’s lives

JEFFERSON His program made him very popular

during his first term. In 1804, he easily won the reelection

HAMILTON AND BURR Jefferson’s greatest rivals were his

ambitious Vice President, Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton In 1804 Burr killed Hamilton in a duelWith one shot Burr removed the leader of

the Federalists and wrecked his own political future

THE JUDICIARY ACTS Jefferson’s relation with the judicial

branch was the most controversial of his first termMostly the Supreme Court

Jefferson was very strict when it came to the ConstitutionNeither the organization or role of the

branch was fully explained in the Constitution

1789 Judiciary Act filled in the details that were missing

This Act established a national court system with 3 circuit courts and 13 district courts

JUDICIARY ACTS In 1801 Congress passed another

Judiciary ActDecreased the number of Supreme Court

justices and increased the number of federal judges Members leaving Congress along with President

Adams, were trying to limit Jefferson’s opportunity to appoint judges to the Supreme Court

Also left behind a powerful group of Federalist judges whose terms were for life

These “midnight judges” angered JeffersonThought he had the right to appoint judges

from his own party

JOHN MARSHALL Federalist leader Serving as Secretary of State when he

was appointed Chief JusticeHeld this position for 34 years

While on the Supreme Court he helped establish many important principles of constitutional law

Also helped build the prestige and authority of the court

MARBURY V. MADISON 1803 President Jefferson tried to block activities of

Federalist judges Before he left office Adams appointed

William Marbury justice of the peace for D.C. Secretary of the State James Madison never

delivered the official papers (under the order of Jefferson)

Marbury sued Madison ordering the SC to let him take his office

Judiciary Act of 1789 allowed them to give such an order

JUDICIAL REVIEW John Marshall reviewed against Marbury

declaring it unconstitutional Marshall declared part of the Judiciary Act of

1789 unconstitutional This was a victory for the Jefferson

administration This established the power of judicial review

This enables federal courts to review state laws and state court decisions to determine if they are keeping with the federal Constitution

Also allows federal courts to decide whether laws passed by Congress are constitutional

NATIVE AMERICAN

RESISTANCE

NATIVE AMERICAN RESISTANCE War in the Old Northwest General Wayne led the Legion of the

United States to victory over the Native Americans at the Battle of the Fallen Timbers

The Native Americans were forced to accept the Treaty of GreenvilleThey lost the southern two-thirds of OhioHad to accept the Ohio River was no longer

a boundary

NATIVE AMERICAN REACTIONS Four broad strategies:

Accepting white culture, blending Indian and American cultures, returning to Indian religious traditions, and taking military actions

ACCEPTING WHITE CULTURE Some Native Americans followed Little

Turtle (a military leader) and adopted some of the Americans’ customs

Many just tried to adopt the customs and live peacefully along side of the white settlers

BLENDING INDIAN AND AMERICAN CULTURES Handsome Lake (part of the Seneca)

followed a different course He was previously confined to a

reservation

He urged Native Americans to abandon war and focus on traditional Indian ritualsBut would also adopt American notions

about land, agriculture, and family life

RETURNING TO INDIAN TRADITIONS “the Prophet” called for a return to

traditional Native American ways and total rejection of European values

Opposed assimilation

He established an increasingly warlike attitude toward the United states

TAKING MILITARY ACTION Chief Tecumseh fought against the

United States in the 1780s and 90s

He believed that Indians’ only hope of resisting American expansion was to unite

Battle of Tippecanoe between Tenskwatawa and Governor HarrisonLasted two hoursNeither side wonShattered Native American spirit