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课标人教实验版高三 Module 9
Unit 4
Reading on P78
Co–Evolution
yucca 丝兰
yucca moth
The Traveller’s
Palm 棕榈树
The Madagascar black lemur
The Ophrys
Orchid 兰花
wasp
Warming up Discuss the question:
What’s the relationship betweenplants and animals?
Pre-reading
Before you read the text, glance quickly
through it and answer these questions.
1. What’s the topic of the text?
2. What three plants are featured?
3. What do the photos show you?
4. What three animal pollinators are
featured?
1. What’s the topic of the text?
2. What three plants are featured?
Co-evolution.
The yucca, the Traveller’s Palm, and
the Ophrys orchid.
3. What do the photos show you?
4. What three animal pollinators are
featured?
Yucca flowers, a Traveller’s Palm,
and an Ophrys orchid.
The yucca moth, the Madagascar
black lemur, a certain kind of wasp
(the male, not the female wasp).
First reading
Now read the text more carefully and
answer these questions.
1. Why can no other animals but the
yucca moth pollinate the yucca?
It’s only the yucca moth which is
the right size and shape to pollinate
the yucca.
2.Can you guess why the Traveller’s
Palm has that name?
The Traveller’s Palm has this name
because travellers used to drink
its nectar when they were thirsty.
3. What do you think “sweet tooth”
means?
If a person or an animal has a “swe
et tooth”, they like sweet food very muc
h.
4. Why do the male wasps try to mate
with the orchid flowers?
The male wasps try to mate with
the orchid flowers because they
look like and smell like female wasps.
5. Why do the female wasps visit the orchi
d flowers? Do they have a role in pollinati
on?
The female wasps visit the orchid
flowers to collect the chemical that the ma
le wasps were attracted to earlier. The fem
ale wasps do not have a role in pollinatio
n since the flowers are dying when they vi
sit them.
Second reading
Now read and think about the adva
ntages and disadvantages of the relati
onships between the plants and pollin
ations described in the text.
Check your understanding and co
mplete the table.
Plant/
pollinator
Advantages Disadvantages
Yucca
Moth
The yucca is certain to be pollinated.
The moth’s caterpillars have a certain supply of food
They are totally dependent on each other for survival.
Plant/
pollinator
Advantages
Disadvantages
Traveller’s
palm
Lemur
The palm’s flower can be opened by the lemur.
The lemur has a source of food.
There is a disadvantage for the palm only if there are no lemurs or other animals present strong enough to open the flowers.
Plant/
pollinator
Advantages Disadvantages
Orchid
Wasp
The orchid is certain to be pollinated.
They are totally dependent on each other for survival.
The female wasps collect a chemical from the orchid needed to attract the males to them.
Discussion
Discuss what you think would happen
to the animal pollinators of each of
the plants described if these plants
died out.
Suggested answers:
The yucca and the yucca moth:
If yucca plants died out, theYucca moth would also die out as the caterpillars need the yucca seeds for food.
The Traveller’s palm and theMadagascar black lemur:
If the Traveller’s palm died out, the Madagascar black lemur would not die out as it can find other sources of food.
The Ophrys orchid and the wasp:
If the Ophrys orchid died out, the wasp would also died out as the female wasp needs the chemicalproduced by the orchid to attract the male wasps.