,, NEW CASTLE STEEL 5-YEAR REVIEW | SAMPLING ...Koumudi A. Ketkar/QC Officer WDCR721/027.51/1 L SAP Revision No. 0 June 15, 1993 SAP CONTENTS Part 1 Introduction U-Part 2 Quality

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',, NEW CASTLE STEEL5-YEAR REVIEW

| SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLANI- Work Assignment No. 90-60-3H66

Contract No. 68-W8-0090I June 1993

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Prepared for

U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyI Region III*- 841 Chestnut Street

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107

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This document has been prepared for the U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency Under Contract No. 68-W8-0090. The material in this document isconfidential and is not to be disclosed to, discussed with, or made availableto any person or persons for any reason without the prior express approvalof a responsible official of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

WDCR45/075.51

APPROVAL SHEETNEW CASTLE STEEL

5-YEAR REVIEW

SAP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

1. Approved:

2.

3.

4.

Reviewed by:

Reviewed by:

Reviewed by:

EPA Region Ill's RPM

EPA Region Hi's CRL

Doue BittermanCH2M fflLL's SM

Koumudi A. Ketkar

Date

Date

6/11/93Date

6/11/93CH2M HILL's Designated QC Officer Date

WDCR721/026.51

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DISTRIBUTION LIST

I EPA Region

Lisa Marino/RPMJeffery Dodd/Central Regional Laboratory

CH2MHILL

Mike Tilchin/ARCS PMDoug Bitterman/ARCS PMJay Vandeven/RTLDoug Bitterman/FTLKoumudi A. Ketkar/QC Officer

WDCR721/027.51/1

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SAP CONTENTS

Part 1 IntroductionU-

Part 2 Quality Assurance Project Plani Appendix A—Special Analytical Services Requests

Part 3 Field Sampling Plan\ Appenciix B—Standard Operating Procedures

Part 4 Site Health and Safety Plan

WDCR721/027.51/2[L

u SAP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

L* "Preface

Liu The Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) is written for the field activities to be conducted as

part of the 5-Year Review at the New Castle Steel site hi New Castle, Delaware. The*"• review is being performed by CH2M HILL for the Environmental Protection Agency] (EPA) Region IH under Work Assignment Number 9Q-60-3H66 under EPA Contract*"* Number 68-W8-0090. The SAP consists of four parts:

1. The Introduction provides a summary of the site background, contamination| characterized at the site to date, and a brief summary of the approved scope ofL.

work.iL

2. The Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPjP)---The QAPjP describes the policy,j organization, functional activities, and quality assurance and quality control pro-

tocols necessary to achieve Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) as dictated by thei intended use of the data.

^y 3. The Field Sampling Plan (FSP)—The FSP provides guidance for all fieldwork bydefining in detail the sampling and data-gathering methods to be used during field

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L 4. The Health and Safety Plan (HSP)—The HSP for the field effort describesCH2M HILL's health and safety program for field activities. The HSP identifies

L- potentially hazardous operations and exposures and prescribes appropriate protectivemeasures.

WDCR721/028.51

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PartiIntroduction

WDCR721/030.51/1

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Section 1

Introduction

I CH2M HILL received Work Assignment (WA) No. 90-60-3H66 to collect samples andanalytical data from soils, groundwater, surface water, and sediments at the New Castle

I Steel Superfiind site in New Castle, Delaware, and to prepare a 5-year review report.L

Background1

Site History

|j The New Castle Steel site is a 3-acre disposal dump located at Ninth Street and WashingtonAvenue in New Castle, Delaware. The site is west of the City's business district and

L approximately 2000 feet northwest of the Delaware River (see Figure 1-1). The siteconsists of two landfill areas which received foundry wastes for a number of years from the

u, Deemer Steel Casting Company, which is located immediately across Ninth Street from the1 site. Deemer Steel Casting Company is the owner of the site.

Since Deemer Steel Casting Company began foundry operations in 1907, solid wastes*- generated by the plant have been piled and periodically spread over the surface of two

disposal areas located across the street. The waste consisted primarily of "black sand",^- which is the non-reclaimable portion of sand molds used in steel casting. The black sandI may contain small amounts of bentonite or corn flour used as * 'binders'' to allow the molds*~ to be formed. In addition, small quantities of slag, coke from an okr furnace operation,

'Sources: US EPA, Superfund Record of Decision; New Castle Steel, DE, March 1988,and Earth Data Inc., Hydrogeological Report of Phase I Investigations at Deemer SteelCasting Co., June 1984.

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Base Map: USGS Wilmington South Quadrangle

Figure 1-1SITE LOCATION MAPNew Castle Steel SiteSCALE: 154,000


iron oxide scale from heat treatment, fine sand dust from the blasting room baghouse,metal scrap were sent to the disposal areas and mixed with the black sand. Approximately1800 cubic yards (2430 tons) of black sand waste are believed to have been generated each

L year.

L An electric furnace was installed at the plant in 1956, and in May 1973 a collection systemand baghouse to collect furnace dust for pollution control was put into operation. About

L 9.6 tons of electric furnace dust was generated per year. Between 1973 and 1980, this dustj was mixed with the black sand waste and spread over the disposal areas.L—'I The Delaware Regulations Governing Hazardous Waste were adopted in November 1980,^ which classified electric furnace dust and any mixture of this material with solid waste as a

RCRA listed hazardous waste (waste number K061) due to the levels of lead, cadmium andu chromium often found hi these wastes. This category included "emission controli dust/sludge from the production of steel in electric furnaces". EPA subsequently changed

the definition of K061 to include only "emission control dust from the primary production! of steel in electric furnaces". As a result of this change, none of the wastes from the^ Deemer Steel plant would qualify as listed hazardous waste. The hazardous/nonhazardous! status of the waste materials under RCRA regulations would be determined solely on the

basis of their characteristics.tL

In December 1980, samples of the electric furnace dust were analyzed and found to be EPI toxic for lead, cadmium and chromium. Prior" to receiving these results, Deemer Steel

began recycling the electric furnace dust for metals recovery. Since that time, no electricI furnace dust was taken to the disposal areas.

I In March 1982, a site inspection was conducted for EPA in conjunction with the DelawareDepartment of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC). Samples of waste

[^ and surface water were collected and analyzed. A report of the field investigations wasprepared which included a toxicological assessment of probable impacts. The site was

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subsequently placed on the CERCLA National Priorities List (NPL), which required furtherinvestigation and potential remedial action under Superfund.

In June 1983, Deemer Steel contracted Earth Data Incorporated to prepare and implementplans for a hydrogeological investigation of the site. In December 1983, and agreementbetween DNREC and Deemer Steel established a three phase program of actions. Phase Iincluded the implementation of a hydrogeological study which was to include only theshallow saturated zone. Phase II included DNREC review of the report andrecommendations to either pursue monitoring and investigation of the deeper Potomacaquifer, or implement a landfill management program in Phase in.

In June 1984, Earth Data Incorporated submitted a hydrogeological study report to EPAand DNREC for review. According to the report, the thickness of wastes deposited in thedisposal areas averaged approximately 10 feet. Wastes were placed over predominantlyunconsolidated marsh sediments, which are underlain by about 50 feet of low-permeabilityclays. The uppermost Potomac aquifer, which is an important drinking water aquifer, islocated about 70 feet below the site.

Based on the results of the hydrogeological investigation, the presence of the confining claylayer, and laboratory analyses of the landfill wastes, the State of Delaware proposed onJanuary 22, 1985 that the New Castle Steel site be deleted from the NPL.

In 1986, Deemer Steel closed their plant due to financial hardship.

In January 1987, additional waste, surface water, and sediment samples were collected byEPA's contractor NUS Corporation. Analytical data from the sampling was evaluated byEPA's contractor Versar, Inc. and used in the preparation of an Endangerment Assessment(EA) report. The EA characterized the magnitude and probability of actual or potentialharm to public health or the environment by threatened or actual releases of hazardoussubstances from the site. The EA process analyzed the expected environmental fate and

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transport of indicator chemicals identified through contaminant screening, and estimated[^ potential routes and extent of exposure.

L Based on the evaluation of all available information and data concerning the New CastleSteel site, EPA determined in March 1988 that no significant risks to human health and the

L environment existed, and issued a No Action ROD for the site. In March 1989, the site, was deleted from the NPL.iL

i Site Characteristics

i The New Castle Steel site is located across Ninth Street from the Deemer Steel CastingL Company foundry buildings and offices (Figure 1-1). Residential areas lie west andj northeast of the property near Washington Avenue and Gray Street. In the direction of the

river, the area is occupied by light industry. Most of this industrial area is situated on; filled land; low marshy ground lies further south towards the river.

i The site is divided into two parts by a city drainage channel that flows towards theDelaware River (see Figure 1-2). The southwestern part of the site occupies about 1.3

: acres and is referred to as the inactive disposal area. The northeastern portion of the siteoccupies about 1.75 acres, and is referred to as the active disposal area. Marshy ground

| that supports grass and reed vegetation surrounds the disposal area on three sides. Thepresent surface of the disposal areas is approximately 10 feet higher than original grade.

i«—The site is located in the Atlantic Coastal Plain physiographic province, which is

[^ characterized by a thick wedge of unconsolidated sediments of Cretaceous to Quaternaryage. Bedrock lies at a depth of between 500 and 600 feet below the site. In northeastern

[_, New Castle County, the Potomac Formation overlies bedrock. The Potomac Formationwas deposited by streams during the early to late Cretaceous period, and consists of

L- variegated clay and silt with interbedded sands. A thin mantle of Pleistocene and Holocene

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(Upstream)

MW-1<D| IMPOSING

MW-1

EMPLOYEEPARKING

MW-2

Legend

> Soil Sample» Monitoring Well

i Surface Water andSediment Sample

(Halfway to River)

MOUSING

Figure 1-2SITE MAP ANDPROPOSED SAMPLINGLOCATIONSNew Castle Steel Site

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Lsediments (Columbia Formation) overlie the Potomac Formation. The Columbia sediments

iL were deposited by rivers fed by melting glaciers to the north, and consist of poorly sorted

sands, gravels, silts, and clays. The Columbia sediments are believed to be absent fromiL the local area of the site, but up to 35 to 60 feet thick east and northeast of the site.

L* Permeable sand layers in the Potomac Formation are an important source of water formunicipalities and industries in the New Castle area. The Potomac aquifer consists ofi

1— many separate sand aquifers with variable degrees of hydraulic interconnection. Theseaquifers also have highly variable hydraulic characteristics. The vertical hydraulicconductivities of the confining layers separating the sands have been measured at between

i 2.9 x 10^ cm/s and 1 x 10"5 cm/s. Recharge to the Potomac aquifer is primarily throughiu the overlying Columbia Formation. Depending on local stratigraphy, the Columbia and| * Potomac aquifers may be isolated or function as a single hydrologic unit.L

i Boring logs from wells and test holes obtained from Delaware Geological Survey filesindicate that approximately 30 to 50 feet of Potomac clays overlie the uppermost sand

i aquifer within a one mile radius of the site. Shallow test borings (under 35 feet belowgrade) at the site conducted by Earth Data Inc. confirmed the existence of at least 9 to 15

I feet of clay underlying waste and surficial silts and sands. Based on the DelawareGeological Survey data and the onsite test boring data, Earth Data Inc. theorized thatbeneath the site, the uppermost Potomac aquifer would be expected at a depth of about 70feet and should be overlain by about 50 feet of low permeability clays.

LGroundwater flow in the shallow saturated zone beneath the site is strongly influenced bythe city drainage channel separating the active and inactive disposal areas. Flow directionsare generally toward the channel with a southerly component of flow near the southernborder of the site adjacent to the marsh. Much of the shallow groundwater flow beneaththe site is likely to discharge into the channel and flow southeast toward the marshy areabordering the site to the south. Discharge of groundwater flowing beneath the site into the

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smaller drainage ditch to the west or into the marshy area to the east of the site is likely tobe minimal.

Nature and Extent of Contamination

Earth Data Inc. collected waste samples in May 1984 from six excavated pits across thesite. Samples were collected at three depths from within each pit, ranging from 0.5 to13.0 feet. Two composite samples were prepared, one each from the active and inactivedisposal areas, and analyzed using the EP (Extraction Procedure) toxicity test. Theconcentrations of the eight metals used to define the characteristic of EP toxicity2 were allbetween 2 and 3 orders of magnitude lower than established limits for EPA toxicity. Onthe basis of the analyses, it was concluded that the waste material in both disposal areaswas not EP toxic.

Additional waste sampling was conducted at the site by NUS Corporation in January 1987.The results did not indicate any significant public health risks with respect to airborne leadexposure or ingestion exposure to toxic or carcinogenic metals.

Groundwater samples collected by Earth Data Inc. in May 1984 from four monitoring wellsat the site indicated that groundwater beneath the site met most drinking water standardsexcept for moderately high levels of iron and manganese. Iron and manganese, in theconcentrations detected at the site, are not of concern with regard to toxicity. Theconcentrations of other constituents, including lead, cadmium and chromium, were wellbelow the levels established as Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) under the SafeDrinking Water Act.

Earth Data Inc. collected surface water samples in 1984 from 2 locations in the citydrainage ditch. Lead was detected at concentrations above the US EPA Ambient Water

2Arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver.

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I- SAP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

! /:,-*,_

L-Quality Criteria (AWQC), while arsenic, chromium, and nickel were below all acute and

[_ chronic AWQC. Cadmium was below the acute and not significantly different than thechronic AWQC.

LNUS Corporation collected 11 surface water samples (including 2 upstream background

L samples) at the site in January 1987. Three of the 9 downstream samples contained lead at, concentrations exceeding the AWQC. Eight of the 9 samples exceeded the lowest chronicL- levels of lead for water of medium hardness. The upstream background samples also

exceeded AWQC for lead.L—', Also in January 1987, 21 soil and sediment samples were collected from offsite locations,*- including background locations not materially affected by the site, locations near the site,

and locations topographically downgradient from the site. In several instances, background^ concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead and nickel exceeded downgradient. concentrations, indicating that other source areas significantly contributed to the^ concentrations detected.

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PartiQuality Assurance Project Plan

Appendix A—Special Analytical Services Requests

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QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

; QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLANL

FOR

NEW CASTLE STEEL (5-YEAR REVIEW)

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June 1993

WDCR721/031.51

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CONTENTS

PART 2

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Section

123456789101112131415

Tables

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3-1

4-14-2

IntroductionProject DescriptionProject Organization and ResponsibilitiesQuality Assurance ObjectivesSample Collection ProceduresSample CustodyEquipment CalibrationAnalytical ProceduresData Validation and ReportingInternal Quality Control ChecksPerformance and Systems AuditsPreventive MaintenanceData Assessment ProceduresCorrective ActionsQuality Assurance Reports

Target Analyate List (TAL) Metals

QA Project Personnel

Precision, Accuracy, and Completeness Quantitative GoalsCollection Frequencies of Field QC^Samples

Page

1-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-1

10-111-112-113-114-115-1

7-1 Field Equipment Calibration Standards

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4-34-4

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Figures

3-1 CH2M HILL Project Organization

11-1 Field Performance Audit Checklist

14-1 Corrective Action Request Form

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11-2

14-3

WDCR721/032.51/ 11


ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONSJ

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ARARs Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate RequirementsASM ARCs sample managerAWQC ambient water quality criteriaBNA Base neutral acid extractablesCA Corrective actionCERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and LiabilityCLP Contract Laboratory Program

COC Chain-of-CustodyCPMS Contract Project Management Section

CRDL Contract required detection limitCRL Central Regional LaboratoryCRP Community Relations PlanCRS Cultural Resource SurveyCSL Close Support LaboratoryDCE DichloroetheneDNREC Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental ControlDO Dissolved oxygenDQO Data quality objectiveDV Data validatorEM ElectromagneticEPA U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyEPIC EPA Photographic Interpretation CenterFHB Field Handling BlankFI Field InvestigationFM Field manager

FOM Field operations managerFS Feasibility Study

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FSP Field sampling planGC Gas chromatographHSP Health and safety planHPLC High pressure liquid chromatographyHRS Hazard Ranking SystemMCL Maximum Contaminant LevelMS Matrix spikeMSD Matrix spike duplicateMSL Mean sea levelNCP National Contingency PlanNPL National Priorities ListO&M Operation and maintenancePARCC Precision, accuracy, representativeness, completeness and comparabilityPCBs Polychlorinated biphenylsPCE Tetrachloroetheneppb Parts per billionppm Parts per millionPVC Polyvinyl chlorideQA Quality assuranceQAM Quality assurance mangerQAPjP Quality assurance project planQC Quality controlRAS Routine analytical serviceRCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery ActRD/RA Remedial design/remedial actionRfD Reference doseRl Remedial InvestigationROD Record of decisionRPD Relative percent differenceRPM Remedial Project Manager

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RSCC Regional sample control centerRTL Review Team LeaderSAP Sampling and Analysis PlanSARA Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization ActSAS Special analytical servicesSC Sample collectorSI Site InvestigationSM Site managerSMO Sample management officeSOPs Standard Operating ProceduresSOW Statement of WorkSSC Site safety coordinatorSSP Site safety planTAL Target analyte listTBC To be consideredTCA TrichloroethaneTCE TrichloroetheneTCL Target compound listTDS Total dissolved solidsTSS Total suspended solidsUCTDR Unnamed Creek Tributary to the Delaware Riverug/1 Micrograms per literXRF X-Ray Fluorescence

WDCR721/033.51


Section 1i

Introduction i%7;V

j Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) policy as stated in the Guidance for Conducting^ Remedial Investigations and Feasibility Studies Under CERCLA (U.S. EPA, 1988), requires[ implementation of a quality assurance (QA) program for a hazardous waste site

investigation. This requirement applies to all environmental monitoring and measurement| efforts mandated by or supported by EPA.L.-

[ Each investigator has the responsibility to implement procedures that address precision,accuracy, completeness, representativeness, and comparability of the data. In addition, theinvestigator should specify acceptable quality levels for data. To meet this responsibilityuniformly, each investigator must have a written QA Project Plan (QAPjP) covering each

* • . . . . ,I project that is investigated.

I. This document represents the QAPjP for the 5-Year Review field activities to be conductedat the New Castle Steel site. The QAPjP presents, in specific terms, the policies, objectives,

P , organization, functional activities, and QA and quality control (QC) activities designed toachieve the data quality goals of the specific project. Where possible, existing QA/QC

L guidelines, policies, programs, and other specifics are incorporated into the QAPjP byreference.

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^ QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993i • •

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Section2 '

- Project Description

i Project Objectivesta*

j The overall objective of the project is to conduct a 5-Year Review of the New Castle Steelsite which evaluates the protectiveness to the public and the environment of the no action

j remedial alternative which has been selected for this site. The general objectives are to:^~r*^

: • Perform sampling and analysis for the contaminants of concern inIM

groundwater, soil, surface water, and sediments at the site.

L* Review the existing documents and information concerning previous and

jj current investigations and regulatory actions followed by the development ofa 5-year review report. This report will provide conclusions and

L recommendations regarding the protectiveness of the no action remedialalternative selected in the ROD for the site.

^ QAPjP Objectivesi^" The QAPjP objectives are to specify procedures required to obtain precise, accurate,) complete, representative, and comparable sample results, and to specify sampling and

analytical procedures that will permit identification of the compounds of concern. TheI contaminants identified in previous investigations at the site are included in the Site History

section in Part 1 of this SAP.

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Scope of the Field Activities

The scope of the field activities will include the collection and analysis of the followingsamples:

Groundwater Sampling. There are reported to be four existing monitoring wells (MW-1through -4) located at the New Castle Steel site (See Figure 1-2 in Part 1 of this document).At each of the existing monitoring wells that can be located, measurements will be taken ofthe depth to water and the total depth of the well. In addition, a visual inspection of eachwell will be performed. Notes will be recorded regarding the condition of the well,including the integrity of the protective casing or flush-mount cover, whether settlement orother degradation of the annular seal is apparent, and whether or not the well has afunctional locking mechanism to prevent tampering.

Following the visual inspection and initial measurements, each monitoring well will bepurged and sampled. One monitoring well will be sampled in duplicate. At least 5 volumesof standing water in each well will be purged prior to sampling, provided that the well isnot purged dry before 5 volumes have been discharged. Measurements of pH, temperature,and conductivity will be recorded after each well volume is purged. Additional volumeswill be purged to redevelop the well if the turbidity of the water being discharged remainshigh after 5 well volumes. Both filtered (for dissolved metals analysis) and unfiltered (fortotal metals analysis) groundwater samples will be collected from each well followingpurging.

Groundwater samples will be stored in an iced cooler immediately after collection, and beshipped via overnight carrier to a CLP laboratory scheduled through the Central RegionLaboratory (CRL), for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals analysis (both dissolved and total).The analytes included in the TAL are shown in Table 2-1.

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Table 2-1TARGET ANALYTE LIST (TAL)

METALSAluminum

AntimonyArsenic

Barium

BerylliumCadmiumCalcium

Chromium

CobaltCopper

CyanideIron

LeadMagnesium

Manganese

Mercury

Nickel

PotassiumSelenium

Silver

Sodium

Thallium

VanadiumZinc

Soil Sampling. CH2M HILL will collect two soil samples from each of the landfill areas;one soil sample will be collected in duplicate, for a total of 5 soil samples. Approximateproposed sampling locations are depicted in Figure 1-2 in Part 1 of this document.Sampling will be performed where the absence of vegetation and surficial exposure of theblack foundry waste material is apparent. Sampling locations will be spaced to provide aseven coverage of the landfill sites as possible.

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A clean hand auger will be used for soil sample collection. Each sample will be acomposite of soils from 0 to 6 inches below grade. Although difficult hand augeringconditions are expected in the foundry waste due to slag and debris, it is anticipated that adepth of 6 inches can be achieved by relocating the borehole when obstructions areencountered.

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Soil samples will be stored in an iced cooler immediately after collection, and be shippedvia overnight carrier to a CLP laboratory scheduled through the CRL, for TAL metalsanalysis (See Table 2-1).

Surface Water and Sediment Sampling. CH2M HILL will collect surface water andsediment samples from 6 locations at the site; duplicate surface water and sediment sampleswill be collected at one of the locations, for a total of 7 surface water and 7 sedimentsamples. Approximate proposed sampling locations are indicated in Figure 1-2 in Part 1 ofthis document. The proposed sampling locations include: (1) one set of samples from adrainage ditch which borders the inactive site to the west, at the point closest to the landfill;(2) four sets of samples from the city drainage ditch which divides the active and inactivesites, including well upstream of the site (background), just downstream of Ninth Street(where the ditch enters the site), at the downstream end of the site (where the ditch leavesthe site), and well downstream of the site (approximately half of the distance between thesite and the Delaware River); and (3) one set of samples from a marshy pond-like arealocated just east of the active site, at the point closest to the landfill.

During surface water sample collection, a number of field parameters will be measured andrecorded, including temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, conductivity, and an estimateof the flow rate of the surface water body. The field parameters measured and recordedduring sediment sample collection include temperature, Eh, pH, conductivity, and color

(based on a Munsell color chart). Samples will be stored in an iced cooler immediatelyafter collection, and be shipped via overnight carrier to a CLP laboratory scheduled throughthe CRL. Surface water and sediment samples will be analyzed for total TAL metalsanalysis (See Table 2-1). In addition, surface water samples will be analyzed in thelaboratory for total suspended solids (TSS), alkalinity, and hardness. Sediment samples willalso be analyzed in the laboratory for total organic carbon (TOC), grain size distribution,and moisture content.

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Project Schedule

The sampling will occur during the last week of June 1993.

WDCR721/035.51

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LSections

i_ Project Organization and Responsibilities

i This work assignment will be managed out of CH2M HILL's Reston, Virginia, office. The"" investigation will be staffed with personnel from the Reston, Virginia, office. Specialists in other| technical areas will be brought in as needed.

! To provide the required technical support, CH2M HILL has assembled a project team. TheL—**

project team organization is shown in Figure 3-1. The responsibilities of key members of thej project team are discussed below. Table 3-1 lists the QA Project Personnel.

L Site Manager (SM)

[_ The site manager (SM), will be responsible for managing the execution of project tasks and usingthe resources of the project team in the most efficient manner. The SM will be responsible for

L all technical, financial, administrative, and Agency-related aspects of the project. The SM willact as the primary contact between CH2M HILL and the U.S. EPA remedial project manager

l^/ (RPM). Doug Bitterman is the SM for the New Castle Steel site.\

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i~ Review Team

*"* A quality control (QC) review team has been organized to meet the specific technical needs oft the project. The ARCS program manager (PM) will make sure that all work is performed in'- accordance with the Region III ARCS Management Plan (CH2M HILL, 1989).

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r r r " r r r r~ r

WDCWIM-RQStHfll (WDC)

FIELD TEAMLEADER

Doug Brtterman

SAMPLECOLLECTORS

EfftRPM

Lisa Marino

SITE MANAGER

Doug Bitterman

ARCSPROGRAM MANAGER

M. Benin

REVIEW TEAMLEADER

Jay Vandeven

ARCS SAMPLEMANAGER

J.Lovett

ANALYTICAL QCOFFICER

Rgure3-1CH2M HILL PROJECT ORGANIZATION

New Castte Steel Site5-Year Revtew


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Table 3-1QA PROJECT PERSONNEL

Site ManagerField Team Leader

Site Safety Coordinator

ARCS Program Manager

Analytical QC Officer

ARCS Sample Manager

Review Team Leader

Doug BittermanCH2M HILL

P.O. Box 4400Reston, VA 22090

703/471-1441

Mike TilchinCH2M HILL


703/471-1441Koumudi A. Ketkar

CH2M HILLP.O. Box 4400

Reston, VA 22090703/471-1441

Julie LovettCH2M HILL


703/471-1441

Jay VandevenCH2M HILL


703/471-1441

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Mike Tilchin is the ARCS PM. The review team leader (RTL) will coordinate the reviewteam and will be involved in all technical aspects of the project. Jay Vandeven is the RTL.

Data Validator (DV)

Full data validation will be performed for TAL/^N And SAS parameters. The data^->\validator (DV) will systematically review the analytical data for compliance with the

established QA/QC criteria based on the spike, duplicate, and blank results provided by thelaboratory. The DV will also investigate holding tunes, and determine data usability.

The Central Regional Laboratory (CRL) of EPA in Annapolis, Maryland, will perform datavalidation of all the data and will prepare the data validation report. The QC Officer willcoordinate and attend meetings with the Central Regional Laboratory (CRL), whennecessary.

ARCS Sample Manager (ASM)

The primary responsibility of the ASM will be processing the samples and the analyticaldata. The ASM will perform the following duties:

• Coordinate with Region in for delivery of the appropriate paperwork forsample collection, custody, and shipping.

• Schedule through Region III for analytical laboratory services by either theContract Laboratory Program (CLP) or the Region's Central RegionalLaboratory (CRL).

• Order sample bottles from an EPA approved bottle supplier.

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*- QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

L /-• Process analytical results in parallel with validation, and present the results

^ in tabular format for the final report.

_ Analytical QC Officer

*- The QC officer reviews and advises on all aspects of field and laboratory QA/QC. Wheni required, responsibilities include:Li • Preparation of SAS requestsL-'i • Conducting field audits (if required) during execution of the programM . •

( • Auditing sample custody to determine if procedures specified in SAP areLrf

followed

L• Ensuring that field analytical QA procedures are as specified in the QA/QC

program

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Making QC evaluations and, if necessary, submitting audit samples to assistin reviewing QA/QC procedures

• Issuing corrective action orders when necessary

L .Field Team Leader (FTL)

LThe FTL will be present during field activities. Responsibilities include:

L. * Assisting in the collection of samples

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• Verifying that samples are collected, labeled, preserved, stored, andtransported as specified in the SAP

• Checking that all sample documentation (labels, field notebooks, chain-of-custody records, packing lists) is correct and transmitting that informationwith the samples to the analytical laboratory

Doug Bitterman will be the FTL.

Sample Collectors (SC)

&>-^ The SCs will be supervised by the FTL. The SCs will:

*> • Collect and label samples following the procedures outlined in the FSP-^ • Take photographs of the sampling locations and wells

• Complete all necessary documentation• Pack and ship samples

Site Safety Coordinator (SSC)

The site safety coordinator will be responsible for monitoring team members' adherence tothe site safety requirements, as described hi the health and safety plan; modifying the levelsof protection based on site conditions; determining and posting locations and routes tomedical facilities, including poison control centers; arranging for emergency transportationto medical facilities; examining field team members for symptoms of exposure or stress;and providing emergency first aid onsite, as necessary. Doug Bitterman will serve as theSCC during field activities.

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"- QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993i

Section 4jL Quality Assurance Objectives

: Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) are established for each major sample collection effort as*"" specified hi the Data Quality Objectives: Remedial Guidance for Uncontrolled Hazardousi Waste Sites. For Remedial Response Activities (U.S. EPA, 1987). DQOs are the

quantitative and qualitative descriptions of the quality of data required to support an! environmental decision or action. As target values for data quality, they are not necessarilyU*^/

criteria for acceptance or rejection of data. The data user develops DQOs for a specific, purpose. Everyone from the data gatherer to the analytical laboratory is involved in theb»

process from the beginning. The DQO development process involves three stages,i[ including:

I • Definition of the question or decision to be madeL*

• Clarification and precise identification of the information requiredL • Data collection program design

i , The following paragraphs describe the DQOs for the sampling of each media at the New••X. /

Castle Steel Site.ihw

In order to achieve the established DQOs, a combination of laboratory services will be usedL for a more efficient use of time and money. Various levels of data quality will be used as

described below:tL; • Screening (Level I) provides the lowest data quality but the most rapid*- results. The generated data will provide presence-absence indications of! certain constituents, and are generally qualitative, rather than quantitative.^ These analyses will include onsite measurements of pH, Eh, conductivity,

4-1


temperature, and dissolved oxygen for groundwater, surface water, andsediment samples.

* Field Analysis (Level II) provides rapid results and better quality data thanLevel I. No Level II data is planned at the site.

• Engineering (Level III) provides an intermediate level of data quality and isused for site characterization. Engineering analyses may include mobilelaboratory-generated data and contract laboratory program (CLP) analyticallaboratory methods, usually without the validation or documentation requiredby CLP Level IV analysis.

Confirmational (Level IV) provides the highest level of data quality and isused for risk assessment, engineering design, and cost recovery docu-mentation. Confirmation analyses require full CLP analytical and data

validation procedures.

Analysis by Non-Standard Methods (Level V) applies to analysesperformed in an offsite analytical laboratory that may or may not be a CLPlaboratory. Method development or method modification may be required

for specific constituents or detection limits. CLP special analytical services(SAS) are Level V.

This investigation will generate Levels I, IV, and V analytical data. Level IV and Vanalytical data will ensure detection limits that will allow comparison with ARARs for soilsand water.

The Level I data to be generated include field measurements of parameters such as pH, Eh,temperature, and conductivity of water and sediment samples. These types of data will beused to evaluate the adequacy of well development and purging procedures.

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Laboratory analyses of samples from the site will be performed to obtain Level IVanalytical data. These analyses will include the routine analytical services (RAS) providedby the CLP or Central Regional Laboratory (CRL). Level IV data have standard detectionlimits and documentation. Level V analytical data will incluoesSAS analyses for parametersnot covered under the RAS program.

The overall QA objective is to develop and implement procedures for field sampling, chain-of-custody, laboratory analysis, and reporting that will provide legally defensible results ina court of law. This section addresses objectives for field QC audits; accuracyj.precision;and sensitivity of laboratory analyses; level of QA effort; method detection limits; andcompleteness, representativeness, and comparability. Table 4-1 shows the quantitative goalsfor the QC parameters for the chemical analysis that will be performed on the samples forthis project. These parameters will be determined by the quality control measures taken inthe field and hi the laboratory. Field activities will be assessed by blanks and duplicates.Laboratory activities will be subject to the Sample Management Office (SMO) compliancescreening. The frequencies of QC measures are shown in Table 4-2 and are described inSection 10 of this QAPjP.

Table 4-1PRECISION, ACCURACY, AND COMPLETENESS QUANTITATIVE GOALS*

ParametersTAL - Metals

Cyanide (total)

Hardness

TSS

Grain Size

TOC

Alkalinity

Precision (RelativePercent Difference)

<±20

<±20

<±20

<±20

<±30

<±20

<±20

Accuracy% Spike Recovery

80-120

80-120

80-120

80-120

~

80-120

80-120

% Completeness

85

85

85

85

85

85

85

*These DQOs are adequate as guidelines to provide data of acceptable quality for the investigation. Ifthe analytical method lists criteria that have limits that are expanded relative to these, then the methodcriteria for those compounds will take precedence. Surrogate recoveries, MS/DUP recoveries andRPDs accuracy criteria will consist of those established by the method.

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QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15 1993

Table 4-2COLLECTION FREQUENCIES OF FIELD QC SAMPLES

Analysis

TAL - Metals*

Cyanide (total)

Hardness

Alkalinity

TSS

TOC

Grain Size

Field HandlingBlank

I/day per matrix

I/day per matrix

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

Held Duplicate

1/20 samples permatrix







Additional Volume Needed ofAny One Sample

for MS/DUP

Double volume per 20 samples

Double volume per 20 samples

Double volume per 20 samples(for duplicate only)




Not applicable

*Both total and dissolved metals.

WDCR723/001.51

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Precision

Precision is the measure of the agreement or repeatability of a set of replicate resultsobtained from repeat determinations made under the same conditions. The precision of .aduplicate determination can be expressed as the relative percent difference (RPD), asdetermined by the following equation:

RPD = x:,' 20°where: X! ~ first duplicate value

X2 = second duplicate value

For a given laboratory analysis, the replicate RPD values are tabulated, and the mean and\ standard deviation of the RPD are calculated. Control limits for precision are usually plus

or minus two standard deviations from the mean.

.L • • Accuracyii -

L Accuracy is a measure of the agreement between an experimental determination and thetrue value of the parameter being measured. Analytical accuracy can be determined using

i- known reference materials or matrix spikes. Spiking of reference materials into the actualI sample matrix is the preferred technique because it quantifies the effects of the matrix on^ the analytical accuracy. Accuracy can be expressed as the percent recovery (P) determined, by the following equation:L

L


P = SSR " SR x 100SA

where: SSR = spiked sample resultSR = sample results (native)SA = spike added

For this investigation, the accuracy statement that can be generated for the analyticallaboratory is through the use of the matrix spike.

Accuracy and precision will be monitored by using field duplicate, matrix spike, andmatrix duplicate samples. Blanks and duplicates will be handled in the same way as thesamples they accompany. A surrogate spike is a spiked sample similar to a matrix spike.However, surrogates are compounds which are similar to the analytes of interest inchemical composition, but which are not normally found in environmental samples.Known quantities of surrogates are added to all blanks, standards and samples prior tosample extraction and recoveries are monitored.

Variations from 100 percent recovery for surrogates and matrix spikes may be due tomatrix interferences, laboratory handling procedures or heterogeneities between samplealiquots. Although these data alone cannot evaluate accuracy and precision of individualsamples, they will assess the long-term accuracy and precision of the analytical method forthe sampling event.

Representativeness

Representativeness is a measure of the degree to which sample data accurately andprecisely represent parameter variations at a sampling point. It is also a measure of howclosely the measured results reflect the actual distribution and concentration of certainchemical compounds in each of the matrices sampled. Representativeness should be

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^ QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993i

Lconsidered as an objective to be achieved, rather than a characteristic which can be

,_ described in quantitative terms. It can be evaluated based on two different criteria. Theanalytical results must adequately characterize the sample and the process or condition that

;- was being investigated. Proper analytical technique employed with a comprehensiveQA/QC program will ensure the first criterion, and suitable sampling ensure the second

fc- criterion. The FSP describes the procedures to collect the samples. This process will

: generate samples that are as representative as possible. Documentation of field procedures,*~ as described in the FSP, will establish that protocols have been followed and that sample

identification and integrity have been maintained.

- . ,Completeness

L •Completeness is defined as the percentage of analytical measurements made that are judged

! to be valid with validity being defined by the DQOs. Percent completeness is calculated asthe number of valid analyses divided by the total number of analyses performed, multiplied

t by 100. The completeness objective has been set at 85 percent for the project. WhereDQOs are not defined, the completeness check will include accountability of results for allsamples shown on chain-of-custody forms.

ComparabilityLI Comparability is the term that describes the confidence with which one data set can be*- compared to another. Comparability refers to such issues as using standardized samplingI and analytical techniques and using consistent reporting units. This criterion becomes*•- important if more than one field team is collecting samples or more than one laboratory isj analyzing the samples. It is also important to be able to compare data from various

sampling rounds.

I WDCR721/037.51 4-7


r

LSection 5

L Sample Collection Procedures

Ls A detailed description of sampling procedures is provided in the FSP. Procedures are

included that describe, at a minimum:

U • Sample plan design considerations

L^• Sampling point selection

L• Sample packing, handling, and shipment including time considerations, and

i| field filtration procedures

t ' • Special conditions for sample container preparation and time requirementskM

j_ • Preparation and use of field blanks

I ,l^^/ • Documentation of sampling activities (field forms, logbooks, photologs to

record sample history, sampling conditions, and sample analyses to beI '^ conducted)

L • Decontamination of personnel and equipment

LWDCR723/002.51

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L5-1

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Section 6

Sample Custody

It is U.S. EPA Region III policy to follow the U.S. EPA sample custody or chain-of-custody protocols as described in "NEIC Policies and Procedures/* EPA-330/9-78-001-R,revised June 1985. These chain-of-custody procedures consist of three parts: samplecollection, laboratory, and final evidence files. Final evidence files, including all originalsor laboratory reports, and purge files are maintained under document control in a securearea.

A sample or evidence file is under your custody if it:

• Is in your possession• Is in your view after being in your possession• Was in your possession and you placed it in a secured location

|| • Is in a designated secure area

LJ^> The sample packaging and shipment procedures summarized below will ensure that thesamples will arrive at the laboratory with the chain-of-custody intact.

LField-Specific Custody Procedures

»- The field sampler is personally responsible for the care and custody of the samples until; they are transferred or properly dispatched. As few people as possible should handle the*- samples.

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QAPjP Revision No. 0 _.June 15, 1993

JAll sample containers will be labeled and tagged with sample numbers and locations. The

!

Sample Management Office number and stickers will be affixed. Iw*4

Sample tags are to be completed for each sample using waterproof ink unless prohibited by jweather conditions. For example, a logbook notation would explain that a pencil was usedto fill out the sample tag because permanent ink pen would not function in freezing weather. j

The Contractor's site manager must review all field activities to determine whether proper ^jcustody procedures were followed during the fieldwork and decide if additional samples are t

required. He or she should notify the EPA Remedial Project Manager of a breach or Jirregularity in chain-of-custody procedures. .

M

Details of exact location and any specific considerations associated with the sample iacquisition will be recorded in the field logbook by the sample. *••

Samples are accompanied by a properly completed chain-of-custody form. The sample **numbers and locations will be listed on the form. When transferring the possession of ;samples, the individuals relinquishing and receiving will sign, date, and note the time on therecord. This record documents transfer of custody of samples from the sampler to another \

vwJperson, to the permanent laboratory, or to/from a secure storage area.

Samples will be properly packaged for shipment and dispatched to the appropriatelaboratory for analysis, with a separate signed custody record enclosed in each sample boxor cooler. The appropriate chain-of-custody documents will (SOP 12) be used depending onwhether the analytical laboratory is CRL or through the CLP. Shipping containers will belocked and secured with strapping tape and EPA custody seals for shipment to thelaboratory. The preferred procedure includes use of a signed custody seal attached to thefront right and back left of the cooler. The custody seals are covered with clear plastictape. The cooler is strapped shut with strapping tape in at least two locations. •

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^ QAPjP Revision No. 0{ June 15, 1993iL

Whenever samples are split with a source or government agency, a separate sample receiptL. is prepared for those samples and marked to indicate with whom the samples are being split.

The person relinquishing the samples to the facility or agency should request theL- representative's signature acknowledging sample receipt. If the representative is unavailable

or refuses, this is noted in the "received by" space.LI All shipments will be accompanied by the chain-of-custody record identifying the contents.i •^ The appropriate copies will accompany the shipment, and the original and appropriatei copies will be retained by the sampler for return to the EPA and SMO. COC forms detaili,«•—^

copy disposition.

If the samples are sent by common carrier, a bill of lading should be used. Receipts of billsI of lading will be retained as part of the permanent documentation. If sent by mail, the

package will be registered with return receipt requested. Commercial carriers are not} • required to sign off on the custody form as long as the custody forms are sealed inside the

sample cooler, and the custody seals remain intact.

i * . Transfer of CustodyU>s-X

\ ;

L A chain-of-custody (COC) form is to be completed before samples are shipped. The personinvolved in relinquishing and receiving the samples will sign, date, and note the time of

[_ sample receipt on the COC form. Each sample shipment will be accompanied by a COCrecord that identifies the contents of the shipment. There are separate COC records

L^ depending on whether the analyses are for organics, inorganics, SAS parameters, or whenanalyses will be performed by the CRL.

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Laboratory Custody Procedures

Contract Laboratory

f

The chain-of-custody procedures for the Contract Laboratory Program are described in theSOWs for RAS. This same custody procedure applies to SAS. These custody proceduresalong with the holding time requirements for CLP samples are described in the appropriateSOW document.

Central Regional Laboratory Chain of Custody

When the CRL is the analytical laboratory, only chain-of-custody forms are submitted withthe sample. The CRL will follow their internal sample custody procedures.

Sample Disposal

Unless otherwise instructed, the analytical laboratory will dispose of unused sampleportions, according to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations, afterthe analyses have been completed and any outstanding issues between the contractor and thelaboratory have been resolved.

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*- QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

LData Submittal by The Laboratory

All CLP-RAS data are submitted in the format specified in the CLP User's Guide and mostcurrent and applicable CLP statements of work (SOWs). Requirements for data submittedfor analyses not covered in the CLP-SOW (such as all SAS requests) are specified in the

>Special Analysis Requests to the laboratory. When CRL is the analytical laboratory, rawdata are maintained by CRL and a validated data package is provided to the RPM and SM.

Final Evidence FileL

The final evidence files from the CRL and the CLP are maintained by the Regional CRLj Laboratory Support Team Data Coordinator.

* The Contractor maintains the files along with all relevant records, reports, logs, field•>• «notebooks, pictures, subcontractor reports and CPMS data reviews in a secured, limitedi

[^ access area and under custody of the Contractor's site manager.

L>^_y A CLP laboratory is required to retain and deliver to EPA all materials pertaining to the

( sample and its analysis in the format and time frame specified in the CLP-SOW. AnyL additional requirements not covered in the CLP-SOW are identified in the SAS requests.

CRL validated data packages are maintained in the same manner as the CLP raw dataL packages.

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LSection?

i- Equipment Calibration

L' Various instruments will be used in the field and in the laboratory to collect data andL

monitor site conditions. Proper calibration, maintenance, and use of these instruments is| important for collecting quality data. A record of calibration and maintenance activities isu-

as important as the data record itself in order to verify the delivery of quality data.

L^[_ field Equipment Calibration

i • • 'ij The following field equipment to be used during the field activities requires calibration:

\L • pH meter

• Conductivity meterL • Dissolved oxygen meter

] , .i~V-/ The field equipment will be calibrated before and periodically during each day's usei according to procedures and schedules outlined in the FSP and in the SOPs in Appendix B.^- The standards which will be used to calibrate these instruments are shown in Table 7-1.

; Standards will be purchased as necessary from appropriate vendors. Information about each*~ standard including the manufacturer, lot number, and description will be entered into the» field notebook. This information will be used to trace standards.L ') The calibration results will be recorded in the field log books and summarized in the

calibration sheets found in the SOPs in Appendix B of FSP.tL , , = , -iL

7-1L


Table 7-1FIELD EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION STANDARDS

Instrument

pH Meter

Conductivity

Dissolved Oxygen

CalibrationStandard

pH 4 and 7Buffers

EC 225 and1,000 /is/cm

KC1 in HPLCwater

Span

N/A

N/A

N/A '

Reading

N/A

N/A

N/A

Method

N/A

N/A

N/A

If an individual suspects an equipment malfunction, the device will be removed fromservice, tagged so that it is not inadvertently used, and the ARCS equipment managernotified so that a substitute piece of equipment can be obtained. Backup equipment will beavailable in the field for use in the event of a malfunction.

Equipment that fails calibration or becomes inoperable during use will be removed fromservice and tagged so that it is not inadvertently used. Such equipment will be repairedand satisfactorily recalibrated. Equipment that cannot be repaired will be replaced.

Results of activities performed using equipment that has failed recalibration will beevaluated. If the results are adversely affected, the outcome of the evaluation will bedocumented and the SM notified.

Laboratory Calibration

The CLP or CRL laboratory itself is responsible for equipment and instrument calibrationand maintenance. Manufacturer's guidance should be followed for general upkeep. The

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L QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

(L-

laboratory is also required to comply with calibration criteria specified in the CLP User's[ Guide and instructions provided with requests for non-RAS analyses.

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WDCR723/006.51

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! 7-3


LSections

L

L

Analytical Procedures

* Samples collected during the field activities will be analyzed by the CRL or a CLPlaboratory. Field measurements will also be taken for some of the matrices sampled. These

j field measurements include field screening of pH, specific conductance, Eh, and temperatureL* (for aqueous samples). The details on the number of samples and analytical methods are| , provided in the FSP.L^

1 The media to be sampled include: soil, sediments, groundwater, and surface water.k»

LRoutine Analytical Service (RAS)

LAnalyses for TAL inorganics will be performed using the 1990 CLP Statement of Work.

L The SOWs will include most recent versions. Analytical procedures for samples analyzedfor RAS parameters by the CRL or CLP laboratories are specified in the appropriate CLP

Lx_^ SOWs for organic and inorganic analyses. These criteria cannot be altered under the CLPI RAS. Any alternation in the criteria will result in a SAS request, which is handledL differently from RAS.

The ASM will arrange RAS laboratory scheduling. The ASM will notify personnel at thei Regional Sample Control Center (RSCC) at the CRL who will in turn notify the SMO of"- planned sampling schedules in sufficient time to allow for assignment and scheduling of thej laboratories. The sample shipments, as they occur, will be reported by field personnel to

. the SMO within 24 hours of the shipment.

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8-1L-


Special Analytical Service (SAS)

Any alteration to the RAS requirements is considered a SAS. Laboratory assignments andscheduling are handled differently for SAS requests than for RAS requests. A detailed SASrequest form, including analytical procedures, QC requirements, and data deliverablerequirements must be prepared and provided to the laboratory. The CRL is responsible forthe review and approval of SAS requests. SAS requests require a sufficient lead time inorder for the RSCC and SMO to initiate and review bids from laboratories and award acontract. Any delay in submitting a completed SAS to the RSCC or SMO may result insampling delays. The SAS request forms for the sampling activities can be found inAppendix A of this SAP.

Sample Preparation

Methods for preparing samples of various matrices for RAS analyses are found hi theappropriate CLP SOWs. Methods for preparing samples for SAS analyses are found in thesite-specific SAS request forms, or in the analytical procedure referenced in the SASs.

Instrument Performance Criteria

Minimum performance specifications for analytical instruments used in RAS or SASanalyses are found in the appropriate CLP SOWs for RASs or are described in the SASrequest form for SASs. A laboratory must meet these criteria before initiating the analysisof samples.

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*-• QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

IL.

Detection Limits

Minimum method detection limits that a CLP laboratory must achieve for RAS analyses arefound hi the appropriate CLP SOWs. For SAS analyses, the minimum method detectionlimits will be specified in the site-specific SAS requests.

*•" Initial and Continuing Calibration Criteria

^ The requirements for initial calibration and daily or continuing calibration are specified inthe appropriate CLP SOWs for RAS analyses and in the site-specific SAS requests for SASanalyses.

Ii_ Laboratory QC Criteria

IL Criteria for determining the accuracy and precision of the analytical methods and laboratory

preparation procedures involve blanks, surrogates, matrix spikes, and duplicate analyses.The exact procedures and frequencies for these QC methods are specified in the appropriate

, CLP SOWs for RAS analyses and in the site-specific SAS requests for SAS analyses.L; Data TransmittaiL*

The time, format, and content requirements for the submittal of deliverables are specified inthe appro

i analyses.L

L

the appropriate CLP SOWs for RAS analyses and in the site-specific SAS requests for SAS

WDCR723/007.51ii

8-3


LSection 9

L- Data Validation and Reporting

LData validation and reporting are steps in the overall management and use of both field andlaboratory data.

I ^_y Data Validation

i Full data validation of RAS analytical data will be conducted by CRL in accordance withRegion III General Guidance for Data Review, June 1992, and the most current version of

i

L the following EPA documents:

L 1 • Laboratory Data Validation, Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Organics Analysis

iL 2. Laboratory Data Validation, Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Pesticides/PCBs

Analyses

3. Laboratory Data Validation, Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganics*— Analysis

iIu Before conducting the data validation, CH2M HILL will be contacted to verify that thei appropriate level of data validation is used. A RAS data validation report using the format

specified by the Region will be prepared.

LiL

Li 9~*


There are currently no data validation guidelines for the SAS parameters. Therefore, whenvalidating SAS analytical data, data validators will refer to the following:

• The SAS request instructions prepared for each SAS parameter• The analytical method referenced ha the SAS request• The data validator's professional judgment and experience

A SAS data validation report using the format specified by the Region will be prepared.

Data Reporting

Both RAS and SAS analytical data reported by the CLP laboratories, will be reported inaccordance with the CLP standard data reporting format.

Records

The following describes procedures for maintaining the project's records:

* SMs shall maintain records in accordance with the requirements of thissection until thos* records are turned over to the EPA for storage. Allrecords shall be accessible to the EPA until they are turned over to the EPA.

• The SM shall determine the records to be generated before the start of work.

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L• Records of field activities that support the integrity of samples shall be

_ entered on bound and numbered pages. Such records shall be dated andsigned or otherwise authenticated on the day of entry.

L• Records retained on file shall be indexed. The indexing system shall include

L- the location of records within the indexing system. (The indexing systemi shall be in alphabetical, chronological or numerical order, or as otherwiseL- indicated in written procedures.)

• There shall be sufficient information in records to permit identification1 between the record and the item(s) or activity to which it applies. Identi-

fication of records will be by means that permit traceability.

• The records storage system shall provide for accurate retrieval of records1 without undue delay.L

WDCR723/009.51

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June 15, 1993

Section 10Internal Quality Control Checks

j A number of QA/QC samples will be collected to check the adequacy of sample collectionsand analysis, and to monitor laboratory performance.

ii—

Duplicates, blanks, and spiked samples are used to test the sampling and analysis techniquesI to determine if the techniques affect the analytical results. They also measure the internal

consistency of the samples and estimate any variance or bias in the analytical process. The[ field and laboratory QA/QC sampling requirements are described below.•*•

j1L

Field Sampling Quality Control ProceduresL

Quality control duplicate samples and blanks provide a measure of the samples' internalL consistency and estimate variance and bias.

* rL^\_> Blanks provide a measure of cross-contamination, decontamination efficiency, and other, potential errors that can be introduced from sources other than the sample. The followingi^- paragraphs describe the QA/QC samples.

Field duplicates are collected at a frequency of 1 per 20.Equipment blanks are collected at a frequency of 1 per 20.Field blanks are collected at a frequency of 1 per 20.

L

10-1


Field Duplicates

One field duplicate sample will be obtained for every 20 field samples collected per eachmatrix (soil, groundwater, surface water, etc.). The sampling location where the duplicate istaken from will be randomly selected for each event. Each duplicate sample will be splitevenly into two sample containers and submitted for analysis as two independent samples.

Equipment Blanks

The equipment blanks check the effectiveness of sampling equipment decontaminationprocedures. The equipment blank for soil, groundwater, surface water, sediment, waste, andtank samples will consist of HPLC grade water which is poured over a piece of equipmentwhich had been used to collect a sample and then field decontaminated. The water is thencollected in a sample bottle, preservatives are added as appropriate, and the sample bottle iscapped, packed, and shipped with the other samples. HPLC grade water will be used forthese equipment blank samples.

Field Blanks

One field blank sample will be submitted for each day of sample collection. The fieldblank serves as a measure of the purity of the water used for collection of blanks, and ofcontaminants resident in air in the sample container storage area. Water is transferred to asample bottle, preservatives added as appropriate, and the sample bottle is capped, packed,and shipped with the other samples. HPLC grade water will be used for the field blanksamples.

10-2


Laboratory Analytical Quality Control Procedures

The analytical laboratory will use all of the quality control elements of the EPA CLP,including matrix spikes (MS), matrix duplicates (DUP), and laboratory blanks. Theanalytical laboratory will be CLP or CRL. The laboratory qualifications are maintained bySMO for EPA.

Matrix Spike/Matrix Duplicate

MS/DUP samples will be spiked in two separate aliquots of a sample selected from a batchof 20 field samples. The MS will assess accuracy, and the DUP will assess the precisionand reproducibility of the analytical results.

LLaboratory Blanks

Method blanks will be analyzed for background contamination from the laboratory asspecified by the appropriate CLP SOWs and SAS request forms.

Laboratory Duplicates

Laboratory duplicates will be analyzed to assess precision of the laboratory analysis asspecified by the appropriate CLP SOWs and SAS request instructions.

WDCR723/010.51

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*"• QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

tIt—

Section 11

>- Performance and Systems Audits

Laboratory Performance and Systems Audits

The analytical laboratory will conduct both internal and external quality control checks.External quality control checks include participating in contract programs with the EPA byanalyzing QC samples of known concentrations. Internal quality control checks (spikes,blanks, and duplicates) are performed in accordance with CLP methods. CRL will followtheir internal quality control procedures.

Field Team Performance and Systems AuditsiL.

A performance audit will be conducted on an as-needed basis by the SM during theit- sampling activities to verify that proper sampling and documentation procedures presented

in the QAPjP and FSP are followed and that subsequent sample data are valid. The audit"- - will focus on the details of the QA program. The audit checklist, which will serve as the; guide for the performance audit for field procedures, is shown in Figure 11-1. The audit""* will evaluate the following:

• Project responsibilities• Sample collection and preservation procedures• Equipment decontamination procedure

I • Field equipment calibration proceduresL.

• Sample custody procedures; • Document control

11-1


Figure 11-1FIELD PERFORMANCE AUDIT CHECKLIST

Project Responsibilities

Project No.: ___________________ Date:

Project Location: ____________________ Signature:

Team Members: m___________________

Yes _ No _ 1) Was a SAP Prepared?Comments ______ ______

Yes _ No _ 2) Was a briefing held for project participants?Comments _________________

Yes _ No _ 3) Were additional instructions given to project participants?Comments ________________________

Sample Collection

Yes _ No _ 1) Is there a written list of sampling locations and descriptions?Comments __ ___ ______________ ___

Yes _ No _ 2) Are samples collected as stated in the FSP?Comments _________________

Yes _ No _ 3) Are samples collected in the type of containers specified in the FSP?Comments ______________________________

L

L



(Continued)

Yes _ No _ 4) Are samples preserved as specified in the FSP?Comments ______ ___

I Yes _ No _ 5) Are the number, frequency, and type of samples collected as specified in theL FSP?

Comments ___ __

Yes _ No _ 6) Are quality assurance checks performed as specified hi the FSP?Comments __

Yes _ No _ 7) Are photographs taken and documented as specified in the FSP?Comments __ _____ _____ ___

Document Control

.i , Yes _ No _ 1) Have any accountable documents been lost?LC j Comments _________________

Yes _ No _ 2) Have any accountable documents been voided?Comments ________-__________

Yes _ No _ 3) Have any accountable documents been disposed of?Comments _____________________



(Continued)

Yes _ No _ 4) Are the samples identified with sample tags?Comments _ ____

Yes _ No _ 5) Are blank and duplicate samples properly identified?Comments ___________ ____ ____

Yes _ No _ 6) Are samples listed on a chain-of-custody record?Comments .__________ ___ __

Yes _ No _ 7) Is chain-of-custody documented and maintained?Comments ___________________

WDCR723/012.51

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• Sample identification system^ • QC corrective action procedures

iL An audit report summarizing any results and corrections will be prepared and filed in the

project files. Significant variances from established procedures will be reported to thew- RPM.

Lw^ WDCR723/011.51

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11-5i

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Section 12

Preventative Maintenance

Routine maintenance procedures and schedules for sampling equipment are described in themanufacturer's instruction manuals. All records of inspection and maintenance will bedated and documented in the field notebook.

Maintenance procedures and schedules for all field and laboratory analytical instruments willstrictly follow the recommendations of the equipment manufacturers. Routine laboratoryequipment maintenance will be performed by laboratory personnel as needed. All recordsof inspection and maintenance will be dated and documented in laboratory record books.CLP or CRL laboratory equipment maintenance is in accordance with EPA contractlaboratory program requirements.

Critical spare parts for the pH, DO, and conductivity meters include batteries, electrodes,and membranes. They will be included in the sampling kits to minimize downtime. Inaddition, back-up meters will be available if needed. Spare parts will be purchased fromaccepted vendors.

L WDCR723/013.51

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12-1


Section 13Data Assessment Procedures

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The data gathered will be evaluated for accuracy, precision, representativeness andcompleteness. The precision and accuracy of data will be routinely assessed to ensure thatthey meet the requirements of the DQOs presented earlier in Table 4-1. If enough data aregenerated, the precision, accuracy, and completeness may be assessed using statisticalprocedures.

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Precision is commonly determined from duplicate samples; thus precision is usuallyexpressed as relative percent difference (RPD) or relative standard deviation (RSD). Thesequantities are defined as follows.

RPD = 100 * 2-

RSD =5 (lOO/v/2) (*[2|X, - X2\/(Xl

where Xl and Xj are the reported concentrations for each duplicate sample

Accuracy is commonly presented as percent bias or percent recovery. Percent bias is astandardized average error; that is, the average error divided by the actual or spikedconcentration and converted to a percentage. Percent bias is unitless so it allows theaccuracy of analytical procedures to be compared easily.

13-1


Percent recovery provides the same information as percent bias. Accuracy is oftendetermined from spiked samples. Percent recovery is defined as:

% Recovery = SSR ~ SR x 100y SA

where SSR = spiked sample resultSR = sample reportedSA = spike added

Given this definition it can be shown that:

% bias = % recovery - 100

Representativeness is a measure of the degree to which sample data accurately and preciselyrepresent parameter variations at a sampling point. It is also a measure of how closely themeasured results reflect the actual distribution and concentration of certain chemicalcompounds in each of the matrices sampled. The FSP describes the procedures to collectthe samples. This process will generate 'samples that are as representative as possible.Documentation of laboratory and field procedures, as described in the FSP, will establishthat protocols have been followed and that sample identification and integrity have beenmaintained.

Completeness is defined as the percentage of analytical measurements made that are judgedto be valid with validity being defined by the DQOs. Percent completeness is calculated asthe number of valid analyses divided by the total number of analyses performed, multipliedby 100. The completeness objective has been set at 85 percent for the project.

13-2


Comparability is the term that describes the confidence with which one data set can becompared to another. Comparability refers to such issues as using standard field andanalytical techniques and reprint data hi the same units. This criterion becomes important ifmore than one field team is collecting samples or more than one laboratory is analyzing thesamples.

WDCR723/014.51

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13-3


Section 14

Corrective Actions

j The SM initiates corrective actions. Corrective action steps will include problemidentification, problem investigation responsibility assignment, action to eliminate the

\ problem, increased monitoring of the corrective action's effectiveness and verification thattL^ the problem has been eliminated.

L^Documenting the problem is important to the overall study management. A Corrective

! Action Request Form for problems associated with sample collection (Figure 14-1) will be!••

completed by the person discovering a QA problem. This form identifies the problem,!

I establishes possible causes, and designates the person responsible for action. Theresponsible person will be either the FTL or the RTL.

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The Corrective Action Request Form includes a description of the corrective action planned,[^ and has space for follow-up. The RTL will verify that initial action has been taken and

appears to be effective and, at an appropriate later date, recheck to see if the problem hasL>^ been fully resolved. The RTL receives a copy of all Corrective Action Request Forms and

enters them into the Corrective Action Log. This permanent record will aid the RTL inL follow-up and will assist in resolving quality assurance problems with the SM.

iL Examples of corrective actions include, but are not limited to: correcting chain-of-custodyI forms, analysis reruns (if holding time criteria permit), recalibration with fresh standards,L replacement of sources of blank contamination, examination of calibration procedures,I additional training in sample preparation and analysis, reassignment of analyticalL- responsibilities using a different batch of containers, or recommending an audit of laboratory

procedures. Additional approaches may include:

14-1L


• Resampling and analyzing

• Evaluating and amending sampling and analytical procedures

• Accepting the data and acknowledging the level of uncertainty or inaccuracyby flagging the data and providing an explanation for the qualification

WDCR723/015.51

14-2


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figure 14-1[ CORRECTIVE ACTION REQUEST FORM*~ (Sample Collection)i Originator _____________________ Date _....... --.. . _

Person responsible for replying: --——. _

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Description of problem and when identified: .

L =±L-J •State cause of problem, if known or suspected:

L —Sequence of Corrective Action (CA): (If no responsible person is identified, submit this formdirectly to the RTL.)

State date, person, and action planned:

CA initially approved by: ________________ Date:

Follow-up date: ———™_—^^^_^_——^^^^^^___LFinal CA approval by: __________________ Date

LInformation copies to:

L~ RESPONSIBLE PERSON:

j RTL: ———————————i1_

SM-—————————————

jLl WDCR723/016.51

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^ QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

LSection 15

i- Quality Assurance ReportsiL

i A QA report may be completed at the end of the field activities to summarize the QA/QCstatus of the project and any problems. The report may assess the measured QA parameters;

I e.g., precision, accuracy, results of performance audits, any reported non-conformance, andL

any significant QA problems and the recommended solutions. Any change in the QAPjPI _j will be summarized in a report or letter and sent to the RPM and distributed to the CH2MLni

HILL project team.

For this project no separate report is anticipated to describe the QA/QC achieved. The finali project report will contain separate QA sections that summarize QA/QC information

generated during the source of the project.

LA summary of the analytical results will be included in the report. Complete data packages

L will be returned to EPA during project closeout activities. A copy of the complete datapackages will be maintained in microfiche format with the project files.

LWDCR723/017.51

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15-1


References

U.S. EPA. Interim Final Guidance for Conducting Remedial Investigations and FeasibilityStudies under CERCLA. October 1988.

U.S. EPA. Data Quality Objectives Development Guidance for Uncontrolled HazardousWaste Site Remedial Response Activities. Volumes I and II. March 1987.

U.S. EPA. Users Guide to the Contract Laboratory Program. December 1988.r

CH2M HILL. New Castle Steel, 5-Year Review Work Plan. Contract No. 68-W8-0090,May 1993.

WDCR723/018.51

^ QAPjP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

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i

Appendix Ai Special Analytical Service Requests

iL (Requests have been separately sent to CRL for this review)

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LL U.S. Environmental Protection Agency SAS Number

CLP Sample Management Office [ ]i 300 N. Lee Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314L PHONE: (703) 619-1200

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SPECIAL ANALYTICAL SERVICESRegional Request

i

[X ] Regional TransmHtal [ ] Telephone Request

A. EPA Region and Site Name: EPA Region 111I ^j*- B. Regional Representative: Stevie Wilding

C. Telephone Number: (410) 573-6833

D. Date of Request: June 4, 1993

E. Site Name: New Castle Steel. New Castle, Delaware

[_ Please provide below a description of your request for Special AnalyticalServices under the Contract Laboratory Program. In order to most efficientlyobtain laboratory capability for your request, please address the followingconsiderations, If applicable. Incomplete or erroneous information may result Indelay In the processing of your request Please continue response on additionalsheets, or attach supplementary Information as needed.

The awarded laboratory Is responsible for meeting all requirements as specifiedI in this client request Any changes in method(s) or other specifications must beL. approved by Region III prior to the award. The referenced Statement of Work

must be used Including fill current revisions of that SOW. If these stipulationsare not met, Region III will recommend review for reduced payment.

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1. General description of analytical service requested:

L Analyze seven (7) water samples for alkalinity using EPA Method 310.1.

2. Definition and number of work units involved (specify whether wholesamples or fractions; whether organlcs or Inorganics; whether aqueous orsoli and sediments; and whether low, medium, or high concentration):

Analyze six (6) water samples and one field duplicate for alkalinity using EPAMethod 310.1.

3. Purpose of analysis (specify whether Superfund (Remedial orEnforcement), RCRA, NPDES, etc.), and justification for analysis and SiteAccount Number:

Superfund five-year review (monitoring program). 3TFA3ASHSS.

4. Estimated date(s) of collection:

Sample collection will be between June 28 and July 2, 1993.

5. Estimated date(s) and method of shipment:

Samples will be shipped by overnight carrier.

6. Number of days results required after lab receipt of samples:

The laboratory must report results wrthirl35 days' of receipt of the last sample.

7. Analytical protocol required (attach copy If other than a protocol currentlyused In this program):

The laboratory must use EPA Method 310.1.

8. Special technical Instructions (If outside protocol requirements, specifycompound names, CAS numbers, detection limits, etc.):

Sample holding time should not exceed 14 days from date of collection.Samples should be refrigerated at 4 °C until analysis.

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9. Analytical results required (If known, specify format for data sheets, QA/QCreports, Chaln-of Custody documentation, etc.). If not completed, format ofresults will be left to program discretion.

The laboratory must submit the deliverables specified in tine BOA. ContactSMO for further information as needed.

10. Other (use additional sheets or attach supplementary Information, asneeded):

CH2M HILL must be notified of any changes approved by SMO for thelaboratory.

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11. Name of sampling/shipping contact:Phone:

12. Data Requirements

Parameter

Alkalinity

Note: These areminimum requirements.Report actual detectionlimits used based onspecifiedmethodologies.

Detection Limit

10mg/L

Julie Lovett(703)471-1441

Precision Desired

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13. Quality Control Requirements J

Audits Required Frequency of Audits Limits j

Method Blank At least 1 per group of < Method detection10 or fewer samples limit j

Duplicate At least 1 per group of ± 10% RD10 or fewer samples j

pH Meter Calibration Document results witheach use j

14. Action Required if Limits are Exceeded:

Contact the Sample Management Office if problems persist after takingcorrective action.

15. Request prepared by: Koumudi Ketkar/CH2M HILL

Date: June 4, 1993

16. Request reviewed by:

Date:

Please return this request to the Sample Management Office as soon as possibleto expedite processing of your request for special analytical services. Shouldyou have any questions or need any assistance, please contact your Regionalrepresentative at the Sample Management Office.

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u U.S. Environmental Protection Agency SAS NumberCLP Sample Management Office [ ]

| 300 N. Lee Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314- PHONE: (703) 519-1200

i- SPECIAL ANALYTICAL SERVICES

Regional Requestih_.

[X ] Regional Transmfttal [ ] Telephone RequestiL.

A. EPA Region and Site Name: EPA Region IIIi ^>"" B. Regional Representative: Stevie Wilding

i C. Telephone Number: (410) 573-6833

D. Date of Request: June 4, 1993L E. Site Name: New Castle Steel in New Castle, Delaware

[_ Please provide below a description of your request for Special AnalyticalServices under the Contract Laboratory Program. In order to most efficiently

; obtain laboratory capability for your request, please address the following^ considerations, If applicable. Incomplete or erroneous Information may result in

delay In the processing of your request Please continue response on additionalsheets, or attach supplementary Information as needed.

the awarded laboratory Is responsible for meeting ail requirements as specifiedI in this client request Any changes in method(s) or other specifications must beL- approved by Region III prior to the award. The referenced Statement of Work

must be used Including aj[ current revisions of that SOW. If these stipulationsi are not met, Region III will recommend review for reduced payment.L-

1. General description of analytical service requested:I

i~ Analyze seven (7) sediment samples for particle size distribution by themethods listed in section 7.

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2. Definition and number of work units Involved (specify whether wholesamples or fractions; whether organics or inorganics; whether aqueous orsoil and sediments; and whether low, medium, or high concentration):

Analyze six (6) sediment samples and one (1) field duplicate for particle sizedistribution by the methods listed in section 7. Samples will be collectedundisturbed in shetby tubes, of sufficient volume for the requestedcharacterization.

3. Purpose of analysis (specify whether Superfund (Remedial orEnforcement), RCRA, NPDES, etc.), and Justification for analysis and SiteAccount Number

Superfund five-year (monitoring program). 3TFA3ASHSS






The laboratory should report results within 35 days of receipt of last sample.

7. Analytical protocol required (attach copy if other than a protocol currentlyused in this program):

Particle size distribution - Analysis by ASTM D-422-63 with required "Drypreparation of soil samples..." ASTM D-421 and "Sieve accuracy testing",chapter 3 from "Procedures in sediment petrology11.

8. Special technical Instructions (if outside protocol requirements, specifycompound names, GAS numbers, detection limits, etc.):

As per the methods.

9. Analytical results required (if known, specify format for data sheets, QA/QCreports, Chaln-of Custody documentation, etc.). If not completed, format ofresults will be left to program discretion.

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L The test procedures used will be clearly Identified and include with deliverables. ';-'6All raw data, calculations, data sheets, run logs, duplicate results, chain-of- f -••.custody forms, SAS request forms, and copies of airbills must be included.

L. Balance check results must be included. Other deliverables per the BOA.

[ 10. Other (use additional sheets or attach supplementary Information, asU needed):

! All raw data, calculations, data sheets, blank results, duplicate results, chain-of-L custody forms, SAS Request forms, standardization data, copy of SAS packing

list, copy of airbill, and copy of lab analyst's logbooks with date and time oft analysis with analyst's initials must be submitted. A cover letter detailing theL- different tests performed, methods used and problems encountered must be

included. CH2M HILL must be notified of any changes approved by SMO for^t the laboratory.

hn->

11. Name of sampling/shipping contact: Julie Lovett; Phone: (703) 471-1441


Grain size - must meet report requirements and data specifications as stated inASTM D-422-63, section 18.

Parameter Detection Limit Precision Desired

Particle Size Distribution none specified ± 30 %

13. Quality Control Requirements

L Audits Required Frequency of Audits Umtts

; Duplicates 1 per group of 20 ± 30% RD•—

Sieve calibration as per the method as per the methodiL Balance check every run as per manufacturer's

specifications (include in• deliverables)


If duplicate results are out of limit, reanalyze duplicate pair once more. If stillout of limit, repeat analysis of all samples along with all QC samples once moreand report both sets. Do not analyze samples until sieve calibrationspecifications are met Include QC problems in the narrative. If problemsoccur needing further resolution, notify Region III and SMO immediately.


Date: June 4, 1993


Date:


U.S. Environmental Protection Agency SAS NumberCLP Sample Management Office [ ]300 N. Lee Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314PHONE: (703) 519-1200

U SPECIAL ANALYTICAL SERVICESRegional Request

L[X ] Regional Iransmittal [ ] Telephone Request

1L-

A. EPA Region and Site Name: EPA Region IE\,*s" B. Regional Representative: Stevie Wilding

t C Telephone Numben (410) 573-6833

D. Date of Request: June 4, 1993

E. Site Name: New Castle Steel in New Castle, DelawareLI Please provide below a description of your request for Special Analytical Services under

the Contract Laboratory Program. In order to most efficiently obtain laboratoryI capability for your request, please address the following considerations, if applicable.[^ Incomplete or erroneous information may result in delay in the processing of your

request Please continue response on additional sheets, or attach supplementary; • information as needed.Uv^

The awarded laboratory is responsible for meeting all requirements as specified in this. client request Any changes in method(s) or other specifications must be approved byL Region ffl prior to the award. Hie referenced Statement of Work must be used

including all current revisions of that SOW. If these stipulations are not met,Region m will recommend review for reduced payment

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Analyze seven (7) surface water samples for calcium hardness (measured as mgCaCOj/L) in water. Samples will be unfiltered.

2. Definition and number of work units involved (specify whether whole samples orfractions; whether organics or inorganics; whether aqueous or soil and sediments;and whether low, medium, or high concentration):

Analyze six (6) surface water samples and one (1) field duplicate for calciumhardness using EPA Method 130.2.

3. Purpose of analysis (specify whether Superfund (Remedial or Enforcement),RCRA, NPDES, etc.), and justification for analysis and Site Account Number:



Sample collection will be between June 28, 1993, and July 2, 1993.


Samples will be shipped by overnight carrier


The laboratory should report results within 35 days of receipt of last sample.

7. Analytical protocol required (attach copy if other than a protocol currently usedin this program):

The laboratory must use EPA Method 130.2. Samples must be stored at 4° Cuntil analysis.

8. Special technical instructions (if outside protocol requirements, specify compoundnames, CAS numbers, detection limits, etc.):

Sample holding time should not exceed 14 days from date of collection. TheLaboratory must prepare the samples per section 7.1.2 as necessary.

9. Analytical results required (if known, specify format for data sheets, QA/QCreports, Chain-of Custody documentation, etc.). If not completed, format ofresults will be left to program discretion.

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L The test procedure used will be clearly identified. All bench records tabulatingthe order of analysis including pH meter calibration, titrant standardization,, lab

I blanks, samples, lab control standards, duplicates, etc., with resulting titrantL volumes or read-outs, must be provided along with calculation worksheets. An

records must be legible and sufficient to recalculate all sample concentrations andQA audit results. Report method of titrant standardization. EPA QC reference

L samples, or any other reference sample, will be identified as to source, lot number,and sample number. Corresponding "true" or target values and associated 95%

t confidence limits for analysis results will be provided for all reference samplesL used. Data package must contain all deliverables as stated in the BOA.

L10. Other (use additional sheets or attach supplementary Information, as needed):

CH2M HILL must be notified of any changes approved by SMO for the laboratory.

I 11. Name of sampling/shipping contact: Julie Lovett*- Phone: (703) 471-1441



Calcium Hardness 10 mg/L CaCO3 ± 10%

Note: These areminimum requirements.Report actual detectionlimits used based onspecified methodologies.


Audits Required Frequency of Audits

Method Blank

Duplicate

Certified ReferenceMaterial (EPA orcommercially available)

EDTA TitrantStandardization Check

At least 1 per group of10 or fewer samples

At least 1 per group of10 or fewer samples

1 per sample set

In duplicate before andafter 10 or fewer samples

Limits

< 5 mg/L

±20%RD

90-110% or withinmanufacturer'srecommended rangeinterval

± 0.1 mL titrant


Contact SMO if problems persist after taking corrective action.


Date: June 4, 1993


Date:

Please return this request to the Sample Management Office as soon as possible toexpedite processing of your request for special analytical services. Should you have anyquestions or need any assistance, please contact your Regional representative at theSample Management Office.

LU-. ATTACHMENT 1

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14. Action required of limits are exceeded t

If duplicate is out of limit, reanalyze duplicate pair once more.If still out of limit, repeat analysis of all samples along withall QC samples once more. If blank is out of limit, reanalyzeall samples after corrective action has been taken to reduceblank contamination to the acceptable limit.

If problems persist contact SMO immediately. Complete an EPAtelephone log documenting all problems and resolutions. Addressthese issues in the narrative of the final report.

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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency SAS NumberCLP Sample Management Office [ ]300 N. Lee Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314PHONE: (703) 519-1200

L SPECIAL ANALYTICAL SERVICESRegional Request

L[X] Regional Transmittal [ ] Telephone Request

i

A. EPA Region and Site Name: EPA Region III

* B. Regional Representative: Stevie Wilding

* C. Telephone Number: (410) 573-6833LM

D. Date of Request: June 4, 1993i^ E. Site Name: New Castle Steel in New Castle, Delaware

\ Please provide below a description of your request for Special Analytical Services under*" the Contract Laboratory Program. In order to most efficiently obtain laboratory} capability for your request, please address the following considerations, if applicable.i Incomplete or erroneous information may result in delay in the processing of your

request Please continue response on additional sheets, or attach supplementaryinformation as needed.

The awarded laboratory is responsible for meeting all requirements as specified in tillsi client request Any changes in method(s) or other specifications must be approved byL Region in prior to the award. The referenced Statement of Work must be used

including all current revisions of that SOW. If these stipulations are not met,I Region ffl will recommend review for reduced paymentL.


Analyze seven (7) surface water samples for total suspended solids (TSS) in waterResults are reported as mg/L total suspended solids.

2. Definition and number of work units involved (specify whether whole samples or Jfiractions; whether organics or inorganics; whether aqueous or soil and sediments;and whether low, medium, or high concentration): j

JAnalyze six (6) surface water samples and one (1) field duplicate for totalsuspended solids (TSS) using EPA Method 160.2. j

3. Purpose of analysis (specify whether Superfund (Remedial or Enforcement),RCRA, NPDES, etc.), and justification for analysis and Site Account Number: ;

JSuperfund five-year review (monitoring program). 31PA3ASHSS.

T

4. Estimated date(s) of collection: J

Sample collection will be between June 28, 1993, and Jury 2, 1993. • j


Samples will be shipped by overnight carrier. ^

6. Number of days results required after lab receipt of samples: I

Samples must be analyzed within 7 days of collection date. Results of analysis arerequested 35 days after receipt of last sample by the laboratory.

7. Analytical protocol required (attach copy if other than a protocol currently usedin this program): j

The laboratory must use EPA Method 160.2,1983 ed:, (Gravimetric, Dried at 103°- 105° C) using glass fiber filter discs without organic binder such as: Millipore AP-40, Reeve Angel 934-AH, Gelman A/E, or equivalent Use only membrane filterapparatus with 47 mm diameter glass fiber filter and a coarse (40-60 micron)fritted disc filter support. The filter and support specifications are mandatory.Samples will be held at 4° C until sample analysis and validation of results arecompleted. Holding time is seven (7) days from date of sample collection. NBScertified Class "S" weights must be used to check the balance before each use.Results of balance check must be clearly reported with date of check and analystsinitials. Prepare filters according to Section 7.1 of the method. Document initialfilter weights and submit.

LL 8. Special technical instructions (if outside protocol requirements, specify compound

names, CAS numbers, detection limits, etc.):iL Identify filtration equipment used. Analyze as per EPA 160.2 of EPA, March

1983 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes.iiL-

9. Analytical results required (if known, specify format for data sheets, QA/QC; reports, Chain-of Custody documentation, etc.). If not completed, format ofl~ results will be left to program discretion.

Identity EPA QC reference sample lot numbers used and their "true" values and95% confidence intervals. AH bench records of tare weights, final weights,volumes filtered, blanks, duplicate samples, and reference samples (all in the orderfiltered) must be provided along with copies of worksheets used to calculateresults. Dates and time of a) filtration of initial 100 mL volume, b) determinationof tare weights, c) sample filtration, and d) determination of constant residue

; weights will be part of bench records. All records of analysis must be legible and^ sufficient to recalculate all sample concentrations and QA results. Data package

must contain all deliverables as stated in the BOA.L

10. Other (use additional sheets or attach supplementary information, as needed):ICH2MHILL must be notified of any changes approved by SMOfor the laboratory.

ii^

11. Name of sampling/shipping contact: Julie Lovett[ Phone: (703) 471-1441Ls_yI 12. Data RequirementsL-

Parameter Detection Limits Precision Desired

L TSS 4 mg/L

L


Audits Required Frequency of Audits

Duplicates

Method Blank (100 mL(aliquots)

1 set of 2 QCResidue ReferenceSamples-2concentration levels

NBS Class "S" weightsor equivalent balancecheck

1 per group of 10 orfewer samples

1 per group of 10 orfewer samples

1 per sample set

Limits

± 20% RPD

< Method detectionlimit

Within 90 - 110%or within manufacturer'srecommended range

Weigh each weight witheach batch or analyticalrun


If duplicate is out of limit, reanalyze duplicate pair once more. If still out of limit,repeat analysis of all samples along with all QC samples once more. If blank isout of limit, reanalyze all samples after corrective action has been taken to reduceblank contamination to the acceptable limit. Note in narrative. If problemsoccur, notify SMO immediately.

15. Request prepared by:

Date:

Koumudi Ketkar/CH2M HILL

June 4, 1993


Date:

Please return this request to the Sample Management Office as soon as possible toexpedite processing of your request for special analytical services. Should you have anyquestions or need any assistance, please contact your Regional representative at theSample Management Office.

i-. ATTACHMENT 1

iL. 14. Action required of limits are exceeded:i

*~ If duplicate is out of limit, reanalyze duplicate pair once more,If still out of limit, repeat analysis of all samples along with

; all QC samples once more. If blank is out of limit, reanalyzeU all samples after corrective action has been taken to reduce

blank contamination to the acceptable limit.

If problems persist contact SMO immediately. Complete an EPAtelephone log documenting all problems and resolutions. Addressthese issues in the narrative of the final report.

UiL

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L U.S. Environmental Protection Agency SAS NumberCLP Sample Management Office [ ]

i 300 N. Lee Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314L PHONE: (703) 519-1200

L SPECIAL ANALYTICAL SERVICESRegional Request

L

LL

[X ] Regional Transmtttal [ ] Telephone Request

A. EPA Region and Site Name: EPA Region 111

B. Regional Representative: Stevie Wilding

C, Telephone Number: (410) 573*6833

( D. Date of Request: June 4, 1993

E. Site Name: New Castle Steel in New Castle, Delaware

Please provide below a description of your request for Special Analytical*~ Services under the Contract Laboratory Program. In order to most efficiently, obtain laboratory capability for your request, please address the following[_ considerations, If applicable. Incomplete or erroneous Information may result in

delay In the processing of your request Please continue response on additional, sheets, or attach supplementary information as needed.U_>

The awarded laboratory Is responsible for meeting all requirements as specifiedIn this client request Any changes in method (s) or other specifications must beapproved by Region III prior to the award. The referenced Statement of Workmust be used Including aJl current revisions of that SOW. If these stipulations

I are not met/Region III will recommend review for reduced paymentL


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Analyze seven (7) soil/sediment samples for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) usingMethod S1D, S3 from EPA/CE-81-1 plus Attachments. Aqueous blank samplesfor TOC analysis are not applicable. Plus QC.

2. Definition and number of work units Involved (specify whether wholesamples or fractions; whether organlcs or Inorganics; whether aqueous orsoil and sediments; and whether low, medium, or high concentration):

Analyze six (6) soil/sediment samples and one (1) field duplicate for TotalOrganic Carbon (TOG) using Method S1D, S3 from EPA/CE-81-1 plusAttachments. Plus QC.

3. Purpose of analysis (specify whether Superfund (Remedial orEnforcement), RCRA, NPDES, etc.). and Justification for analysis and SitsAccount Number







Samples must be analyzed within 28 days of sample collection.

Results of analyses are requested thirty-five (35) days after receipt of the lastsample by the laboratory.

7. Analytical protocol required (attach copy if other than a protocol currentlyused in this program):

Analyze all samples using Method S1D, S3 found on pages 3-73 to 3-76 inProcedures for Handling and Chemical Analysis of Sediment and WaterSamples, Technical Report EPA/CE-81-1-, R.H. Plumb, Jr., 1981. MethodAttached.

8. Special technical Instructions (if outside protocol requirements, specifycompound names, GAS numbers, detection limits, etc.):

Samples must be analyzed within 28 days from the date of collection.Standardize equipment according to manufacturer's instructions. Detection limitmust be 10 mg/kg or less.

LL 9. Analytical results required (If known, specify format for data sheets, QA/QC

reports, Chaln-of Custody documentation, etc.)- If not completed, format ofi results will be left to program discretion.i_

Test procedures and specific instrument used must be clearly Identified. BenchI records tabulating order of calibration standards, lab blanks, samples, labL control standards, duplicates, etc., with resulting output on concentration

readout must be provided along with worksheets used to calculate results. Aphotocopy of the instrument readout, i.e. strip charts, printer, tapes, etc. mustbe included. Records of analysis and calculations must be legible and sufficientto recalculate all concentrations. ERA QC reference samples, or any otherreference sample or initial calibration verification, will be identified as to source,lot number, and sample number. Corresponding "true" or target values andassociated 95% confidence limits for analysis results will be provided for allreference samples used. Other Deliverables as per the BOA.

L

Lv10. Other (use additional sheets or attach supplementary Information, as

needed):

CH2M HILL must be notified of any changes approved by SMO for thelaboratory.

L 11. Name of sampling/shipping contact: Julie Lovettt Phone: (703)471-1441L



Total Organic Carbon 10 mg/kg ± 35% Difference

LLLL


Audits Required Frequency of Audits Limits

Method Blank 1 per analytical run Below detection limit

Duplicate 1 per 10 samples or 1per batch (whichever is ± 30% RPDmore frequent)

TOG Certified Standard 1 per 10 samples or1 90 -110% or within EPA(EPA or commercially per batch (whichever is or manufacturer'savailable. Provided by more frequent) acceptance limits,laboratory) Submit true values with

report.

Balance check with NBS Class "S" weights * report values.

All laboratory QA/QC requirements must be performed and reported asspecified in the attached method.

14. Action Required If Limits are Exceeded:

Contact SMO if problems persist after corrective action has been taken.Document all problems and resolutions, complete EPA telephone log, andaddress these issue in the narrative.


Date: June 4,1993


Date:


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xe/EPAENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

CORPS OF ENGINEERSTECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON CRITERIA

FOR DREDGED AND FILL MATERIAL

t PROCEDURES FOR HANDLING AND CHEMICAL ANALYSISL OF SEDIMENT AND WATER SAMPLES

L. by

Russeit H. Plume, Jr.Great Lakes Lafiorazory

State University College at Buffalo'300 Elmwooa Avenue

| Buffalo. New Yont 14222

May 1981

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t

*- totpmaier U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Corps ofEngineers Tecnnical Committee on Criteria

! for Dredged and Fill MaterialUfiOtr Contract EPA-4805572010

MoimofMty Large Lakes LaboratoryL~ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

9311 Groh Roadi Grosse lie, Michigan 48138

•ubiiihtdty Environmental Laboratoryi U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment StationL P.O. Box 631, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180

Ca-rtcr. .TJ.V axis" in sediaent and vater saaples s.s eitherincrgar.i: cr organic con.pcur.ds. Inorganic careen is present as carbo-nates, bicarbcr.ates, and possibly free carton dioxide. Specific typesof ceapcunds that are considered to be included in the organic carbonfraction are nonvolatile organic compounds (sugars), volatile organiccompounds (zercaptans), partially volatile compounds (oi ls) , andparticulate carbonaceous materials (cellulose).1*2

The basis =f the sethcd is the catalytic cr cr.esicaloxidation c:" carbon in carbon-containing ccspounds to carbon dioxidefallsved by *r.e quantification cf the carbon dioxide produced.Alternately, the carbon zay te reduced tc -ethane and appropriatelyquantified. It follows, then, that the distinction betveer. inorganiccarbon and organic carbon is the aetnod of sample pretreatsent. Thereare presently two procedures far defining this separation. One oethodis based en sample treatnent vith a strong acid. Analysis of anuntreated sanple is a aeasure of total carbon vhile analysis of theacid-treated fraction is a neasure of organic carbon. Inorganic carbonis calculated by subtraction. The second aethod of separation isbased en differential thermal coabustion with organic ceapcunds beir.gconverted ts carbon dioxide at 500°C to €5C°C3 '* and inorganic carbonbeing converted -.0 career, dioxide at 9?0°C t= 12:C°C."'S

Sarasle Handling and Storage

Tlowcharts for the handling of samples intended for organiccarbon and inorganic carbon analysis are presented in Figure 3-£ and"igure ;-". Vater and sedisent samples to be analyzed for inorganiccarbon riay be stored in glass or plastic containers. There is noeffective preservative because of the carbon dioxide reserve in theatmosphere. The only precaution that can be taken for inorganic

* References :":r this procedure can be found on page 2-"c.

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Methed 1: Sazrie Igniticr.Apparatus

Indue tier. :~urr.ace such as the Lecc WR-12, -ohrsann £C-;", Ccle-'san CHanalyzer, cr Peritin Elser 2^0 eissenta.1 analyser

Conbusticr. beatsXicrobalar.eeDesiccatorHeager.ts10 percent hydrochloric acid: six 100 ml concentrated KC1 vith 900 nl

distilled vater.Copper cxiie fines.Benzole acid.

Iry at 7C°C ani grind the sediment sample.Veigh c, conbusticr. boat snd record the veight. rlace 0.2

to 0.5 £ homogenised sediment in the combustion boat and reveigh.Coabusticr. boats should not be handled vith the bare hand during thisprocess.

If total carbon or inorganic carbon is to be determined,Cupric oxide fines may be added to the sample to assist in combustion.Combust the sample in an induction furnace. Record the result as totalcarbon.

If organic carbon is to be deterained, treat s. fcacvn veightcf dric-J sediment vith several drops of 10 percent MCI. Vait untilthe effervescing is completed and add more acid. Continue this processuntil the incremental addition of acid causes no further effervescence,.Do not add too much acid at one time as. this may cause loss cf sampledue to frothing.

Dry the sample at TO°C and place in a desiccator. AddCupric oxide fines, combust the sample in an induction furnace, andrecord the result as organic carbon.

3-73

, £ • veight cf sample combusted, g

The organic carbon, GC, concentration of the sample (in mg/g)is calculated as fcllovs:

i- C _ (xo)

LLL

L

L

UJvhere

xco » veight of CO* evolved at 650°C, egi g • veight of sample combusted, g

Inorganic carbon, C_, (in mg/g) is calculated as:

L CT . c* - C^••• T • t A

Method ;: Wet Combustion**'*A third method has been used for carbon in sediments. This

is based en *he oxidation cf the saaple vith dichromate and bac& titra-tian cf the saaple vith ferrous aaao&ium sulfate. References areprovided fcr the procedure but details are not given. The procedureis similar to the chemical oxygen demand test vhieh is not specificfor carbon. The vet combustion method is a redox procedure and anyreduced chemicals in the sediment samples (ferrous iron, manganousmanganese, sulfide) vill react vith the dichramate. Therefore, thisprocedure is net recommended unless other instrumentation is notavailable.

3-75

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7- Organic Carbon 1n Soil

7a. Sample Preparation: Representative sub-aliquot of air-dried soil(see X sol Ids SAS) screened through 100 or 140 M*h as appropriate.All of the sub-aliquot oust pass this screen.

b. Test for Presence of Inorganic Carbon, ffiA, Part IX. Section 29-3.3.1.Place finely ground soil on a spot plate, and moisten with a few dropsof water. Add 4 H HC1 dropwlse to thi wetted simple and observe anyeffervescence. Allow sufficient tin for dolomite to react (-5 Bin).If Inorganic carbon Is absent proceed with Total Carbon In Ittas I7c,or 7d below. If Inorganic carbon 1s present, or the test 1$ notdefinitive, proceed with t1e*s *7e, 6r f7f prior to Total CarbonMasurcoents of I tarn *7c or *7d.

c. Total Carbon (Dry Combustion). MSA, Part II, Section 29-2.2.2. Usethis as a guide for instrumental specifications. Instrument must testsolid sample directly. Illustrative examples of this aethodology are:

1) Total Carbon (Dry Combustion - Medium Temperature ResistanceFurnace), MSA, Part II, Section 29-2.2.3.

2) Total Carbon (Dry Combusiton - High Temperature InductionFurnace), MSA, Part II, Section 29-2.2.4.

3) Total Carbon (Dry Combuslton - Other Instrumental Methods). KSA,Part M, Section 29-2.2.5. Any other instrumentation such asthis must be Justified and provide results as precise andaccurate as the results from Sections 29-2.2.3, and 29-2.2.4.

a. Total Caroon (Vet Digestion), MSA, ?aj-t II, Section 29-2.3.2 Soil digestedin 60:40 mixture of sulfuric acid ana phosphoric acid (containing KgCrO?).C02 evolved 1s absorbed and weighed, or absorbed in standard base anatitrated.

1) Specific exaatcles art found" in MSA, Part II, Figure 29-2.Figure 29-3, and Section 29-2.3.3.

«. Pretreataent prior to Dry Coa*ust1on, KSA, Part II, Section 29-3.3.3.Inorganic carbon is reamed by treating sample in a combustion boat,with 51 sulfurous add (HjSOaJ. After several hours, remove theexcess ^$03 by leaving overnight in an evacuated dessicator. Readcitation for further details.

f. Pretreatnent prior to Vet Digestion, MSA, Part II. Stciton 29-3.3.2.Inorganic carbon is rtnoved by sulfuric acid - ferrous sulfate reagentin apparatus used for total carbon, (Wet Digestion) prior to TotalCarbon oeasurenent. See citation for further details.

- (cent, next page) -

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A variety of apparatus. Instrumentation, sanole preparation systemsand read-out* can be used. It 1s the responsibility of the laboratory toprovide appropriate QC audits and QC <UU with each set of samples tested.

If Instrumentation requires calibration, ;provTde calibration curve.Including zero concentration standard and preparation blanks. Providepositive control (a test sample prepared Independently from calibrationstandards) that provides a measure of accuracy of system. This should be donefor all systems Including grin* trie read-out*.

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FSP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

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L PartSField Sampling Plan

Appendix B—Standard Operating Procedures

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L WDCR725/017.51/5

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PSP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

j FIELD SAMPLING PLAN

FORiL NEW CASTLE STEEL SITEI 5-YEAR REVIEWt—•

June 1993

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WDCR725/018.51L

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CONTENTS

Section Pagetl"" 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

j 2 Sample Location and Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.2 Groundwater Sampling and Water Level Measurementl . . . . . 2-12.3 Soil Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

*"* 2.4 Surface Water and Sediment Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

L^ 3 Sample Designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

) 4 Sampling Equipment and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1L

5 Sample Handling and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15.1 QA/QC Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15.2 Chain-of-Custody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-45.3 Sample Packing and Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

i 5.4 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5L

Appendix B: Standard Operating ProceduresiL

Tables

*-*-/ 2-1 Summary of Field Sampling and Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22-2 Summary of Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

!4-1 Standard Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

5-1 Sample Containers, Preservatives, Holding Times for Samples . . . . . 5-25-2 Preservatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

L Figures

2-1 Proposed Sampling Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4L

, WDCR725/019.51

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- FSP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

I ;-,.w-*

Section 1

L IntroductioniLi The overall objective of the project is to prepare a 5-Year Review report which assesses

whether the no-action remedial alternative selected at the New Castle Steel site remainsprotective of public health and the environment. This field sampling plan (FSP) describesthe scope of field activities CH2M HILL will perform during the 5-Year Review at the

I ^ New Castle Steel site. The field investigation scope of work is also outlined in the NewCastle Steel site 5-Year Review Work Plan.

L " .The scope of field activities at the New Castle Steel site includes collecting samples of soil,

I groundwater, surface water, and sediments. Samples will be analyzed for both chemicaland physical parameters. In addition, monitoring well water level measurements will also

i be taken.

iI The objectives of this FSP are to specify the following:

L* / • The location and frequency of samples to be collected

iL • The field procedures and criteria used to collect representative samples and

measurementsL.

• The analytical parameters and procedures for each matrix sampledL

• The sample preservation, custody, packaging, and shipment proceduresL

• The procedures to be used to obtain adequate quality control and properiL- documentation

1-1L


The FSP is organized into five sections. Section 1, "Introduction," presents theorganization of the document and the objectives of the FSP. Section 2, "Sample Locationand Frequency/' presents the sampling program by media or activity. For each media, thesampling objectives, locations, frequency, analytical methods, sampling equipment, andprocedures are discussed. Descriptions of waste management and equipment decontamina-tion activities follow the media-specific discussions in this section. Section 3, "SampleDesignation," addresses sample numbering. Section 4, "Sampling Equipment andProcedures," describes the standard operating procedures (SOPs) included in Appendix B.Section 5, "Sample Handling and Analysis," addresses sample handling and analysisincluding types of quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) samples; sample preservation,packaging, and shipment; and chain-of-custody and field activity documentation procedures.

WDCR725/020.51

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Section 2

Sample Location and Frequency

I 2.1 IntroductionkM

! The field activities addressed hi this FSP are:

i -w> • Groundwater sampling an<fwater-level measurements^• Soil sampling

| • Surface water sampling• Sediment sampling

i

This section of the FSP describes the sampling objectives, locations, frequency, equipment,[_ and procedures associated with each task listed above. Procedures are generally described

hi separate sections called Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), which are presented in[^ Appendix B and referenced in this section as appropriate.

iL—^ The field activities are discussed below by activity. Sample collection activities are

summarized in Table 2-1. The QC samples to be collected associated with each samplingL- activity are summarized in Table 2-2. All sampling locations are shown hi Figure 2-1.

L2.2 Groundwater Sampling and Water Level Measurement

L1 The groundwater sampling task includes the collection of groundwater samples from each

of the four existing monitoring wells at the site. In addition, water-level measurements anda visual inspection of each well will be performed.

2-1L


Table 2-1SUMMARY OF FIELD SAMPLING AND ANALYSES

Sampling Area

Groundwater

Soils

Surface Water

Sediments

Number ofLocations

4

4

6

6

Number ofSamples*

10(1 each of filtered and

unfiltered at eachlocation plus duplicate)

5(1 each location plus

duplicate)


duplicate)


duplicate)

Parameters Analyzed or Tested

Field

Field InspectionWater-Level and WellDepth Measurements

pHTemperatureConductivity

Field Inspection

Field InspectionTemperatureDissolved OxygenpHConductivityFlowrate

Field InspectionTemperatureEhpHConductivityColor

RAS

TAL (total anddissolved)

Cyanide

TAL (total)Cyanide

TAL (total)Cyanide

TAL (total)CyanideMoisture content

SAS

None

None

TSSAlkalinityHardness

TOCGrain size distribution

* Excludes QC samples, includes duplicates.TAL = Target Analyte List; TSS = Total Suspended Solids; TOC = Total Organic CarbonRAS = Routine Analytical Services; SAS = Special Analytical Services

WDCR725/022.51

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1 FSP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

Table 2-2SUMMARY OF SAMPLING

SamplingArea

Groundwater

Soils

Surface Water

Sediments

Analyses

TAL: Metals (total)TAL: Metals (dissolved)Total CyanideTAL: Metals (total)Total Cyanide

TAL: Metals (total)Total CyanideTSSAlkalinityHardnessTAL: Metals (total)Total CyanideMoisture ContentTOCGrain Size Distribution

AnalyticalMethod

RASRASRAS

RASRAS

RASRASEPA 160.2EPA 310.1EPA 130.2

RASRASRASRAS EPA 415.1ASTM D-422-63

Samples

444

44

66666

66666

FieldDuplicates

111111111111111

EquipmentBlanks

111

11

-

11

TotalNumber of

Samples666

66

71777

88777

Notes:EPA a Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Waste, March 1983 Edition.RAS = Routine analytical service program.TAL = Target Analyte ListQC samples include equipment blanks taken at a frequency of 1 in 20. One field blank sample will be submitted for eachday of sample collection.MS/DUP samples will be collected at a 1 hi 20 frequency.RAS-TAL/CN will be analyzed as per the CLP-SOW ILMOl including its most recent revision.

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WDCR725/023.51

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L 2-3

r r

(Upstream)

OKAINAG011C

[RPLOVEtPARKING

MW-2®

iPiINACTIVE cfcvr- *"t«j*rr?»

I I MW-1 «i | I I HOUSING

91H SIREET

<$*&£k«8as\

Leenc

• Soil Sample

MW-1 $ Monitoring Well

• Surface Water andSediment Sample

HUM III

Marshy/".<.;/ Area*". • - |

/

,u «~ . D - ,(Halfway to RWer)

HOUSING

Figure 2-1SITE MAP ANDPROPOSED SAMPLINGLOCAT10NSNew Castle Steel Site


L ""';-Objectives

iL.

The objectives of the groundwater sampling are:hL.

; • Perform a visual inspection of the physical condition of each monitoringi- well.i^ • Measure the depth to water and the total depth of each monitoring well,

• Collect one round of groundwater samples from each well and measureselected field .parameters.

L

| Location and Approachiu>

i The approximate locations of the four existing monitoring wells are shown in Figure 2-1.At each of the existing monitoring wells that can be located, measurements will be taken ofi

L the depth to water and the total depth of the well. In addition, a visual inspection of eachwell will be performed. Notes will be recorded regarding the condition of the well,

L._/ including the integrity of the protective casing or flush-mount cover, whether settlement orother degradation of the annular seal is apparent, and whether or not the well has a

iL. functional locking mechanism to prevent tampering.

i *L. Following the visual inspection and initial measurements, each monitoring well will be

purged and sampled. One monitoring well will be sampled in duplicate. At least 51— volumes of standing water in each well will be purged prior to sampling, provided that the

well is not purged dry before 5 volumes have been discharged. Measurements of pH,— temperature, and conductivity will be recorded after each well volume is purged.

Additional volumes will be purged to redevelop the well if the turbidity of the water being— discharged remains high after 5 well volumes. Both filtered (for dissolved metals analysis)

L2-5


and unfiltered (for total metals analysis) groundwater samples will be collected from eachwell following purging.

Groundwater samples will be stored in an iced cooler immediately after collection, and beshipped via overnight carrier to a CLP laboratory scheduled through the Central RegionLaboratory (CRL), for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals analysis (both dissolved andtotal).

Methods

The groundwater sampling will be conducted according to SOP 1. Water-levelmeasurements will be collected according to SOP 4.

2.3 Soil Sampling j*J

Objective ;•i

The objective of the soil sampling task is to: x__j

• Collect two shallow soil samples from each of the active and inactive landfill _,areas.

Locations and Approach

The approximate soil sampling locations are shown in Figure 2-1.•w

CH2M HILL will collect two soil samples from each of the landfill areas; one soil samplewill be collected in duplicate, for a total of 5 soil samples. The proposed sampling

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"- FSP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

I—•

locations are spaced to provide even coverage of the site; however, the actual locations willi_ be determined hi the field. Sampling will be performed where the absence of vegetation

and surficial exposure of the black foundry waste material is apparent. Sampling locationsL will be spaced to provide as even coverage of the landfill sites as possible.

iiL_ It is anticipated that a clean hand auger will be used for soil sample collection. Each

sample will be a composite of soils from 0 to 6 inches below grade. Although difficultt— hand augering conditions are expected in the foundry waste due to slag and debris, it is

anticipated that a depth of 6 inches can be achieved by relocating the borehole when^ obstructions are encountered.

i ,Soil samples will be stored in an iced cooler immediately after collection, and be shipped

| via overnight carrier to a CLP laboratory scheduled through the CRL, for TAL metalsanalysis.

t

Method»L

The soil sampling will occur according to the procedures outlined in SOP 6.

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2.4 Surface Water and Sediment Sampling

L- This task includes the collection of surface water and sediment samples at six locations

across the site.

L


Objectives

The objectives of the surface water and sediment sampling task are to:

• Collect surface water and sediment samples from six locations at the site forlaboratory analysis

• Measure selected field parameters at the sampling locations.

Locations and Approach

CH2M HILL will collect surface water and sediment samples from 6 locations at the site;duplicate surface water and sediment samples will be collected at one of the locations, fora total of seven surface water and seven sediment samples. Approximate proposedsampling locations are indicated in Figure 2-1. The proposed sampling locations include:(1) one set of samples from a drainage ditch which borders the inactive site to the west, atthe point closest to the landfill; (2) four sets of samples from the city drainage ditch whichdivides the active and inactive sites, including well upstream of the site (background), justdownstream of Ninth Street (where the ditch enters the site), at the downstream end of thesite (where the ditch leaves the site), and well downstream of the site (approximately halfof the distance between the site and the Delaware River); and (3) one set of samples froma marshy pond-like area located just east of the active site, at the point closest to thelandfill.

During surface water sample collection, a number of field parameters will be measured andrecorded, including temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, conductivity, and an estimateof the flow rate of the surface water body. The field parameters measured and recordedduring sediment sample collection include temperature, Eh, pH, conductivity, and color(based on a Munsell color chart). Samples will be stored in an iced cooler immediately

2-8

— FSP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

i * - -.L.

after collection, and be shipped via overnight carrier to a CLP laboratory scheduledL through the CRL. Surface water and sediment samples will be analyzed for total TAL

metals analysis. In addition, surface water samples will be analyzed in the laboratory forL total suspended solids (TSS), alkalinity, and hardness. Sediment samples will also be

analyzed in the laboratory for total organic carbon (TOC), grain size distribution, andL moisture content.iL- Methods

L- The surface water sampling method to be used at the site is outlined in SOP 7. SedimentI sampling is discussed hi SOP 9.

WDCR725/021.51

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FSP Revision No, 0June 15, 1993

Section 3

L Sample Designation

L Sample NumbersL

j Samples collected during field activities will be designated by a unique sample numberaccording to the medium being sampled. The designation of sample numbers will be

L^ concurrent with designation of sampling location. A spreadsheet will be used to maintaina correlation between sample numbers and sampling location.

LThe sample numbers used for tracking through the project will be based on the following

[_ alpha numeric system:

L Sample Number X-##

L where: X = Media identifier## m A sequential sample number

i—'The media identifiers for the sampling are listed below:

GW Groundwater SampleS Soil SampleSW Surface Water SampleSD Sediment SampleEQ Equipment BlankFB Field Blank

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Following the media designator, each sample will be assigned a 1 to 2 digit sequentialsample number.

WDCR725/024.51

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Section 4

Sampling Equipment and Procedures

Section 4 presents the list of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) that will be used forthe New Castle Steel site 5-Year Review sampling event. Table 4-1 lists the SOPs that arepresented in Appendix B.

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Table 4-1STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

SOP1SOP 2

SOPSSOP 4

SOPS

SOP 6

SOP 7

SOPS

SOP 9SOP 10SOPHSOP 12

Groundwater SamplingField Measurement of pH and EhField Measurement of Specific Conductance and TemperatureWater-Level MeasurementsPreserving Non- Volatile Organic Compound Aqueous Samples

rSoil SamplingSurface Water SamplingField Measurement of Dissolved OxygenSediment SamplingDecontamination of EquipmentField Rinse Blank PreparationRegion III Sample Paperwork

WDCR725/026.51

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L FSP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

Section 5

Sample Handling and Analysis

The sample containers, preservation, and holding times for environmental samples to becollected during this project are listed hi Table 5-1.

Concentrations and grades of preservatives to be used at the site are included in Table 5-2.The techniques to be used for sample collection and preservation are included hi the SOPs.

! 5.1 QA/QC Samples

I Duplicate samples will be collected to provide a measure of the reproducibility of thelaboratory procedures, and sampling procedures. The duplicate samples will be collected

w at a rate of 1 per 20 samples per media and laboratory.

_ Blanks provide a measure of cross-contamination sources, decontamination efficiency, andpotential errors that can be introduced from other sources. HPLC grade water will be used

L^^/ for the collection of blanks prepared in the field. Two types of blanks will be collected hithe field in these investigations: equipment blanks and field blanks. Equipment blanks

L- check the quality of the equipment decontamination procedures employed during sampling.Field blanks serve as a measure of the purity of the water used for the collection of blanks,

~ and of contaminants resident hi ah* hi the sample container storage area.

L- One equipment blank will be collected per 20 samples. The equipment blank will be aI rinse blank, collected in accordance with the procedures outlined hi SOP 11. Theu equipment blanks will be treated in accordance with the other aqueous samples;: preservatives will be added as appropriate.

5-1L


Table 5-1SAMPLE CONTAINERS, PRESERVATIVES, AND

HOLDING TIMES FOR SAMPLES

Analysis

TAL Metals(Liquid)

TAL Metals (Solid)

TAL Cyanide(Liquid)

TAL Cyanide(Solid)

TSS

Hardness

Alkalinity

TOC (Solid)

Grain SizeDistribution

Sample Volume andContainer Type

1 -liter plastic bottle

8-oz glass jar

1-liter plastic bottle

8-oz glass jar

250 ml P/G

250 ml P/G

1 liter plastic bottle

8-oz glass jar

8-oz glass jar

Number of ContainersRequired for Eacb Sample

RegularSamples

1

1

1

t

1

1

1

I

1

Samples WhichInclude Lab

QC-

2

2

3

2

3

2

2

2

N/A

Preservatives andStorage

Requirements

HNCs to pH <2

Cool to 4°C

NaOH to pH >12

Cool to 4°C

Cool to 4°C

HjSO4 to pH <2

Coolto4°C

Cool to 4°C

N/A

MaximumHolding TimesFrom Time of

Sample Collection

180 days (6 mo);Hg, 28 days

180 days (6 mo);Hg, 28 days

14 days

14 days

7 days

28 days

14 days

28 days

N/A

Notes: P/G - polyethylene or glass'Lab QC samples will be taken once for every 20 samples of the same matrix. These Include spike/duplicate (inorganic) samples. Lab QCsamples will be identified on sample labels and chain of custody forms.

WDCR725/029.S1/1

5-2


L

Table 5-2PRESERVATIVES

Preservatives

HNO3

H2SO4

NaOH

Concentration

25%

Concentrated

ION

All preservatives will be minimum reagent grade chemicalspurchased from VWR Scientific.

f I

WDCR725/029.51/2L-

L

L5-3


One field blank will be included with each daily shipment of samples, or at a minimum rateof 1 per 20 samples. The field blank is a measure of the purity of the water used indecontamination and resident contamination in the area of sample container storage. Afield blank is collected by transferring water from the laboratory container into samplecontainers. The field blanks will be treated in accordance with the other aqueous samples;preservatives will be added as appropriate.

One matrix spike/matrix duplicate (MS/DUP) sample will be collected for every 20 fieldsamples. The MS/DUP samples are collected for laboratory quality control.

5.2 Chain-of-Custody

Sample possession will be traceable through collection, preparation, shipping, and analysis.The principal documents used to identity and to document sample possession are:

• Chain of custody records• Sample identification tags• Sample labels• Air bills (e.g., Federal Express)• Field notebooks• Sample collection database• Shipping logs

The field sampling personnel who perform the sample collection and preparation willassume responsibility for the care and custody of the samples until they are dispatchedproperly. A chain of custody record will accompany each sample shipment from the fieldto the analytical laboratory at all times. The chain of custody procedures and samplemanagement and documentation requirements of EPA Region III are outlined in SOP 12.

5-4

*- FSP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

I " •L.

The information in SOP 12 includes the designation of samples with the CLP sampleL, numbers, shipping protocol, bottle labeling requirements, and shipping notification

requirements.iIM

5.3 Sample Packing and Shipment

The samples will be placed hi the appropriate bottles and sample containers as listed in\*"" Table 5-1. Sample packaging and shipment will be according to the procedures outlined in! f SOP 12. Sample numbers for tracking through the CLP will be provided by the SMO and

will be assigned in the field.iiL Samples will be shipped by Federal Express Priority 1 Overnight Service. Those samples! which do not require temperature to be controlled at 4 degrees C may be shipped usingi—.

Federal Express Government Overnight Service.!i -

Sample shipping will be reported to the CRL daily following the procedures outlined in' SOP 12. Sample shipping information may be provided to CRL by fax and confirmedu-

through daily telephone conversations with CRL.ii

5.4 Documentation

LPersonnel Training

All CH2M HILL project sampling personnel will have successfully completed the 40-hour'- Hazardous Waste Site Health and Safety Training Course. At least 1 person who has

successfully completed the American Red Cross standard First Aid Course and the BasicLife Support Course in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation will be onsite during sampling.

[ Onsite personnel will attend a briefing on site specific health and safety hazards before*"" working at the site.

5-5


Key field sampling personnel will review the SAP, HSP, and the New Castle Steel WorkPlan before conducting site activities.

Log Books

Field notebooks (hand field survey books) used by field personnel will record pertinentfield information and describe sampling procedures. Information will be entered inwaterproof ink and written in sufficient detail so that a history of the sampling event can bereconstructed.

Notebooks will be assigned to field personnel and stored in a secure location when not inuse. After project completion, these documents will be retained in the project files. Thepages of each notebook will be numbered.

The cover of each notebook will indicate the following:

• Project name• Logbook number• Start date• End date

Notebook entries will contain several types of information. At the beginning of each dailyentry, the field personnel will record the date, start time, current weather, names of allfield personnel, level of personal protection, names of any visitors, and visitor's purpose.Difficulties, accidents, incidents, or deviations from the work plan or SAP will berecorded. Each page in the log book should be numbered. The bottom of each pageshould be initialed by the person making entries. Each line on a page should be used or, ifnot used, crossed out, initialed, and dated.

5-6


LAll measurement made during field activities will be recorded. Corrections will be madei

L by drawing a single line through the error and initialing and dating the correction.Information will not be erased or rendered unreadable. Wherever a sample is collected or

u, a measurement made, a detailed description of the location of the station will be recorded.

iL Equipment used to obtain data will be identified. Calibration information on the sampling. and measuring equipment used in the field will be recorded in a designated calibration log*- book. The calibration shall identify calibration equipment, calibrated equipment,I calibration standards used, span or other calibration readings, and person performing the1 -^^*"* calibration. The equipment used to collect samples also will be noted. Field parameters; measured during sample collection will be recorded.U

I The information recorded to identify the sample will include sample location, CH2M HILLsample name, CLP sample numbers, sample time, and sample date.

jL,

PhotographsI •L_

Photographs will be taken at a representative group of sampling locations, and other fieldi/, activities. Each photograph will be logged and described in a field logbook. Each entry

will include the time, date, location, and description of objects in the photograph. Thei|_ film roll and frame number should be noted. To facilitate identification of the photographs

in each roll, the first shot on each roll should identify the site, project, roll number, stanL date, and photographer. Where possible the photographs should include a familiar object

for scale.L*

, The camera to be used for site activities should record the photo date.L

iL WDCR725/028.51

5-7L

FSP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993''

L

Appendix BStandard Operating Procedures

L

1 WDCR725/030.51/1L

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SOP 1: Groundwater Sampling

I I. PURPOSE AND SCOPEu

| This procedure presents guidelines for the collection of groundwater samples fromL-

monitoring wells.

LH. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

• Bailer, disposable polyethyleneIL

• pH/Eh meter; Orion Model SA250 or equivalenttL,

• Dissolved oxygen meteri

• Temperature/conductivity meter; YSI Model 33 or equivalent

• Disposable 0.45^ filters; QED FF8100 or equivalent

• Peristaltic pump with dedicated tubing

III. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINESi—

I A. Setup and PurgingL~i

• 1. The well number, site, date, and condition are recorded in the field*•" logbook.

L

2. Clean, unused plastic sheeting is placed on the ground, and the well isunlocked and opened.

3. Water level measurements are collected in accordance with SOP 4,and the total depth of the well is measured.

4. Instruments are calibrated according to manufacturer's instructions.

5. The volume in gallons of water in the well casing is calculated asfollows:

0.052 (n A) = 0.163 (^h) = gallons

where: n - 3,14r = radius of the well pipe in inchesh = height of water in well in feet

The volume of water in typical well casings may be calculated asfollows:

2-inch diameter well:0.163 gal/ft x __ (linear feet of water ) = gallons

4-inch diameter well:0.653 gal/ft x _; (linear feet of water ) = gallons

6-inch diameter well:1.469 gal/ft x __ (linear feet of water ) = gallons

6. Purging and sampling equipment is cleaned and decontaminated priorto use in accordance with SOP 10.

U 7. A new, clean disposable polyethylene bailer is removed from its ; <v

protective covering and attached to a cord compatible withL constituents and long enough to reach the bottom of the well.

i— 8. The bailer is lowered into the well and is allowed to fill with a,

t minimum of surface disturbance to prevent sample water aeration.*— When the bailer is raised, the bailer cord must not touch the ground.

!**" 9. During purging, the field parameters are measured at least once| during each well volume.^\ 10. At least five well volumes are purged (more may be purged if

parameters do not stabilize). Purging is stopped when field1 : parameters have stabilized over two consecutive well volumes and atL_.

least five well volumes have been purged. Field parameters are| considered stabilized when pH measurements agree within 0.5 units,L

temperature measurements agree within 1°C, and specific conductancemeasurements agree within 10 percent (e.g., 100 units for readings of

L-1,000 ^mhos/cm). In nonproductive wells, the well is repeatedly

| , bailed dry to obtain a minimum of five well volumes, and allowed torecover before sampling.

iL

B. Sample Collectionit_<

Once purging has been completed, the well is ready to be sampled. TheL elapsed time between completion of purging and collection of the

groundwater sample from the well should be minimized. Typically, theL sample is collected immediately after the well has been purged, but this is

also dependent on well recovery.

L

Samples will be placed in bottles that are appropriate to the respectiveanalysis and that have been cleaned to laboratory standards.

The following information, at a minimum, will be recorded in the log book:

• Sample identification (site name, location, and project number;sample name/number and location; sample type and matrix;time and date; sampler's identity)

• Sample source and source description

• Field observations and measurements (appearance, samplingmethod), volume of water purged prior to sampling, numberof well volumes purged, and field parameter measurements

• Sample disposition (preservatives added; laboratory sent to,date and time sent; laboratory sample number, EPA TrafficReport or Special Analytical Services number, chain-of-custody number, sample bottle lot number)

• Additional remarks

The steps to be followed for sample collection are as follows:

1. The cap is removed from the sample bottle, and the bottle is tiltedslightly.

2. The sample is slowly poured from the bailer or discharged from theperistaltic pump so that it runs down the inside of the sample bottlewith a minimum of splashing. Samples for dissolved TAL metalsanalysis will be field filtered before transfer to the sample bottle

through the use of a disposable in-line filtration module (0.45 micronfilter) using the pressure provided by the peristaltic pump for itsoperation.

3. If necessary, the sample is preserved according to the proceduresdescribed in SOP 5.

4. The bottle is capped, then labeled clearly and carefully, in accordancewith SOP 12.

5. Samples are placed in appropriate containers and, if necessary, packedwith ice in coolers as soon as practical.

IV. ATTACHMENTS

None.

V. KEY CHECKS AND PREVENTATWE MAINTENANCE

Maintain field equipment in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations;this will include, but is not limited to:

• Verify battery charge, calibration, and proper working order of peristalticpump and field measurement equipment prior to initial mobilization and dailyduring field efforts

WDCR725/031.51

SOP 2: Field Measurement of pH and Eh

I. PURPOSE AND SCOPE

The purpose of this procedure is to provide a guideline for field measurement of pHand Eh.

D. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

• pH buffer solution for pH 4, 7, and 10 v

• Deionized water in squirt bottle

• pH/Eh meter, calibration sheet, and instructions

• pH and redox electrodes

• Beakers

• Glassware that has been washed with soap and water, rinsed twice with hotwater, and rinsed twice with deionized water

• 4 M KC1 saturated with Ag/AgCl solution, electrode filling solution.

L.

III. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES

A. Calibration

Calibrate unit prior to initial daily use. There are no calibration proceduresfor the redox electrode. Calibrate with at least two solutions. Clean theprobe according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Duplicate samplesshould be run once every 10 samples. The order of calibration solutions willbe based on the instrument manufacturer's recommendation.

1. Place electrode in pH 7 buffer solution.

2. Allow meter to stabilize, and then turn calibration dial until a readingof 7.0 is obtained.

3. Rinse electrode with deionized water and place it in a pH 4 or pH 10buffer solution.

4. Allow meter to stabilize again and then turn slope adjustment dialuntil a reading of 4.0 is obtained for the pH 4 buffer solution or 10.0for the pH 10 buffer solution.

5. Rinse electrode with deionized water and place in pH 7 buffer. Ifmeter reading is not 7.0, repeat sequence.

B. Procedure

1. Before going out into the field:

a. Check batteries.b. Do a quick calibration at pH 7 and 4 to check electrode.

' 2

L c. Obtain fresh calibration solutions.d. Fill electrodes.

2. Calibrate meter using calibration procedure.iL

i 3. Pour the sample into a clean beaker.L; 4. Rinse electrode with deionized water between samples.*»i

i 5. Immerse electrode in solution. Make sure the white KC1 junction onL^the side, of the electrode is in the solution. The level of electrode

! solution should be one inch above sample to be measured.L

t 6. Recheck calibration with pH 7 buffer solution after every fivesamples.

iL

C. General

L1. When calibrating the meter, use pH buffers 4 and 7 for samples with

\ j pH <8, and buffers 7 and 10 for samples with pH >8. I f meter willnot read pH 4 or 10, something may be wrong with the electrode.

L2. Measurement of pH is temperature dependent. Therefore, buffers

L temperatures should be within about 2 degrees C of sampletemperatures. For refrigerated or cool samples, use refrigerated

iL buffers to calibrate the pH meter.

i •

L 3. Weak organic and inorganic salts and oil and grease interfere with pHmeasurements. If oil and grease are visible, note it on the data sheet.

L. Clean electrode with soap and water and rinse with distilled water.Then recalibrate meter.

L

4. Following field measurements, report problems and compare withprevious data. Clean dirt off meter and inside case and storeelectrode in pH 4 buffer.

5. Accuracy and precision are dependent on the instrument used; refer tomanufacturer's manual. Expected accuracy and precision are +/- 0.1pH unit.

6. The redox electrode should be checked prior to beginning site workand when anomalous readings suggest that the probe ismalfunctioning. The procedure for checking the redox electrode is asbelow:

a. Prepare solution A (0.1 M potassium ferrocyanide and0.005 M potassium ferricyanide): weigh out 4.22 g reagent-grade K4Fe(CN)6»3H2O and 1.65 g reagent-grade K3Fe(CN)6.Place in a 100 ml volumetric flask. Add about 50 ml distilledwater and swirl to dissolve solids. Dilute to volume withdistilled water.

b. Prepare solution B (0.01 M potassium ferrocyanide, 0.05 M

potassium ferricyanide, and 0.36 M potassium fluoride):weigh out 0.42 g reagent-grade K4Fe(CN)6»3H2O 1.65 greagent-grade K3Fe(CN)6, and 3.39 g reagent-grade KF«2H2O.Place in a 100 ml volumetric flask. Add 50 ml distilled water,and swirl to dissolve solids. Dilute to volume with distilledwater.

c. Transfer solution A to a 150 ml beaker. Place electrode in thesolution and wait until the reading stabilizes. The potentialshould be about 234 mV.

L d. Rinse electrode and repeat the measurement with solution B.: The potential should be about 66 mV greater in solution BI— than in solution A.••|>- IV. KEY CHECKS AND PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

I• Check batteries, have a replacement set on hand.

} • Calibrate meter.• Refer to operation manual for recommended maintenance.

WDCR725/032.51

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L SOP 3: Field Measurement of Specific Conductanceand Temperature

LL PURPOSE AND SCOPE

LThe purpose of this procedure is to provide a general guideline for field

_ measurement of specific conductivity and temperature of groundwater samples.

L^ n. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

L • Conductivity meter and electrodei • Distilled water in squirt bottleL • Standard potassium chloride (KC1) solution (0.01 N)

*- HI. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES

'- A. Technical: Detection limit = 1 /xmho/cm @ 25°C; range = 0.1 to100,000 pmho/cm

| B. Calibration: Calibrate prior to initial daily use with standard solution. Thestandards should have different orders of conductance. Clean probe

; according to manufacturer's recommendations. Duplicates should be runL-

once every 10 samples. Calibration procedure:

i1. With mode switch in OFF position, check meter zero. If not zeroed, set with

I zero adjust.

I 2. Plug probe into jack on side of meter.

3. Turn mode switch to red line and turn red line knob until needle aligns withred line on dial. If they cannot be aligned, change the batteries.

4. Immerse probe in 0.01 N standard KC1 solution. Do not allow the probe totouch the sample container.

5. Set the mode control to TEMPERATURE. Record the temperature on thebottom scale of the meter in degrees C.

6. Turn the mode switch to appropriate conductivity scale (i.e., xlOO, xlO, orxl). Use a scale that will give a midrange output on the meter.

7. Wait for the needle to stabilize. Multiply reading by scale setting and recordthe conductivity.

8. If the conductivity meter does not perform an automatic temperatureadjustment, the conductivity may be adjusted to 25°C using the formula:

G23 = GT / [1 + 0.02 (T - 25)]

Where:

G25 - conductivity at 25°C, /tmho/cmT = temperature of sample, degrees CGT = conductivity of sample at temperature T, jumho/cm

The table below lists the values of conductivity that the calibration solutionwould have if the distilled water were totally nonconductive; however, evenwater of high purity will possess a small amount of conductivity.

L

L.

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L

L

Temperature °C

15161718192021222324252627282930

Conductivity (^mho/cm)

1,141.51,167.51,193.61,219.91,246.41,273.01,299.71,326.61,353.61,380.81,408.11,436.51,463.21,490.91,518.71,546.7

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L

9. Rinse the probe with deionized water.

C. Sample Measurement: Pour the sample into a small beaker and place theprobe in the sample. Note and record the reading. Rinse the probe withdeionized water when done.

IV. ATTACHMENTS

• Conductivity meter calibration sheet

V. KEY CHECKS AND PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE

L Check battery.Calibrate meter.Clean probe with deionized water when done.

• When reading results, note sensitivity settings.• Refer to operations manual for recommended maintenance.• Check batteries, and have a replacement set on hand.

WDCR725/033.51

L.

L

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CONDUCTIVITY METER CALIBRATION SHEET

Instrument Readings

Analyst Uncalibrated CalibratedDate Time Initials (a), EC"225 @ EC-225 Comments

WDCR725/033.51

SOP 4: Water-Level Measurements

L PURPOSE AND SCOPE

t The purpose of this procedure is to provide a guideline for the measurement of thedepth to groundwater in monitoring wells, where a second phase of floating liquid

I (e.g., gasoline) is not encountered. This SOP includes guidelines for discreteL-

measurements of static water levels.

D. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALSsi

A. Discrete Measurements of Static Water LeveliL •

• Electronic water level meter, Solinst or equivalent, with a minimumL 150-foot tape; cable should have graduations in increments of 0.1 feet

or less

L-

• Engineering rule graduated in 0.01-foot increments

HI. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINESI

A. Measurement Of Static Water Leveli~

i Verity that the unit is turned on and functioning properly. Slowly lower the^ probe on its cable into the well until the probe just contacts the wateri surface; the unit will respond with a tone or light signal. Sight across the top

of the locking well casing adjacent to the measuring point, recording thei position of the cable when the probe is at the water surface. The measuring

point will be a standardized surveyed location on the top of each well casing,

L

adjacent to the lock hasp, indicated by a notch, paint mark, or similarmethod. Measure the distance from this point to the next lower intervalmarker on the cable, and record the water level reading in the log book.

Measure and record the three following additional readings: (1) the depth ofthe well; (2) the depth from the top of the casing to the top of the well riser;and (3) the distance to the surface of the concrete pad or to ground.Measurements are to be taken with respect to the measuring point on the topof the well casing. The depth of well may be measured using the water-levelprobe with the instrument turned off.

IV. ATTACHMENTS

None.


A. Discrete Measurements of Static Water Level

Prior to each use, verify that the battery is charged by pressing the test buttonon the water-level meter. Verify that the unit is operating correctly bytesting the probe in distilled or deionized water. Leave the unit turned offwhen not in use.

WDCR725/034.51

L

t- SOP 5: Preserving Non-VOC Aqueous SamplesiL

| I. PURPOSE

| To provide general guidelines for preserving aqueous samples.u

i n. SCOPEu

j ^j Standard aqueous sample preservation procedures for non-VOC samples are provided.

L ML EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

* 'L • Disposable eye droppers

I .[_ • Clean beakers for transfer of small portions of chemical preservative

L • pH paper strips (Range 0 to 14)

|L^> • Chemical preservatives, as appropriate

i— • Personal protection, as appropriate

*- • Clean outdoor or vented indoor area

L- IV. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES

ii1. Remove caps from sample containers to be chemically preserved in designated area.

! Add appropriate amount of chemical preservative to opened container. To determine

L

the approximate amount of preservative which will be required, preserve a sample ofpotable water and calculate the volume of preservative required.

2. After adding the appropriate preservatives to the sample containers, cap containerstightly. Invert sample container a few times to mix.

3. After preserving all the sample containers and mixing, open the container and checkthe pH of the sample by pouring out a small quantity of the sample to a cleanreceptacle and dipping a pH indicating strip into the sample. Add more preservativeto the sample to adjust the pH, if necessary repeating steps 1 and 2. When threetimes the amount of preservative used to preserve a sample of potable water hasbeen added, record the pH and notify the ARCS Sample Manager that the samplecould not be preserved.

4. Wrap, package, and ice samples according to the CLP User's Guide.

V. ATTACHMENTS

None.

VI. KEY CHECK ITEMS

WDCR726/011.51

SOP 6: Soil Sampling

i L PURPOSE AND SCOPEL»

' The purpose of this procedure is to provide guidelines for obtaining samples of soilsL

using manually operated equipment.ii

H. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

L^• Stainless-steel hand auger

L• Stainless-steel pan or bowl

i1hw

• Stainless-steel trowel, scoopula, or other appropriate hand tool*L

• Sample containersL

in. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES

A. Hand Auger SamplingL-

Before sampling begins, all sampling equipment will be decontaminated usingthe procedures described in SOP 10: Decontamination of Isampling point is located and recorded in the field logbook.

*— the procedures described in SOP 10: Decontamination of Equipment. The

A hand auger is used to collect a sample from 0 to 6 inches below grade.The sample at each location is placed in a stainless-steel bowl and mixed andhomogenized to produce a composite sample. A clean stainless-steel or

L

dedicated wooden tongue depressor is used to transfer the composite samplefrom the bowl to the sample container.

The soils removed from the borehole should be visually described in the field

log book, including approximated depths.

When sampling is completed the hole is then backfilled. After sampling thecollected samples are labeled and handled as described in SOP 12.

IV. ATTACHMENTS

None.


Check that decontamination of equipment is thorough.

WDCR726/012.51

SOP 7: Surface Water Sampling

L

L PURPOSE AND SCOPE

This procedure presents the techniques used in collecting surface water samples.

H. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

Materials and equipment vary depending on type of sampling. More detail is foundin Section III text.

• Sample containers• Meters for specific conductance, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen

L m. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES

L Prior to sampling, all sample botdes are labeled and handled in accordance withSOP 12. The procedures for taking surface water samples are described below.

A. Manual SamplingLM

I Surface water samples are taken manually by submerging a clean glass or>— polyethylene sample container into the water body.

'-' A sample is taken with the following specific steps:

1. The location for surface water sampling is selected.

L.

2. The sample site is approached from downstream in a manner thatavoids disturbance of bottom sediments as much as possible. Thesample bottle is gently submerged to just below the water surface

with the mouth pointed upstream and the bottle tilted slightlydownstream. Bubbles and floating materials should be preventedfrom entering the bottle.

3. When the sample bottle is full, it is gently removed from the water

and capped.

4. If necessary, the sample is preserved according to the proceduresdescribed in SOP 5.

5. An additional sample is collected at the same location from whichmeasurements of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and conductivityare taken and recorded.

6. An estimate of the flowrate of the surface water body at eachsampling location is made and recorded.

IV. REFERENCES

None.

WDCR726/013.51

SOP 8: Field Measurement of Dissolved Oxygen

I. PURPOSE

To provide general guidelines for the calibration and use of the Dissolved Oxygen (DO)i meter.

I II. SCOPEu.

1 ^^ This is a general guideline for the field use of a DO meter. For specific instructions,L*

refer to the operations manual.\i*~ III. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

L • Operations manual

I ,'"* • A DO probe and readout/control unit with batteries!*~ • Electrolyte solution (KC1 dissolved in deionized water) and probe membrane

IV. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES

i . iL- A. Calibration

!L Calibrate prior to initial daily use before any readings are taken. Clean probe

according to manufacturer's recommendations.ii

1. Prepare DO probe according to manufacturer's recommended proceduresi. using electrolyte solution.

\ 2. In the off position, set the pointer to zero using the screw in the center ofthe meter panel.

3. Turn function switch to red line and adjust using red line knob until themeter needle aligns with the red mark at the 31 degrees C position.

4. Turn function switch to zero and adjust to zero using the zero controlknob.

5. Attach prepared probe and adjust retaining ring finger tight.

6. Allow 15 minutes for optimum probe stabilization (when meter is off orduring disconnection of the probe).

7. Place probe in hollow stopper that is supplied for use with the YSICalibration Chamber.

8. Place approximately 1/2 inch of deionized water into a 4-ounce, widemouth screw cap bottle. Keep this bottle capped and with the DO meter.

9. Just before use, shake the bottle to saturate the water with air.

10. Remove cap, place probe in bottle keeping an air-tight seal around therubber stopper. Swirl water around in the bottle while waiting for

conditions to reach equilibrium.

11. Shield chamber from sun and wind to avoid temperature fluctuationsduring calibration.

12. Turn function switch to temperature and record temperature reading.Determine calibration factor for that temperature and altitude correctionfactor from tables supplied by manufacturer.

13. Multiply the calibration factor by the correction factor to get a correctedcalibration value.

L- 14. Turn function switch to appropriate ppm range and adjust the calibrate -\;, knob until the meter reads the corrected calibration value. Wait twoL minutes to verify calibration value. Re-adjust as necessary.

!

L B. Procedure

i[_ 1. Before going out into the field:

a) Check batteries

I-*-*' b) Obtain fresh electrolyte solution

i c) Prepare DO probeL-

1 2. Calibrate meter using calibration procedure.

| 3. Place probe in water to be measured. The probe should be movedthrough the water at 1 ft/sec or use a probe with a built-in stirrer,

4. Allow sufficient time for probe to stabilize to water temperature and DO.I Record DO meter reading.L-*-/

I V. ATTACHMENTSL.

i • DO meter calibration sheet.L^

, VI. KEY CHECKSi 'L_

• Battery checkf •

• Calibration

VII. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

Refer to operation manual for recommended maintenance.Check batteries, have replacement set on hand.

WDCR726/014.51

DO METERCALIBRATION SHEET

L. Analyst's Temp Alt Predict ActualDate Time Signature fC) (ft) foom 0,) fppm 0,) Comment

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L:

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SOP 9: Sediment Sampling

j I. PURPOSE AND SCOPE

This procedure provides guidance for sediment sampling.

H. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

\-*J • Stainless steel tray• Hand tools (spoon, scoop, trowel, etc.)

I • Shelby tubes• Sample bottles

^ • Logbook• Dredge (Ponar or Eckman type)

L • Corers

L HI. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES

Ls^ Sediments are typically collected as composite samples; that is, several (typically, three or more) smaller sediment samples are taken across the width of a stream andL- mixed, or samples are taken at several points (typically three to five) andi homogenized. Sediments may be Iayere4 as a result of differential settling rates or*- different sized fractions. To obtain layered samples, undisturbed cores may be

sought, the individual layers may be skimmed off to constitute a sample, or ai*"" homogenized sample may be sieved or filtered to separate out the desired fraction.

Streams, lakes, and impoundments may show significant variations in sediment* composition related to distance from inflows, discharges, or other disturbances. In"~ addition, the presence of rocks, debris, and organic material may complicate

i

sampling and preclude the use of or require modification of some devices. Largeareas may be divided into grids, and multiple samples can be collected andcomposited. Sampling locations are documented in the field logbook.

All sampling devices are cleaned and decontaminated in accordance with SOP 10.Specific instructions for typical sampling methods are provided below.

A. Spoon, Scoop, and Other Sample Devices

When sediments are exposed by evaporation, stream rerouting, or othermeans of water loss, they may be collected by scoops, spoons, or trowels.When the liquid layer is sufficiently shallow, sludges or sediments may alsobe collected using a scoop or a thin-tube sampler. The thin-tube sampler is

preferable, because it creates less sample disturbance and also collects someoverlying liquid, thus preventing drying or excessive sample oxidation beforeanalysis.

The following steps are taken for sediment sampling with simple devices:

1. The sample area, including any recognizable features, is sketched inthe field logbook for future reference.

2. The sampling device is inserted into material to remove the sample.If the material has been exposed to air, it may be desirable to removeand discard an upper layer before collecting the sample.

3. If compositing a series of grab samples, a stainless steel mixing bowlor Teflon tray is used for mixing.

4. The sample is transferred into an appropriate sample container with astainless steel spoon, scoop, and spatula. Either a new tool must be

L

L

used to transfer each sample or the tool must be cleaned anddecontaminated between contacts, as described in SOP 10.

5. The cap is tightly secured. Chemical preservation of solids isgenerally not used, but samples should be refrigerated to 4°C.

B. Ponar and Eckman Dredges

iThe Ponar dredge is a clamshell scoop activated by a scissors-like closing

| , system. The shell is opened, latched in place, and slowly lowered to theL" bottom. When tension is released on the lowering cable, the latch releases| and the lifting action of the cable on the lever system closes the clamshell.IM

The Eckman dredge is a spring-loaded, clamshell-type scoop activated when| it lands on the sediments, releasing the springs. Eckman dredges are used inw.

sediments too soft for the Ponar.

The sampling action of these devices causes agitation that may temporarily1 resuspend some settled solids. This disturbance is minimized by slowly

lowering the dredge the last few feet to allow gentle contact with the bottom.

Dredge sampling is performed as follows:

L1. The sampling point is located using triangulation with onshore points

L1 if necessary. The location, with any recognizable features, is noted inthe field logbook.

L2. The dredge is attached to the necessary length of sample line. Solid

L braided 3/16-inch nylon line is usually of sufficient strength, but alarger diameter nylon line facilitates hand hoisting.

3. The distance to bottom is measured and marked on the sample line.A secondary proximity mark, 3 feet shallower, is used to indicatewhen the lowering rate should be reduced to prevent unnecessary

bottom disturbance.

4. The sampler jaws are opened until latched. From this point on, thePonar must be supported by its lift line or the sampler will be trippedand the jaws will close. With the Eckman dredge, care should be

taken to avoid triggering springs.

5. The free end of the sample line is tied to a fixed support to prevent

loss of sampler.

6. The Ponar dredge is lowered until the 3-foot proximity mark isreached, and the rate of descent is slowed until contact is felt. TheEckman is allowed to free fall until contact is made.

7. The sample line is allowed to slacken until the mechanism is released.

8. The dredge is slowly raised and placed in a stainless steel or Teflontray for opening.

9. The sample is transferred into an appropriate sample bottle with astainless steel spoon, scoop, or spatula. Either a new tool must beused to transfer each sample or the tool must be cleaned anddecontaminated between contacts, as described in SOP 10.

C. Hand and Gravity Corers

Corers consist of a stainless steel barrel with optional liners, a nosepiece, andan "eggshell" core catcher. Hand corers have a handle to facilitate driving

_ the corer and a check valve on top to prevent washout during retrieval., Gravity corers have a check valve to allow water to flow through the unitiL. during descent; the check valve closes upon retrieval to prevent washout.

!L- 1. Hand Corersii '^ The following method is used to sample with a hand corer:

i .*^ a. The sample location is selected and recorded in the fieldI , logbook.lr^\ b. The corer is forced into the media, twisted, and withdrawn in

a single smooth motion.

Lc. The nosepiece is removed and the sample allowed to slide into

1 a stainless steel or Teflon tray.

j d. The sample is transferred into an appropriate sample bottlewith a stainless steel spoon or equivalent. Either a new tool

I * must b e used t o transfer each sample o f t h e tool must b ecleaned and decontaminated between contacts, as described in

SOP 10.

L 2. Gravity Corers

L To sample with a gravity corer, the following steps are taken:

L a. The sampling point is located by triangulation to points onshore and noted in the field logbook.

L

b. The corer is attached to the required length of sample line.

Solid braided 3/16-inch nylon line is normally sufficient, but alarger diameter line is easier to grasp during hand hoisting.An additional weight can be attached to the outside of thecorer, if necessary. The distance to the bottom is measuredand marked on the sample line.

c. The free end of the line is tied to a fixed support to prevent

loss of the corer.

d. The corer is allowed to free fall through the liquid to the

bottom.

e. The corer is retrieved with a smooth, continuous motion.

f. The nosepiece is removed and the sample allowed to slide intoa stainless steel or Teflon tray.

g. The sample is transferred into an appropriate sample bottle

with a stainless steel scoop, spoon, or spatula. Either a newtool must be used to transfer each sample or the tool must be

cleaned and decontaminated between contacts, as described in

SOP 10.

IV. REFERENCES

None.

WDCR726/015.51

IL SOP 10: Decontamination of Equipment

Li I. PURPOSE AND SCOPEL

j The purpose of this guideline is to provide methods for the decontamination ofL-

groundwater, soil, sediment, and surface water sampling equipment; field analytical| equipment; and water-level measurement equipment. Personnel decontaminationLw

procedures are not addressed in this SOP; refer to the site safety plan. TheI ^j decontamination of sample containers will not be necessary. Only sample containersw

certified clean by the manufacturer will be purchased for use on this project.

LH. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

L-• Phosphate-free detergent such as Alconox or Liquinox

^ • Buckets• Brushes

L' • Distilled organic-free water• Methanol, pesticide grade

Lx^X • Hexane, pesticide grade• Six-molar nitric acid, analytical grade• HPLC-grade water• Aluminum foil

LL

in. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINESi

L. A. Sampling EquipmentL

Prior to the initiation of field activities, and following each use, all samplingequipment will be decontaminated using the following procedures:

1. Wash and scrub equipment with phosphate-free detergent.

2. Rinse equipment with distilled organic-free water.

3. Rinse equipment with a 10 percent methanol solution.


5. Rinse equipment with 10 percent 6-molar nitric acid solution (if

sampling for metals).


7. Rinse equipment with HPLC-grade water.

8. Allow equipment to air dry.

9. Wrap the equipment with aluminum foil, shiny side out, to preventcontamination during storage and transport.

The discharge tubing for the peristaltic pump will be decontaminated prior to

use as previously described. Decontamination after use will not be necessary,

as each length of tubing will be used once and discarded.

Disposable field filters will be used; decontamination is not required.

L1L. D. Field Analytical Equipment

iL 1. Water Level Indicators

Water level indicators that consist of a probe that comes into contactwith the groundwater must be decontaminated using the following

*- steps:

*~ a. Rinse with tap water[ b. Rinse with deionized wateri ~^J*"" c. Solvent rinse with methanol| d. Rinse with deionized wateru

i 2. ProbesL

| Probes, for example, pH and DO probes that would come in directcontact with the sample, will be decontaminated using the proceduresspecified above unless manufacturer's instructions indicate otherwise,w*

I ' IV. ATTACHMENTSUiu-..^/

I None.

[_ V. KEY CHECKS AND PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE

tL The effectiveness of field cleaning procedures shall be monitored by rinsing field

cleaned equipment with organic-free water and submitting the rinse water in standardL sample containers for analysis. Any time a sampling event occurs, at least one such

( quality control sample shall be collected. The total number of equipment blanks willi tu be at least 5 percent of the number of samples collected during field samplingi efforts.

At least one piece of field equipment shall be selected for this procedure each time

equipment is washed. An attempt should be made to select different pieces of

equipment for this procedure.

WDCR726/016.51

L SOP 11: Field Rinse Blank (Equipment Blank) Preparation

I i. PURPOSEL,

I To prepare a quality control blank to determine the effectiveness of decontaminationprocedures and to check if any cross-contamination has occurred during sampling.

LII. SCOPE

The general protocols for preparing the rinse blank is outlined. The actualI equipment to be rinsed will depend on the requirements of the specific sampling

procedure.Iw

ffl. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

L• Blank liquid (use HPLC grade water)

jL.

• Sample containers as appropriateL^>

• Latex or vinyl glovesf

• • Preservatives as appropriate .

, IV. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINESL

A. Decontaminate all sampling equipment that has come in contact with thesample according to SOP 10.

L,

B. Pour the blank water into or over the piece of sampling equipment. For

example, if a pan and trowel were used for sampling, place trowel in the panand pour blank fluid in the pan such that the pan and trowel surfaces which

contacted the sample are contacted by the blank fluid. Pour blank fluid fromthe pan into the appropriate sample bottles. Note the sample number andassociated piece of equipment in the field notebook.

Do not let the blank fluid come in contact with any equipment that has not

been decontaminated.

C. Document and ship samples in accordance with the procedures used for all

other samples.

D. Collect next field sample.

V. ATTACHMENTS

None.

VI. KEY CHECKS AND ITEMS

• Wear latex or vinyl gloves.• Do not use any non-decontaminated equipment to prepare blank.

• Use HPLC grade water.

WDCR726/017.51

L

L

i

Li SOP 12: Regional HI Sample Paperwork

L

L.

EPA Sample Paperwork November 2, 1992

The following pages contain information that was designed to assist you in completing theEPA Sample Paperwork correctly. In order for these checklists to be effective you needtraining on how to fill out the paperwork by the sample manager. Without the training,these checklists will not be as effective.

The intent of these checklists is to make you think about what you are doing. It isextremely easy to make a simple error, and following the checklists will help eliminatethose errors.

You will notice as you read through the beginning pages that we talk about a lot of pre-sampling preparation of the paperwork: we strongly recommend you do this. It makes thesampling event go much smoother and you are not so pressed for time at the end of the day.

During the sampling event there are a few things you should keep in mind:

• Always follow the Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP). The SAP is the Biblefor all sampling events and its procedures should be followed as they aredescribed.

• QC samples: make sure all of the QC requirements listed in the SAP arecovered.

• Never call SMO with any questions at all. We are not allowed to talk tothem unless we are giving them shipping information.

• Send copies of the completed paperwork to the Sample Manager (DavidClark/WDC) every night you ship samples (by Federal Express or FAX).CRL and SMO often have questions and we need to be able to look at thepaperwork to answer these questions.PLEASE CALL IN THE EVENT YOU ARE UNSURE ABOUTANYTHING!! WE ARE HERE TO HELP.• Sample Manager - David Clark/WDC (x4305)• Site Manager - Site Specific• Secondary Sample Manager - Koumudi Ketkar/WDC (x4238)

Sample Preparation Checklistt-

__ If the sampling event has SAS analyses, have you had the SAS request written and submitted| a minimum-of 6 weeks before the sampling takes place?L^

Check the following 1 week before sampling:

*- Things to complete: __ Has the RAS lab been set up yet? (if applicable, callsample manager the Monday of the week before sampling

! to have the lab set up. Include total number of samples asu well as the QC requirements).

__ Review the Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP).j __ Where is the closest Federal Express office?

Do you have enough: __ Coolers (remember that organics and inorganics often go, to different labs).i __ Bottles (see enclosed list to get proper bottles for desired

analyses)__ Preservative (see enclosed list to get proper preservative

±S~s for desired analyses)__ Paperwork (tags, chain of custody forms, etc. - Call the

i Sample Manager - David Clark - to get these forms ifL needed)

__ Water-proof pensi __ Filters? If you have a Metals analysis will you beL filtering these samples?

__ HPLC waterI __ Federal Express FormsL __ Sample Equipment (pumps, meters, H&S, etc.)

__ Trip blanks for VOA analysis? (if applicable)iL, Before going out into the field, it is a good idea to fill out the paperwork as much as possible,

especially if you will be doing oversite (OS) work at the same time. Putting everything onto onej form and then copying it over to new forms as those samples are collected and shipped out to the labsL-*~^ has been found to be extremely helpful, especially for people who are new to EPA paperwork, or

have been away from it for a while.t

*- If you begin to fill out the paperwork ahead of time, and you feel at all uncomfortable, please ask fora refresher training session. It doesn't take that long, and it will be a great help to you, so please take

i advantage of it. Even people who have done this before need to be refreshed from time to time. It is*~ easy to make a simple mistake, so if you are unsure of what is supposed to be done, please ask for

help.i

The easiest way we have found to fill out the paperwork before the sampling event is by placing thei corresponding tags and sticky labels in envelopes by location identifier. This will allow you to justj grab the envelope for the specific location being sampled at that time. You can fill in just about*"* everything on the paperwork. On the enclosed checklists for each form of paperwork, it notes what, can and can't be filled out in advance. This is a huge time saver if all is filled out and correct before[_ you go into the field. When filling out the paperwork ahead of time, make sure you also write up the

information for all QC samples (MS/MSD, Field Blanks, Trip Blanks, etc.). The sample manager canj assist you on preparing the paperwork ahead of time to make sure you are comfortable with this^_ procedure for future sample activities.

IL

Frequent Paperwork ProblemsThings To Avoid Doing

Dissolved Metals analysis didn't get a separate CLP sample number from that of theTotal Metals.

/Whenever you take a total and dissolved metals sample, they MUST get separate CLPSample Numbers. If they don't you will be writing a memo-to-file soon there after.

Sampler didn't call SMO with shipping information or didn't call SMO before 3:00pmon Friday for Saturday deliveries.

Every night samples are shipped we need to call SMO with the shipping information.SMO needs to know about Saturday deliveries before 3:00pm so they can make suresomeone is at the lab to receive the samples.

Tags incorrectly noted on the Chain of Custody form.

You need to be very careful when writing down these numbers. It is easy to transposenumbers or place them in the wrong box. This is a much to common problem thatneeds to be reversed, and that will be done only by being careful.

MS/MSD samples not given the same CLP sample number.

When ever you collect a sample and an MS/MSD, all volumes need to get the sameCLP sample number. Example: You collect the sample, the MS and the MSD, this istriple the volume of normal. You will assign the same CLP sample number to all 3sets of samples. The reason, they are not separate samples, they are one in the samefor the lab to be able to perform QC on them.

Sample description for trip blanks and field blanks not noted as LEACHATES,equipment blanks not noted as RINSATES.

EPA protocol calls for us to assign the description (Box 7 for the Organic andInorganic paperwork, Box 6 for the SAS paperwork) for the Trip Blanks and FieldBlanks as Leachates, while Equipment Blanks are called Rinsates.

Sample Paperwork ChecklistInorganic Traffic Report/Chain of Custody

Fill out forms with available information:

B __ Case No. (RAS NojA __ Project Code (W.A. No.), Account Code. (You can get these from the sample

manager, David Clark/WDC)A __ Region No. (Ill), Sampling Co. (CH2M HILL), Sampler Name and SignatureC __ Date Shipped, Carrier (Fed Ex), Airbill No.A __ Site Name, City, State, Site Spill ID (last 2 digits of account code)A __ Type of Activity (We will fill in: Lead: SF=Superfund or PRP Remedial: RIFS,

RD, etc. depending on the site)B __ Lab Shipped to Address and "Attention-Sample Custodian" - no phone number in this

box.A __ CLP Sample No. (sticky labels) from bottles. Make sure you use the Inorganic Traffic

Report (ITR) labejs. Note that filtered and unfiltered samples get separate CLP samplenumbers. Also put a "*" next to the filtered sample.

A __ A. Sample Description (from box 7) - Note that Trip Blanks and Field Blanks areLEACHATES and Equipment Blanks are RINSATES

A __ B. Concentration ("low" is the majority of our sampling concentrations, refer to the siteSAP for special procedures in the event of medium and high concentration samples)

A __ C. Sample Type (composite or grab-fill in the one being used)A __ D. Preservative (from box 6) - See attached table for analyses and preservative

requirements.A __ E. RAS Analysis - "X" the proper box for the desired analysisA __ F. Tag No. on Forms (can use a range if more than 1 tag is being used, provided the

tags run consecutively. Example: 3-1263634 - 36)A __ G. Station Location (this is CH2M HILL's designated sample location identifier.

Example: GW-2, GW-2DUP)C __ H. Date and Time of Sample CollectionA __ I. Sampler InitialsA __ J. Corresponding CLP organic Sample No. (if we have organic sampling at same

location, put in the organic CLP sample no.)A __ K. Designated Field QC on Forms: Blanks MB"(field/trip/etc.)

| i Duplicate "DH

^ Not a QC Sample "-"l C __ Shipment for Case Complete? (If more sampling under this case, NO - if samplingjj totally complete, YES)

C __ Page 1 of_?I A __ Sample Used for Spike and/or Duplicate (when we have an MS/MSD we must put injj the CLP Sample No. of that sample in this box. This box should only be used for

MS/MSD's, NOT field duplicates.)C __ Additional Sampler Signatures (Just another place for more samplers to sign)C __ Chain of Custody Seal Number (We don't have seal numbers in Region III, what we

will use this box for is the filtered metals. When we do filter metals put the statement"* DIGESTION REQUIRED" in this box. If not filtered just write in "N/A"

C __ Relinquished Signature, Date and Time

LLLLLL-IJL

LLL A = Can be filled out before the sampling event.

B = If the lab assignment comes through from CRL early you will be able to fill this in before thesampling event.C = Will be filled out in the field during the sampling event.

^^ l~ P" /V United States Environmental Protection Agency iHOrQdnlC TfflfllC RGDOft^^^K^f *^^ \^^f f \ Contract Laboraiory PiDaram SAfnple Manaoefnent Office n ***- — *M ^.4 ^*. .A*_ _i.. n_ ^_ .,-•^ ^ 1 p^ /— \ PO Box 81 8 Alexandria. VA 22313 <fe 1x113111 OI UUStOdV HGCOra•me 1— I / \ 703-557-2490 FTS 557-2490 (For Inoraanic CLP AnalvsJsl

1. Project Code /\ccountCode

Regional Information

Non-Superfund Program

Site Name

City, State

CLPSampleNumbers

(fromlabels)

AEnter

#fromBox?

Shipment for Casecomplete? ( Y/N)

Site Spill ID

BCone.LowMedHigh

Page

CSampleType:CornpVGrab.

2. Region No. Sampling Co.

Sampler (Name)

Sampler Signature

aii!t

D

-Ty3fW5T:ED

Preser-vativefromBox 6

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4. Date Shipped Carrier

Airbill Number

5. Ship To

ATTN:F

Regional SpecificTracking Numberor Tag Numbers

Sample used for a spike and/or duplicate

QStation

LocationNumber

HMo/Day/

Year/TimeSample

Collection

SAS No. Case No(If appScabte)

6. Preser-vative(Enter In

Column D)1.HCI2.HNO33. NaOH4.H9SO45. K|CRoO76. Ice only7. Other

preserved

1SamplerInitials

Additional Sampler Signatures

JCorresp.CLP dm.Samp. No.

7. SampleDescription(Enterin Column A)1. Surf ace Water2. Ground Water3. Leachate4. Rlnsate5. Soil/Sediment6. Oil (High only)7. Waste (High only)8. Other

(Specify)

KEnter Appropriate QuaMerfor Designated Field QC

BoBlanM S-SpltoD-pwIloate

PE • Pertonn. Eval.— -Not a QC Sample

Chain of Custody Seal Number

CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD

i

Relinquished by: (Signature)



EPA Form 1110-1 (Rev. 5-tl) Replace*DISTRIBUTION:

•en-f nCotf "nh-9"" ~>Cnnv fnrn*I!im to &MU

Date/

Date/

Date

EPA Form (

py | ' >

Time

Time

Time

Received by: (Signature)


Received for Laboratory by:(Signature)

2075-6), pravloua edition wp>* -*• may be ue»d

- L*[ ' ylorj ' lo R^ YeH^ ' ib j



Date 'Time

Date

Date/

Time

Time



Remarks Is custody seal intact? Y/N/none

Split Samples Q Accepted (Signature)^" | /1 J npHhiedf * __L _t ^^^

I Sample Paperwork Checklist - SAS Packing List/Chain of CustodyhM

Fill out forms with available information:

*- B __ SAS No.A __ Project Code (W.A. No.), Account Code. (You can get these from the sample

| manager, David Clark/WDC)>L- A __ Region No. (Ill), Sampling Co. (CH2M HILL), Sampler Name and Signature

C __ Date Shipped, Carrier (Fed Ex), Airbill No.I A __ Site Name, City, State, Site Spill ID (last 2 digits of the account code)u A __ Type of Activity (We will fill in: Lead: SF=Superfund or PRP Remedial: RIFS,

RD, etc. depending on the site)i B __ Lab Shipped to Address and "Attention-Sample Custodian" - no phone number in this

box, A __ Sample Numbers (SAS numbers on sticky labels). Make sure you use the SAS labels.i A __ A. Matrix (from box 6) - Note that Trip Blanks and Field Blanks are LEACHATES^ and Equipment Blanks are RINSATES, v A __ B. Concentration ("low" is the majority of our sample concentrations - Refer to the siteL—^ SAP for special conditions in the event of medium or high concentration samples)

A __ C. Preservative (from box 7) - See attached list for analyses and preservativej requirementsL, A __ D. Analysis (write out the name. Example: SULFIDE)

A __ E. Tag No. on Forms (can use a range if more than 1 tag is being used, provided the^ tags run consecutively. Example: 3-1263634 - 36)U, A __ F. Station Location Identifier (this is CH2M HILL's designated sample station location.

Example: GW-2, GW-2DUP, etc.)I C __ G. Date and Time of Sample CollectionL A __ H. Sampler Initials

A __ I. Designated Field QC on Forms: Blanks MB"(field/trip/etc)Duplicate "D"Not a QC Sample "-"

C __ Shipment for SAS Complete? (If more sampling under this case, NO - if samplingtotally complete, YES)

C __ Page lof _?A __ Sample Used for Spike and/or Duplicate (when we have a MS/MSD we must put in the

i CLP sample number of that sample in this box. This box should only be used for*- MS/MSD's, NOT field duplicates.)

C __ Additional Sampler Signatures (Just another place for more samplers to sign)i A __ Chain of Custody Seal Number (We don't have seal numbers in Region III, put "N/A"

in this box)C __ Relinquished Signature, Date and Time

L A = Can be filled out before the sampling event.i B = If the lab assignment comes through from CRL early you will be able to fill this in before the[_ sampling event.

C = Will be filled out in the field during the sampling event.

L

<ftfc |^~ ^^ A United States Environmental Protection AgencyfcJMF^ 1 — i J j \ Contract Laboratory Program Sample Management Otlicem S 1 r^ r^. PO Box 818 Alexandria. VA 22313^t^ •—— \ i \ 703-557 2490 FTS 557-2490

1 . Project Code 1 Account Code

Regional Information

Non-Superi und Program

Site Name

City, State Site Spill ID

SampleNumbers

1.2

3

4.

5.

6

7.

6.

9

10.

Shipment for SAScomplete? ( Y/N)

AMatrixEnterfromBox 6

BConeLowMedHigh

Page 1 of _

2. Region Nc

Sampler

Special Analytical ServicePacking List/Chain of Custody

. Sampling Co.

(Name)

Sampler Signature

3.Ty

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Df ActiviPw-

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PASSI181

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ativeUsedfromBox 7

.

Sample

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4. Date Shipped

Airbill Number

5. Ship To

DAnalysis

Used for Spike and/or Duplicate

Carrier

ERegional SpecificTracking Numberor Tag Number

SAS No.

6. Sample 7. PreservativeDescription (Enter in Column C)(Enterin Column A)

1 . Surface Water 1 . HCI2. Ground Water 2. HNO33. Leachate 3. NAHSO44. Rinsate 4. HoSO45. Soil/Sediment 5. NAOH6. Oil 6. Other (SAS)7. Waste (Specify)8. Other 7. Ice only

(Specify) N. Not preserved

FStationLocationIdentifier

Additional Sampler Signatures

GMo/Day/

Year/TimeSample

Collection

HSamplerInitials

IDesignatedField QC

Chain of Custody Seal Number

CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORDRelinquished by: (Signature)



Date/

Date

Date

. _

Time

Time

Time



Received for Laboratory by:(Signature)

EPAForm: 9110-3(7/91) (

Ot lUTKl [ J J, . , , „ * I I I



Date Time

Date

Date

Time

Time



Remarks Is custody seal intact? Y/N/none

Split Samples f~]Acc&''''J (Signature)

I I jDel I I t L I I

Sample Paperwork Checklist - Sample Tags

These can be filled out before the sampling event takes place. Fill in everything but the date andtime, but just remember to fill these two things in before shipping off the samples.

__ Project Code (W.A. Number)__ Station Location (This is the CLP Sample Number from the sticky labels)__ Date of Sample Collection__ Time of Sample Collection__ Sample Type (Composite/Grab, "X" the proper box for the sample type)__ Station Location (this is CH2M HILL's designated sample location identifier)__ Sampler Signature__ Preservative ("X" yes or no)__ Analyses (put an "X" in the proper box of the analyses to be performed or write

in the analyses name in the last box if not on the list)__ Remarks (put the RAS or SAS Case Number and the preservative name here.

Example: HNO3, HC1, etc.) Also, if the sample is filtered note it in this box.

L

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ANALYSES

BOD AnionsSolidS (TSS) (TDS) {SS>

COD, TOC. NutrientsPhenolicsMercuryMetalsCyanideOil and GreaseOr games GC/MSPriority PollutantsVolatile OrganicsPesticidesMutagenicityBacteriology

Remarks:

_ Taa No. Lab Sample No.

3-J§33650

L

U

j ''-*— ^

Sample Paperwork Checklist - Shipping Logs

These are filled out after you have returned to the office after the sampling event is totally complete.Each RAS or SAS Case Number needs to have a separate shipping log created.

__ Page 1 of ___ Project Site Name__ EPA Project Officer (RPM)__ RAS No. or SAS No.__ Project Site Leader (Site Manager)__ Site Sample Coordinator (David Clark)__ Phone Numbers for above individuals__ SAS Request Details - if applicable

• Write analyses type (Example: SULFIDE)• Preservation - Write in name of the one used (Example: HNO3,

HC1, etc.) or a "-" if none.• If this is a RAS shipping log, put a large "X" in this box.

__ QC Sample Information (In this column denote all QC information. Example:Duplicate, Field Blank, Trip Blank, MS/MSD)

__ Concentration__ Sample Phase (GW, SW, Soil, Sludge, Sediment)__ Type of Request (ORG=Organic, INOR= Inorganic, or SAS)__ EPA Sample No. (CLP Sample Numbers from sticky labels)

RAS:__ Lab Name (Most labs have abbreviations. If you don't have it ask the sample

manager, David Clark/WDC)__ Date Shipped (not the date sampled, date shipped")__ Data Received ("X" out items NOT requested)__ Put a large "X" through the SAS columns

SAS:__ Lab Name (Most labs have abbreviations. If you don't have it ask the sample

manager, David Clark/WDC)__ SAS Request Itemized (Write in "Sec (10)"; This refers to the above section

where it gives the analyses and preservative)! __ Date Shipped (not the date sampled, date shipped)

_ _ Put a large "X" through the RAS columns

LLLLLL

* Nothing is filled in for Data Received. This is for CRL.__ Final Sampling (Located at the bottom of the page. Most likely will be "yes1

since shipping logs will be filled out after the sampling event)__ Final Shipping Date

PAfiK OF ERA SAMPLE SHIPPING LOG I(O (REQUIRED FOR ALL SAMPLES SENT THROUGH THE CONTRACT LAB. PROGRAM }PROJECT SITE NAME : tEPA PRO). OFFICER:RASNO.PROJECT SITE UA1 *R:

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PROJECT SAMPLE OXWWNMOR:

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SAS REOUE9T (OeTAILS UQUIRtQ)(10)

LA*NAME

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I Sample Paperwork Checklist - Miscellaneous

^ __ If the shipment of samples is delayed or canceled, call the sample manager,David Clark/WDC at 703/471-6405 (ext. 4305). Please give a reason for the

I delay/cancellation. CRL always needs a reason for delays/cancellations."- " __ Did you double check SAS/RAS Numbers on the tags, labels and forms?

__ Did you write out complete sample numbers on each tag? Did you useI . preprinted sticky labels?

__ Did you assign the same CLP Sample No. to all volumes of any MS/MSDs?, __ Did you check tags, bottles, and forms for matching times and dates of samplej collection?w __ Did you neatly cross-out any changes with one line, initial and date the change?, WHITE-OUT IS PROHIBITED!^ __ Did you put the airbill number on the chain of custody forms?

__ Are the lab copies of the forms, the last 2 sheets of the paperwork, protected int ' the cooler, taped to the cooler lid? The sample shipping log does not go in the

cooler.__ Is the ice packed in plastic bags to minimize leakage during shipping?__ Are the tags securely attached to each sample bottle?__ Is each container sealed in a plastic bag (when appropriate)?__ Did you sign the "Relinquished by" box and fill in the date and time boxes?__ Are the chain-of-custody seals taped on cooler and secured with clear tape over

them to prevent accidental breakage of the seals?__ Is the CH2M HILL return address written on the front outside comer of the

cooler? If not, write it on there so the cooler will make its way back to CH2MHILL.

__ Did you write "Attention-Sample Custodian" on the Lab Address?__ Are all samples being shipped PRIORITY OVERNIGHT? - No GSA airbills,

use CH2M HILL airbills (bulk volume discount). Reason, GSA not guaranteedto get there in the AM the following day.

__ If Saturday delivery is required, the Federal Express form MUST be checkedfor Saturday delivery.

* Do not call labs or send them the sample shipping logI __ Call EPA Sample Management Office' (SMO) with complete sample

information. Many times you will reach an answering machine, you may leavethe complete shipping information in a message. This is the only thing we talkto SMO about. All other questions should go to the sample manager, DavidClark/WDC:

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LL SAS Samples: Heather Kaese 703/519-1413

RAS Samples: Jane von Hofen 703/519-1353

See the next page for the shipping information we are required to inform SMO about.

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Sample Paperwork Checklist - Miscellaneous Continued

Information Needed:• Your Name• Sample Company (CH2M HILL)• Region (III)• Contact Phone Number (your office)• Case/SAS Number• Date Shipped• Number of samples by concentration and matrix• Carrier (Fed Ex) and Airbill Number• Next planned shipment• Friday shipments for Saturday delivery MUST be

called in to SMO by 3:00pm.• CRL does not accept shipments on Saturday unless

authorized in advanced.

Things to do back at the office after the sampling event:__ Check over your paperwork to look for errors. It is better if CH2M HILL

discovers them and corrects them before EPA comments on them. If you dofind an error a memo-to-file needs to be written; this is discussed later.

__ Fill out the shipping log. These forms need to be submitted before anyanalytical packages are received by CRL.

__ Mail "REGION" copy of paperwork to:

Annette LageEPA Central Regional Laboratory (CRL)839 Bestgate RoadAnnapolis, MD 21401

This will be the white, green, or blue form as indicated on the bottom ofthe forms. Include the sample shipping log to CRL. Make sure youkeep a copy of both the shipping log and chain of custody, and send acopy to the sample manager. David Clark/WDC for the site sample files.

__ Mail "SMO" copy of the paperwork to:RAS - Jane von HofenEPA Sample Management Office (SMO)P.O. Box 818Alexandria, VA 22313

SAS - Heather KaeseEPA Sample Management Office (SMO)P.O. Box 818Alexandria, VA 22313

This will be the yellow or pink form as indicated on the bottom of theforms. SMO DOES NOT get a coy of the shipping log.

L Sample Paperwork Checklist - Memo-to-File

In the event you have made a mistake and you are told you need to do a memo-to-file or you havei discovered an error that requires a memo-to-file, there are some requirements as to the content of thatL- memo. This memo needs to be written and submitted IMMEDIATELY. The following is a list of

those items that are required to be in that memo so they will be able to easily identify that samplej activity:L_

__ Case(RAS)/SAS Numberi __ Overnight Carrier/Airbill Number*" __ Date of Shipment

__ Chain-of-Custody Document Number1; __ Sample Numbers

__ Tag Numbersi __ Sampling DatesI __ Analysis

__ Correction of the Error__ Your Signature

* DON'T PUT THE SITE NAME IN THE MEMO-TO-FILE UNLESS THELAB WAS CRL.

Once all this is included in the memo-to-file it needs to be distributed to certain individuals:

__ Custodian of Samples at the Laboratory (they get the original signed copy)__ EPA RPM for the specific site__ Annette Lage/RSCC/CRL__ SMO RAS or SAS Coordinator (depending on lab assignment)

SAS: Heather Kaese RAS: Jane von Hofen__ CH2M HILL'S Sample Manager, David Clark/WDC (for the site sample files)

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BOTTLE TYPE, PRESERVATIVE AND HOLDING TIMES BY ANALYSIS

AqueousAnalysis Bottle Type Preservative Holding Time

Alkalinity 1 liter poly None 14 days

BNA/Semivolatiles 80oz amber None 7 days

Bromide (Br) 1 liter poly None 28 days

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 1 liter poly H2SO4 pH<2 28 days

Color 1 liter poly None 48 hoursiilliiHiiJl

Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) 1 liter poly H2SO4 pH<2 28 days

Fluoride (F) 1 liter poly None 28 days

Hexavalent Chromium (Cr+6) 1 liter poly None 24 hours

Metals 1 liter poly HN03 pH<2 6 months preserved

Nitrite (NO2) 1 liter poly None 48 hoursIllllPii

Oil and Grease (O&G) 1 liter poly H2S04 pH<2 28 days

Phenol 1 liter poly H2S04 pH<2 28 days

Silica (Si) 1 liter poly None 28 days

Sulfide 1 liter poly None 7 days

Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) 1 liter poly None 7 days

Total Organic Carbon (TOC) 1 liter poly H2SO4 pH<2 28 days

Total Solid (TS) 1 liter poly None 7 days

Turbidity 1 liter poly None 48 hours

HCL - Hydrochloric AcidNaOH - Sodium HydroxideHNO3 -NitricAcid

H2SO4 - Sulfuric Acid

This list does not contain all possible analyses or acceptable bottle types. It was compiled from atable in the "CRL Sample Submission Guidelines (9/18/90)." In the event a desired analysis is noton the list, call the sample manager to get the proper bottle type and preservative.

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BOTTLE TYPE, PRESERVATIVE AND HOLDING TIMES BY ANALYSIS

Soil/SedimentAnalysis

Alkalinity

BNA/Semivolatiles

Bromide (Br)

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

Color

Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC)

Ruorlde (F)

Hexavalent Chromium (Cr+6)

Metals

Nitrite (NO2)

Oil and Grease (O&G)

Phenol

Silica (Si)

Sulfide

Total Dissolved Solid (TDS)

Total Organic Carbon (TOC)ITotal Solid (TS)

Turbidity

Bottle Type

N/A

802 glass

N/A

8oz glass

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

8oz glass

N/A

8oz glass

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Preservative

N/A

None

N/A

None

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

None

N/A

N/A

None

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Holding Time

N/A

10 days

N/A

28 days

N/A

N/AjiililllllllllllilllN/A

N/A

6 months preserved

N/A

N/A

28 days

N/AIlltlllliliillllillllN/A

N/A

N/A

N/AliiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiN/A

This list does not contain all possible analyses or acceptable bottle types. It was compiled from atable in the *CRL Sample Submission Guidelines (9/18/90)." In the event a desired analysis is noton the list, call the sample manager to get the proper bottle type and preservative.

*~ SAP Revision No. 0June 15, 1993

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LPart 4

L Site Health and Safety Plan

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CH2M HILL HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN

This plan will be kept onsite during field activities and will be reviewed and updated as necessary. ThisHSP has been written with the intent of meeting federal hazardous waste regulations. This plan adopts, byreference, the standards of practice (SOP) contained in the CH2M HILL Waste Management andIndustrial Processes Discipline Health and Safety Manual, Volumes 1 and 2, and other applicable CH2MHILL SOPs as appropriate. In addition, this plan adopts procedures contained hi the work plan for theproject. The Site Safety Coordinator (SSQ is to be familiar with these SOPs and the work plan.

1.0 PROJECT INFORMATION AND DESCRIPTION

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CLIENT OR OWNER: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)PROJECT NO: WDC63184.FI.QSRegion in

PROJECT MANAGER: Douglas H. Bitterman

SITE NAME: New Castle Steel

SITE ADDRESS: New Castle, Delaware

DATE HEALTH AND SAFETY FLAN PREPARED: June 1993

DATE(S) OF INITIAL VISIT: May 7, 1993

DATE(S) OF SITE WORK: June to July 1993

OFFICE: WDC

1.1 SITE DESCRIPTION AND ACCESS

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The New Castle Steel site is a 3-acre disposal dump located at Ninth Street and Washington Avenue inNew Castle, Delaware (see Figure 1). The site is located across Ninth Street from the Deemer SteelCasting Company foundry buildings and offices. Deemer Steel Casting Company is the owner of the site.The site is west of the City's business district and approximately 2000 feet northwest of the DelawareRiver.

The site is accessible through unlocked gates at the rear of a small parking area on Ninth Street (seeFigure 2). The site topography is relatively flat.

The site is divided into two parts by a city drainage channel that flows towards the Delaware River (seeFigure 2). The southwestern part of the site occupies about 1.3 acres and is referred to as the inactivedisposal area. The northeastern portion of the site occupies about 1.75 acres, and is referred to as theactive disposal area. Marshy ground that supports grass and reed vegetation surrounds the disposal areaon three sides.

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i WDCHS5/070.51 Revised 8-1-91

1.2 SITE HISTORY AND CHRONOLOGY OF PREVIOUS ACTIONS

• Since Deemer Steel Casting Company began foundry operations in 1907, solid wastesgenerated by the plant have been piled and periodically spread over the surface of twodisposal areas located across the street. The waste consisted primarily of "black sand**,which is the non-reclaimable portion of sand molds used in steel casting. The black sandmay contain small amounts of bentonite or com flour used as "binders" to allow the moldsto be formed. In addition, small quantities of slag, coke from an old furnace operation, ironoxide scale from heat treatment, fine sand dust from the blasting room baghouse, and metalscrap were sent to the disposal areas and mixed with the black sand. Approximately 1800cubic yards (2430 tons) of black sand waste are believed to have been generated each year.

• An electric furnace was installed at the plant in 1956, and in May 1973 a collection systemand baghouse to collect furnace dust for pollution control was put into operation. About 9.6tons of electric furnace dust was generated per year. Between 1973 and 1980, this dust wasmixed with the black sand waste and spread over the disposal areas.

• The Delaware Regulations Governing Hazardous Waste were adopted in November 1980,which classified electric furnace dust and any mixture of this material with solid waste as aRCRA listed hazardous waste (waste number K061) due to the levels of lead, cadmium andchromium often found in these wastes. This category included "emission controldust/sludge from the production of steel in electric furnaces". EPA subsequently changedthe definition of K061 to include only "emission control dust from the primary productionof steel hi electric furnaces". As a result of this change, none of the wastes from theDeemer Steel plant would qualify as listed hazardous waste. The hazardous/nonhazardousstatus of the waste materials under RCRA regulations would be determined solely on thebasis of their characteristics.

• In December 1980, samples of the electric furnace dust were analyzed and found to be EPtoxic for lead, cadmium and chromium. Prior to receiving these results, Deemer Steelbegan recycling the electric furnace dust for metals recovery. Since that time, no electricfurnace dust was taken to the disposal areas.

• In March 1982, a site inspection was conducted for EPA hi conjunction with the DelawareDepartment of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC). Samples of wasteand surface water were collected and analyzed. A report of the field investigations wasprepared which included a toxicological assessment of probable impacts. The site wassubsequently placed on the CERCLA National Priorities List (NPL), which required furtherinvestigation and potential remedial action under Superfund.

• In June 1983, Deemer Steel contracted Earth Data Incorporated to prepare and implementplans for a hydrogeological investigation of the site. In December 1983, and agreementbetween DNREC and Deemer Steel established a three phase program of actions. Phase Iincluded the implementation of a hydrogeological study which was to include only theshallow saturated zone. Phase II included DNREC review of the report andrecommendations to either pursue monitoring and investigation of the deeper Potomacaquifer, or implement a landfill management program in Phase in.

WDCHS5A)70.51 Revised 8-1-91

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In June 1984, Earth Data Incorporated submitted a hydrogeological study report to EPA andDNREC for review. According to the report, the thickness of wastes deposited in thedisposal areas averaged approximately 10 feet. Wastes were placed over predominantlyunconsolidated marsh sediments, which are underlain by about 50 feet of low-permeabilityclays. The uppermost Potomac aquifer, which is an important drinking water aquifer, islocated about 70 fleet below the site.

Based on the results of the hydrogeological investigation, the presence of the confining claylayer, and laboratory analyses of the landfill wastes, the State of Delaware proposed onJanuary 22, 1985 that the New Castle Steel site be deleted from the NPL.

In 1986, Deemer Steel closed then* plant due to financial hardship.

In January 1987, additional waste, surface water, and sediment samples were collected byEPA's contractor NUS Corporation. Analytical data from the sampling was evaluated byEPA's contractor Versar, Inc. and used in the preparation of an Endangerment Assessment(EA) report. The EA characterized the magnitude and probability of actual or potentialharm to public health or the environment by threatened or actual releases of hazardoussubstances from the site. The EA process analyzed the expected environmental fate andtransport of indicator chemicals identified through contaminant screening, and estimatedpotential routes and extent of exposure.

Based on the evaluation of all available information and data concerning the New CastleSteel site, EPA determined hi March 1988 that no significant risks to human health and theenvironment existed, and issued a No Action ROD for the site. In March 1989, the site wasdeleted from the NPL.

1.3 NATURE AND EXTENT OF CONTAMINATION

Earth Data Inc. collected waste samples in May 1984 from six excavated pits across thesite. Samples were collected at three depths from within each pit, ranging from 0.5 to13.0 feet. Two composite samples were prepared, one each from the active and inactivedisposal areas, and analyzed using the_EP (Extraction Procedure) toxicity test. Theconcentrations of the eight metals used to define the characteristic of EP toxicity(arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver) were allbetween 2 and 3 orders of magnitude lower than established limits for EPA toxicity. Onthe basis of the analyses, it was concluded that the waste material in both disposal areaswas not EP toxic.

Additional waste sampling was conducted at the site by NUS Corporation in January1987. The results did not indicate any significant public health risks with respect toairborne lead exposure or ingestion exposure to toxic or carcinogenic metals.

WDCHS5/070.51 Revised 8-1-91

Groundwater samples collected by Earth Data Inc. in May 1984 from four monitoringwells at the site indicated that groundwater beneath the site met most drinking waterstandards except for moderately high levels of iron and manganese. Iron andmanganese, hi the concentrations detected at the site, are not of concern with regard totoxicity. The concentrations of other constituents, including lead, cadmium andchromium, were well below the levels established as Maximum Contaminant Levels(MCLs) under the Safe Drinking Water Act.

Earth Data Inc. collected surface water samples in 1984 from 2 locations in the citydrainage ditch. Lead was detected at concentrations above the US EPA Ambient WaterQuality Criteria (AWQC), while arsenic, chromium, and nickel were below all acute andchronic AWQC- Cadmium was below the acute and not significantly different than thechronic AWQC.

NUS Corporation collected 11 surface water samples (including 2 upstream backgroundsamples) at the site in January 1987. Three of the 9 downstream samples contained leadat concentrations exceeding the AWQC. Eight of the 9 samples exceeded the lowestchronic levels of lead for water of medium hardness. The upstream background samplesalso exceeded AWQC for lead.

Also in January 1987, 21 soil and sediment samples were collected from offsitelocations, including background locations not materially affected by the site, locationsnear the site, and locations topographically downgradient from the site. In severalinstances, background concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead and nickelexceeded downgradient concentrations, indicating that other source areas significantlycontributed to the concentrations detected.


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Base Map: USGS Wilmington South Quadrangle

Figure 1SITE LOCATION MAPNew Castle Steel Site gSCALE: 124,000

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(Upstream)

I IHOUSING

MW-1

EMPLOYEEPARKING

MW-2®

Soil Sample

Monitoring Well

Surface Water andSediment Sample

f

(Halfway to River)

HOUSING

Figure 2SITE MAP ANDPROPOSED SAMPLINGLOCATIONSNew Castle Steel Site

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2.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND TASKS TO BE PERFORMED UNDER THIS PLAN

2.1 PROJECT ORGANIZATION

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EPA Region in RPM: Lisa Marino

CH2M HILL Site Manager (SM): Doug Bitterman/WDCCH2M HILL Field Team Leader: Doug Bitterman/WDCCH2M HILL Health and Safety Plan Preparer: Doug Bitterman/WDCCH2M HILL Health and Safety Plan Approver: John Longo/NJOCH2M HILL Corporate Director, Health and Safety: Marry Mathamel/WDC

2.2 DESCRIPTION OF TASKS

* Groundwater sampling and water level measurement at four locations.* Soil sampling at four locations.* Surface water and sediment sampling at six locations.

The purpose of the sampling activities at the site is to gather data for use in the preparation of a 5-YearReview report which will evaluate the protectivcness of public health and the environment of the no actionremedial alternative which was previously selected at this site. For a more complete description of tasks,refer to the Field Sampling Plan (FSP).

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2.3 DESCRIPTION OF SUBCONTRACTORS

None anticipated.


3.0 HAZARD EVALUATION AND CONTROL

3.1 HEAT AND COLD STRESS (REFERENCE cram HILL SOP R&MI

3.1.1 GUIDELINES FOR WORKING IN TEMPERATURE EXTREMES WHILE WEARINGPERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

Temperature

< 32' For<55" F & raining

72' to 77- F

77" to 82* F

82' to 87" F

87* to 90* F

>90'F

Work Cycle

2hrs

2hn

2hrs

60min

30min

15 rain

Rest Cycle

15 min

5 min

5 min

15 min

15 min

15 min

Control Measures

Review cold stress in safety meeting. Rest in a warm area.Drink at least 8 ounces of warm non-caffeinated, non-alcoholic beverage at each rest break. Schedule a mid-daylunch break of at least 30 minutes in a warm area to beginnot later than 5 hours after startup.

Review heat stress in safety meeting. Take resting pulserate before beginning work. Drink 8 ounces of cool waterbefore beginning work, and 4 ounces at rest break. Haveice available.

As above, but seated rest break. Monitor pulse rate. (Seebelow.)

As above, but rest area to be shaded.

As above. Try to provide a shaded work area.

As above. Provide a shaded area with seats in the workarea for team members to use as needed. Try to reschedulework to avoid mid-day heat.

PULSE CRITERIA. Take resting radial (wrist) pute *t start of work day; record it Measure radial pulse for 30 seconds as restperiod begins. Pulse not to exceed 1 10 beats per minute (bpm), or 20 bpm above resting pulse. If pulse exceeds this criteria, reducework load and/or shorten the work cycle by one third, and observe for signs of heat stress. No team member is to return to work untilhis/her pulse has returned to < 110 bpm, or resting pulse +20 bpm.

3.1.2 SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT OF HEAT AND COLD STRESS

Heatstroke

Red, hot, dry skin; dizziness;confusion; rapid breathingand pulse; high bodytemperature.

Cool victim rapidly bysoaking in cool (not cold)water. Get medical attentionimmediately 1!

Heat Exhaustion

Pale, clammy, moistskin; profuse sweating;weakness; normaltemperature; headache;dizzy; vomiting.

Remove victim to a cool,air conditioned place.Loosen doming, place inhead low position. Havevictim drink cool (notcold) water.

Frostbite

Blanched, white, waxyskin, but tissue resilient;tissue cold and pale.

Remove victim to a warmplace. Rewarm areaquickly in warm (not hot)water. Have victim drinkwarm fluids-not coffee oralcohol. Do not break anyblisters. Elevate dieinjured area and getmedical attention.

Hypothermia

Shivering, apathy, sleepi-ness; rapid drop in bodytemperature; glassy stare;s l o w p u l s e ; s lowrespiration.

Remove victim to a warmplace. Have victim drinkwarm fluids-not coffee oralcohol. Get medicalattention,

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3.2 PHYSICAL (SAFETY) HAZARDS AND CONTROLS (REFERENCE CIBM mix SOP IB«)

HazardFlying debris/objectsNoise > 85 dBA

Steep terrain/unstable surface

Build-up of explosive gases

Build-up of static electricity

Gas cylinders

High pressure hose rupture

Electrical shock

Suspended loads

Moving vehicles

Overhead electrical wires

Buried utilities, drums, tanks, and soforth.Slip, trip, fall hazards due to muddywork areas

Back injury

Confined space entry

Trenches/excavations

Protruding objects

Engineering or Administrative Controls

Provide shielding and PPE.Noise protection and monitoring required.

Brace and shore equipment.

Provide 20 Ib A.B.C fire extinguisher and ventilation.

No spark sources within 50 feet of an excavation, heavyequipment, or UST removal. Ground as appropriate.Make certain gas cylinders are properly anchored andchained. Keep cylinders away from ignition sources.

Check to see that fitting and pressurized lines are in goodrepair before using.

Make certain third wire is properly grounded. Do not tamperwith electrical wiring unless qualified to do so.

Work not permitted under suspended loads.Back-up alarm required for heavy equipment. Observerremains in contact with operator and signals safe back-up.Personnel to remain outside of turning radius.

Heavy equipment (e.g. drill rig) to remain at least 15 feetfrom overhead powerline for powerlines of 50 kV or less.For each Kv > 50 increase distance 1/2 foot.

Locate buried utilities, drums, tanks, etc. prior to digging ordrilling and mark location.

Use wood pallets or similar devices in muddy work areas.

Use proper lifting techniques, or provide mechanical liftingaids.

Permit and safety plan required (reference CH2M HILL SOPHS-17).

Make certain trench meets OSHA standard before entering.All excavations > 5 feet deep must be sloped or shored.Excavations > 4 feet deep must have a ladder every 25 feet.If not entering trench, remain 2 feet from edge of trench atall times.Flag visible objects.


3.3 PROCEDURES TO LOCATE BURIED UTILITIES

3.4 BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS AND CONTROLS

Hazards

Snakes

Location and Control MeasuresPersonnel are required to wear long pants and steeltoed, steel shank boots. Observe the area forsnakes.

3.5 TICK BITES, LYME DISEASE, AND ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER (RMSF)

Check often for tick bites. If bitten, carefully remove tick with tweezers, making certain to removepincers, being careful not to crush the tick. If possible, place the tick in a plastic bag or suitable containerfor later identification. After removing the tick, wash your hands. Disinfect area, and dress. If the tickresists or cannot be completely removed, seek medical attention. Notify Human Resources Departmentwithin 24 hours.

Look for symptoms of lyme disease or RMSF. Lyme: rash that looks like a "bulls-eye", with small welt incenter, several days to weeks after tick bite. RMSF: Rash comprising red spots under skin, 3 to 10 daysafter tick bite. For both, chills, fever, headache, fatigue, stiff neck, bone pain. If symptoms appear, seekmedical attention.

3.6 RADIOLOGICAL HAZARDS AND CONTROLS

Refer to the CH2M HILL Waste Management and Industrial Processes Discipline Health and SafetyManual, Volume 2 for standards of practice for operating in contaminated areas.

Hazards

None anticipated

Controls

CH2M HILL personnel who have been issued TLDbadges will wear them.

3.7 HAZARDS POSED BY CHEMICALS BROUGHT ONSITE

Refer to CH2M HILL Hazard Communication Program Manual which is available from the CorporateHuman Resources Department in Denver. The Project Manager is to request Material Safety Data Sheets(MSDSs) from the client, or contractors and subcontractors for chemicals that CH2M HILL employeesare potentially exposed to. The MSDSs for the substances listed below can be found in Attachment 2 ofthis document.

ChemicalAlconoxHexaneMethanolNitric AcidSodium hydroxide (ION)Sulfuric AcidpH 4 buffer solutionpH 7 buffer solutionoH 10 buffer solution

Location

Decontamination areaDecontamination areaDecontamination areaSample preservativeSample preservativeSample preservativeCalibration standardCalibration standardCalibration standard

WDCHS5/070.5110

Revised 8-1-91

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r3.8 KNOWN CONTAMINANTS OF CONCERN

3.8.1 INTRODUCTION

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The following table (Section 3.8.2) provides pertinent information about the compounds that have beendetected onsite.

• The concentrations listed below are the maximum levels detected in various media. Asnew samples are collected, the concentrations listed hi this table will be updated.

• The permissible exposure limit (PEL), is an 8-hour time weighted average unlessotherwise noted.

• The immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) level is the maximumconcentration from which escape is possible within 30 minutes without a respirator andwithout experiencing any escape-impairing or irreversible health effects.

• Hie symptoms listed in Section 3.8.2 are those commonly experienced when an over-exposure has occurred. If these or any other symptoms are observed, personnel shouldimmediately leave the area and inform the SSC.

• The photoionization potential (PIP) is an important factor in determining what airmonitoring equipment can detect the compound. The PIP must be lower than the lampvoltage to be detected by a photoionization detector.

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11WDCHS5/070.51 Revised 8-1-91

3.8.2 KNOWN CONTAMINANTS OF CONCERN

Contaminant

Arsenic

Cadmium (Dust) (as Cr VI)

Chromium

Lead

Nickel (as soluble Ni) ,

MaximumConcentration

GW: 0.001 mg/1SW: 38 pg/lS: 7.2 mg/kgSED: 42 mg/kg

GW: 0.001 mg/1SW: 2.5 /tg/1S: 13 mg/kgSED: 7 mg/kg

GW: 0.005 mg/1SW: 102 pg/1S: 93 mg/kgSED: 90 mg/kg

GW: 0.028 mg/1SW: 660 jig/1S: 317 mg/kgSED: 3,260 mg/kg

GW: Not sampledSW: 62 /tg/1S: 76.5 mg/kgSED: 140 mg/kg

PEL

0.01 mg/m3

0.2 mg/m1

0.1 mg/m1

0.05 mg/m'

0.1 mg/m3

IDLH

Ca (100 mg/m3)

Ca (50 mg/m1)

NE

700 mg/m3

Ca(NE)

Symptoms and Effects of Exposure

Ulceration of nasal septum, dermatitis, GIdisturbances, respiratory irritation

Pulmonary edema, coughing, chesttightness, headache, chills, muscle aches,nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Histologk fibrosis of lungs

Weakness, lassitude, racial pallor,abdominal pain, constipation

Headache, vertigo, nausea, vomiting,coughing, weakness

PIP

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

PEL Permissible exposure limit (8-hour time weighted average) (OSHA) SW Surface waterIDLH Immediate dangerous to life and health S SoilPIP Photoronization potential SED SedimentNL No level found in literature Ci CarcinogenicNE None established mg/m3 millignun per cubic meterNA Not applicable mg/1 milligram per literGW Groundwater mg/kg milligram per kilogram dry weight

/tg/1 microgram per liter

WDCHS5/071.51

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3.9 POTENTIAL ROUTES OF EXPOSURE

DERMAL: Dermal coidact wtit aH contaminants is apotential route of exposure. This route of exposure winbe controlled through the use of personal protectiveequipment (PPE).

INHALATION: hhaJationof contaminated airbornedust or volatile vapors is a potential mote ofexposure. Good work practices, engineering controls,and air monitoring win be used to help control thisroute of exposure.

OTHER: Incidental ingestion can occur if personnel do notwash their hands/face prior to eating, drinking, or smoking.


4.0 PERSONNEL

4.1 CH2M HILL EMPLOYEES (REFERENCE CHZM HILL SOP HS-M AND HS-OD

Employees listed below are enrolled in the CH2M HILL chemical protection program (CPP) and meet themedical surveillance, 40-hour initial training, 3-day on-the-job experience, and 8-hour annual refreshertraining requirements of OSHA 29CFR1910.120. Employees designated "SSC" have received 8 hours ofsupervisor and 8 hours of instrument training and can serve as site safety coordinator (SSC) for the level ofprotection indicated. There must be one SSC present during any task performed in exclusion ordecontamination zones with the potential for exposure to safety and health hazards. Employees designated"FA-CPR" are currently certified by the American Red Cross, or equivalent, in first aid and CPR, Theremust be one FA-CPR designated employee present during any task performed in exclusion ordecontamination zones with the potential for exposure to safety and health hazards. The "buddy system"requirements of OSHA 29CFR1910.120 are to be met at all times.

Employee Name

Doug Bitterman

Don Martinson

Mike Showalter

Darreo Braccia

Ishmad Wahdan

Office

WDC

WDC

WDC

WDC

WDC

Responsibility

Field Team Leader

Sampler

Sampler

Sampler

Sampler

SSC/FA-CPR

Level B SSC/FA-CPR

Level B SSC/FA-CPR

Level D SSC/FA

4.2 HEALTH AND SAFETY AND FIELD TEAM CHAIN OF COMMAND ANDPROCEDURES

4.2.1 CLIENT

EPA Region III: Lisa Marino Phone: 215/597-0985

4.2.2 CH2M HILL

Field Team Leader/SSC: Doug Bitterman

4.2.3 SUBCONTRACTOR

Not Applicable


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5.0 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)-INTRODUCTION

Personal protective equipment (PPE) ensembles are designed to protect workers from the potential onsitephysical and chemical hazards. They are based on the current knowledge of the site and may change asmore information becomes available. General descriptions of the EPA levels of protection are discussedhi Sections 5.1 through 5.4. The specific PPE requirements are listed by task hi Section 5.5. Levels ofPPE may be upgraded or downgradient per Sections 5.6 or 6.0. '

5.1 LEVEL D-GENERAL

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In general. Level D protection is used when low levels of dermal and respiratory protection are required.The following equipment is typically required:

CoverallsBootsHard hatsHearing protectionSafety glasses or gogglesGloves

Level D can be modified when a higher degree of dermal protection is required. The material that thecoveralls, boots, and gloves are constructed of is dependent on site contaminants.

5.2 LEVEL C—GENERAL

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Level C protection is used when a higher level of respiratory protection is required. Typically, Level Cprotection also has a higher degree of dermal protection .than does Level D. In general, the equipmentrequired for Level C is the same as that required for Level D except ah- purifying respirators (APRs) areused. APRs can only be used if the following conditions are met; the atmosphere contains 19.5 to 25.0percent oxygen, there is an approved cartridge for the chemicals that are present, personnel have medicalclearance to wear a respirator, personnel have been fit tested within the past year, and personnel do nothave beards.


5.3 LEVEL B-GENERAL

Level B protection is used when a higher degree of respiratory protection is required. Situations thatrequire this level of protection include: oxygen deficient atmospheres, atmospheres that have chemicalsfor which APRs are not approved, and atmospheres that exceed the limits of APRs. Typically, Level Bprotection provides higher dermal protection than Levels C and D. The equipment required for Level Bis similar to that required for Level D with the addition of air-supplied respirators. Prior to usingLevel B, personnel must have medical clearance to use a respirator, must have been fit tested within thepast year, and must not have a beard.


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5.5 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) SPECIFICATION (REFERENCE emu HILL SOP HSOT «j HSO>

Task

AH Tasks

NOT APPLICABLE

Level

D

C

Body

Cotton coverallsorimooatedTyvek.

Foot

Steel-toed, steel-shanked neoprcneboots or steel-toed, steel-shanked leatherboots withneoprene bootcovers.

Head1

Hanthat

Hardhat

Eye

Safety glasses.

Safety goggles orface shield ifsplash potential bpresent

Bud

Work gloves.

Inner nitrite orlatex gloves andouter 4-H, Silver-Shield, or Vhoogloves whentouching poten-tial contaminatedmedia.

Respirator

None required.

APR, full face, MSAUhtatwinorequivalent,cartridges: GMC-H

Note 1: The SSC shall specify hardhat areas.

5.6 REASONS TO UPGRADE OR DOWNGRADE LEVEL OF PROTECTION

Upgrade

• Request of individual performing task.• Change in work task that wffl increase contact or potential contact with hazardous

materials.- Occurrence or likely occurrence of gas or vapor emission.* Known or suspected presence of dermal hazards.* Instrument action levels (Section 6.0) exceeded.

Downgrade

• New information indicating that situation is less hazardous than originally thought• Change in site conditions mat decreases the hazard.• Change in work task that wfll reduce contact with hazardous materials.


6.0 AIR MONITORING EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATION (REIHUWCE OEM HILL SOP BMW

Instrument

Dust Monitor:Visual

Tasks

Soil sampling

Action Levels

No visible dust" Level D

Visible dust Stop work and re-evaluate. May requireLevel C.

Frequency

Record observations inlog book continuously.

Calibration

Not applicable

'Above background in breathing zone; sustained. Background to be detennined daily by SSC at a location that is upwind of the site.


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6.1 CALIBRATION SPECIFICATION

Instrument

N/A

Gas

N/A

Span

N/A

Reading

N/A

Method

N/A

6.2 AIR SAMPLING

Method and Description:

Only visual air monitoring will be conducted; no air sampling will be conducted.

Personnel:

N/A

Areas:

N/A

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Results to be Interpreted by:

N/A

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7.0 DECONTAMINATION SPECIFICATION (REFERENCE CHM mu, SOP HS-O)

Personnel Sample Equipment Heavy Equipment

Boot wash/rinse Wash/rinse equipment N/A

Glove wash/rinse Solvent rinse equipment

• Outer glove removal Solvent disposal method:Discharge on ground

Body suit removal

Inner glove removal

Hand wash/rinse

Face wash/rinse

• Shower ASAP

PPE disposal method:Disposal as regular trash

Water disposal method:Discharge on ground

7.1 DIAGRAM OF PERSONNEL DECONTAMINATION LINE

Refer to Figure 7-1.

8.0 SPILL CONTAINMENT PROCEDURES

N/A

9.0 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY

Confined space entry requires an additional health and safety plan and a permit. Refer to CH2M HILLSOP HS-17, contained in the Waste Management and Industrial Processes Discipline Health and SafetyManual, Volume 1. No confined space entries are planned during this investigation.

20WDCHS5/070.5I Revised 8-1-91

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WIND DIRECTION'

BOREHOLE

son. WASTECONTAINERS

\ SAMPLE PREP\TABLE\

INSERT ABROW

TRfPOD AND VISEFOR OPENING SPLITSPOONS

DECON FOR SPOONSANOSIEEVES

EXCLUSION AREA

SHAKER AND MUDROTARY WASTE

PLASTIC TO COVER SURFACE

A^MARtONG/ TAPE AND' SIGNS

TRASH rUNEO)CONTAINERS FOR PPE

CONTAMINATION /REDUCTION ZONE <CRZ) - -

FACEANDHAND WASH

HREEXTINQWSHEfiEYEWASHFIRST AOWT

AMD RINSEGLOVE WASH AND RINSEIF REUSING PPE

LEAN SUPPLIES

BREAK ARE A

O*———WATCH (OATORAOE) COOLERSAND CUPS

EMERGENCY VEHICLE

CONTAMINATIONREDUCTION ZONE (CRZJ

INSERT A

SAMPLE JAR DECON

SAMPLE PACK! NO AREA

6

NOTES:

PREP ABE A UPWIND, OPEN SPOONS. MONITOR.PHOTO AND LOG. PUT INTO SAMPLE JAR.

PERSONNEL TO USE CONTAMINATION REDUCTIOMCORRIDOR - BOOT WASH. FACELAND HAND WASHAS APPROPRIATE.

FACE AND HAND WASH WITH SPRAYERS, SOAP.AND DISPOSABLE TOWELS.

INSERT "A-WOULD ALLOW ONE PERSON TO REMAININ THE CONTAMWATON REDUCTION AREA TO LOG SAMPLES.COMPLETE SAMPLE PREP AND RETRIEVE MATERIALS FROMTHE OUEAN AREA, WHILE ONE PERSON REMAINS SUITED UP INMODIFIED LEVEL TO COLLECT SAMPLES,

V8WCLE WITH KEYS H IGNITION. LIST OF EMERGENCYRESPONSE PROCEDURES, ROUTE MAP TO EMERGENCY ROOM.AND EMERGENCY CONTACT NUMBERS.

RIQCmENTATIOM MAY VARY BASED UPON THE EXPECTEDHAZARDS. PERSONNEL AT IjOCATtONS WHERE HIGH LEVELSOF METHANE OR OTHER FLAMMABLE GASES ARE EXPECTEDSHOULD CONSDER PLACING KVffTION SOURCES SUCH AS THERIG ENGINES UPfftNOHlOM THE BOREHOLE.

POST ZONEfS) APPROPRIATELY, BASED ON POTENTIAL HAZARDS PRESENT.

THIS 13 AN EXAMPLE TO BE USED AS A GUIDE. AND MAY BEMQO«eO TO MEET VARYING SITE CONDITIONS FOR DRILLINGAN0OTHER TASKS.

Figure 7-1TYPICAL EXCLUSION ZONE

10.0 WORK PROCEDURES

10.1 WORK PRACTICES

No spark sources within exclusion or decontamination zones.Avoid visibly contaminated areas.No eating, drinking, or smoking in contaminated areas, or exclusion or decontamination zones.SSC to establish areas for eating, drinking, smoking.No contact lenses in exclusion or decontamination zones.,

F

No facial hair that would interfere with respirator fit if Level C or B is anticipated.Site work will be performed during daylight hours whenever possible. Any work conducted duringhours of darkness will require enough illumination intensity "to read a newspaper without difficulty."Each team member is responsible for recording the number of days onsite on their timesheets.

10.2 SITE CONTROL MEASURES

Site safety coordinator (SSC) to conduct site safety briefing (see below) before starting field activities,or as tasks and site conditions change.SSC records safety briefing attendance in logbook, and documents topics discussed.Post OSHA job site poster in a central and conspicuous location at the site.Determine wind direction.Establish work zones: support, decontamination, and exclusion zones, and delineate work zones withflagging or cones as appropriate. Support zone upwind of site.Establish decontamination procedures, including respirator decontamination procedures, and test.Utilize access control at the entry and exit from each work zone.Chemicals to be stored in proper containers.MSDSs are available for onsite chemicals employees exposed to.Establish onsite communications. These should consist of:- Line of sight/hand signals- Air horn- Two-way radio or cellular phone if availableEstablish emergency signals. For example:- Grasping throat with hand-EMERGENCY-HELP ME- Grasping buddy wrist-LEAVE AREA NOW- Thumbs up-OK, UNDERSTOOD- Two short blasts on air horn~ALL CLEAR- Continuous air horn»EMERGENCY»EVACUATEEstablish offsite communications.Establish "buddy" system.Establish procedures for disposal of material generated onsite.Initial air monitoring conducted by SSC in appropriate level of protection.SSC to conduct periodic inspections of work practices to determine effectiveness of this plan.Deficiencies to be noted, reported to DHSM or RHSM, and corrected.Site safety briefing topics: general discussion of health and safety plan; site specific hazards; locationof work zones; PPE requirements; equipment; special procedures; emergencies.


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11.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN (REFERENCE CHJM HILL SOP HS-I»

11.1 PRE-EMERGENCY PLANNING

The SSC performs the applicable pre-emcrgency planning tasks before starting field activities andcoordinates emergency response with the facility and local emergency service providers as appropriate.

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Locate nearest telephone to the site and inspect onsite communications.Locate chemical, safety, radiological, biological hazards.Confirm and post emergency telephone numbers and route to hospital.Post site map marked with location of emergency equipment and supplies.Review emergency response plan for applicability to any changed site conditions, alterations in onsiteoperations, or personnel availability.Evaluate capabilities of local response teams.Where appropriate and acceptable to the client, inform emergency room/ambulance service andemergency response teams of anticipated types of site emergencies.Designate one vehicle as the emergency vehicle; place hospital directions and map inside; keep keys inignition during field activities.Inventory and check site emergency equipment and supplies.Review emergency procedures for personnel injury, exposures, fires, explosions, chemical and vaporreleases with field personnel.Locate onsite emergency equipment and supplies of clean water.Verify local emergency contacts, hospital routes, evacuation routes, and assembly points.Drive route to hospital.Review names of onsite personnel trained in first aid and CPR.Review notification procedures for contacting CH2M HILL's medical consultant and team member'soccupational physician.Rehearse the emergency response plan once prior to site activities.Brief new workers on the emergency response plan.

11.2 EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES

The SSC marks the locations of emergency equipment on the site map and posts the map in the supponzone.

• 20 Ib ABC fire extinguisher• Industrial first aid kit

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11.3 EMERGENCY MEDICAL TREATMENT

The SSC will assume charge during a medical emergency until the ambulance arrives, or the injuredperson is admitted to the emergency room.Prevent further injury.Initiate first aid and CPR.Call the ambulance and hospital.Determine if decontamination will make injury worse. Yes-seek medical treatment immediately.Make certain that injured person is accompanied to emergency room.Notify the Project Manager of the injury.Notify the District or Regional Health and Safety Manager.Notify the injured person's human resources department.Prepare an incident report. Submit this to the Corporate Director Health and Safety (WDC) andCorporate Human Resources Department (DEN) within 48 hours.

11.4 EVACUATION

Evacuation routes will be designated by SSC prior to beginning of work.Onsite and offsite assembly points will be designated prior to beginning of work.Personnel will exit the exclusion zone and assemble at the onsite assembly point upon hearing theemergency signal for evacuation of the exclusion zone.Personnel will assemble at the offsite point upon hearing the emergency signal for a site evacuation.The SSC and a "buddy" will remain onsite after the site has been evacuated (if possible) to assist localresponders and advise them of the nature and location of the incident.SSC accounts for all personnel in the onsite assembly zone.A person designated by the SSC (prior to work) will account for personnel at the offsite assembly area.The SSC is to write up the incident as soon as possible after it occurs, and submit a report to theCorporate Director Health and Safety.

11.5 EVACUATION ROUTES AND ASSEMBLY POINTS

In the event of an emergency, personnel will evacuate the area using an upwind or cross-wind route andwill assemble in the parking area adjacent to Ninth Street., If the designated evacuation routes or assemblypoint is unsafe, the SSC will identify alternate routes and an alternate assembly point.

11.6 EVACUATION SIGNALS

Exclusion Zone/Site

Grab buddy's wrist—leave area now.Verbal communications—as indicated.

24WDCHS5/070.S1 Revised 8-1-91

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12.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE TELEPHONE NUMBERS

SITE ADDRESS: Ninth Street andWashington AvenueNew Castle, Delaware

Police:

Fire:

Ambulance:

Phone: None

Phone: 911

Phone: 911

Phone: 911

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Hospital:Address:

Christiana Hospital4755 Ogletown-Stanton RoadNewark, Delaware 19718

Phone: (302)733-1000

Route To Hospital: (Refer to map Page 26.)

L12.1 GOVERNMENT AGENCIES INVOLVED IN PROJECT

LFederal: EPA Region III

Lisa Marino

State: N/A

Phone:(215) 597-0985

Phone:

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Local: N/A Phone:

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LWDCHS5/070.51

25Revised 8-1-91

THIS PAGE RESERVED FOR MAP OF ROUTE TO HOSPITAL


13.0 EMERGENCY CONTACTS

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CH2M HILL Medical Consultant

Dr. Kenneth ChaseWashington Occupational Health Associates202/463-6698 (8 AM to 5 PM EST)202/463-6440 (after hours answering service;physician will return call within 30 minutes)

Corporate Director Health and Safety

Name: Marty Mathamel/WDCPhone: 703/471-1441

Health and Safety Manager (HSM)

Name: John Longo/NJOPhone: 201/316-9300, ext. 4543

Radiation Health Manager (RHM)

Name: George Stephens/OROPhone: 615/483-9032

Client

EPA Region inLisa Marino(215)597-0985

Corporate Human Resources Department

Name: Beth Brown/DENPhone: 303/771-0952

If an injury occurs, notify the injured person'spersonnel office as soon as possible after obtainingmedical attention for the injured. NotificationMUST be made within 24 hours of the injury.

Occupational Physician (Regional or Local)

Name: Dr. ChasePhone: (202) 463-6698

Site Safety Coordinator (SSC)

Name: Doug Bitterman/WDCPhone: (703) 471-1441, ext. 4315 (O)

(703) 591-6163 (H)

Regional Manager

Name: George Gunn/WDCPhone: (703)471-1441

Project Manager

Name: Doug Bitterman/WDCPhone: (703) 471-1441, ext. 4315

Regional Human Resources Department

Name: Cindy Bauder/WDCPhone: (703) 471-1441, ext. 4243


14.0 PLAN APPROVAL

This site safety plan has been written for use by CH2M HILL. CH2M HILL claims no responsibility forits use by others, unless specified and defined in project or contract documents. The plan is written forthe specific site conditions, purposes, dates, and personnel specified and must be amended if theseconditions change.

PLAN WRITTEN BY: Doug Bitterman/WDC DATE: June 1993

PLAN APPROVED BY: John Longo/NJO DATE: June 1993

14.1 PLAN AMENDMENTS

DATE: CHANGES MADE BY:

CHANGES TO PLAN:

APPROVED: DATE:

14.2 PLAN AMENDMENTS

DATE: CHANGES MADE BY:

CHANGES TO PLAN:

APPROVED: DATE:

15.0 ATTACHMENTS TO PLAN

Attachment 1: Employee signoff

Attachment 2: Applicable MSDSs

Note: Once approved, a copy of this planshould be forwarded to Marty Mathamel/WDC.

WDCHS5/070.5128

Revised 8-1-91

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ATTACHMENT I

EMPLOYEE SIGNOFF

The employees listed below have been provided a copy of this health and safety plan, have read and 1understood it, and agree to abide by its provisions. |

EMPLOYEE NAME EMPLOYEE SIGNATURE / DATE

_

WDCHS5/070.5iy29 Revised 8-1-91

Documents

,, NEW CASTLE STEEL 5-YEAR REVIEW | SAMPLING ...Koumudi A. Ketkar/QC Officer WDCR721/027.51/1 L SAP Revision No. 0 June 15, 1993 SAP CONTENTS Part 1 Introduction U-Part 2 Quality