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H263670Gbps-1.62
2
( )
Machine-to-machine (M2M)
-...
-: 3 (2013) 20 (2018)-: 2018900
3(Cisco, Zettabyte Era: Trends and Analysis )
(LTE)
UE: eNodeB (): MME: SGW: PGW: IP PCRF: QoS HSS:
4
external IP network
eNodeB
eNodeB
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)eUTRAN
UE (User Equipment)
SGW (Serving Gateway)
PGW (Packet Data Network Gateway)
HSS (Home Subscriber Server)
PCRF (Policy and Charging Resource Function)
MME (Mobility Management Entity)
(GTP) UE-eNodeBeNodeB-SGWSGW-PGW3
SGW-PGW- -
UE-eNodeBeNodeB-SGW
5
external IP network
eNodeB
eNodeB
eNodeB
SGW PGW
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
eUTRANeNodeB
per-UE bearers
M2M UEs
M2M
M2M-
M2M- 1- -
- -
- -
- M2M
6
Direct TunnelingGateway offloading- GWGW- - (PGW, GGSN)
LAN- - PasspointANDSF (Access Network Discovery and Selection Function)
-
-
- UE
7
M2M (1)
- UEeNodeB-SGW1SGW-PGW
- UE- MMESGWPGWUEIP
- (eNodeB)
8
external IP network
PGW
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
eUTRAN
M2M UEs
eNodeB
eNodeB
eNodeB
SGW
aggregated bearersper-UE bearerseNodeB
: 5
SGW
M2M (2)
UE- UEUE
- D2D (Device to Device) bluetoothLAN-
9
external IP network
PGW
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
eUTRAN
M2M UEs
eNodeB
eNodeB
eNodeB
eNodeB
SGW
aggregated bearers: 5
10
eNodeBUE MME HSS S-GW P-GW
RRC Connection Est.
Service req. + Bearer Response Req.
Identity, authentication, SMC Procs
E-RAB Setup Req. + NAS MsgsRRC Conn Reconfig
RRC Conn Reconfig Comp.E-RAB Setup Rsp.
Modify Bearer Req.
Modify Bearer Res.
Act Ded Bearer Ctxt Acc
Modify Bearer Req.
Modify Bearer Res.
Bearer Resource Cmd.
Create Bearer Req.
Bearer Resource Cmd.
Create Bearer Req.
Create Bearer Res. Create Bearer Res.
UEGW
UE-eNodeB-SGWGW 1
SGW
11
UE KeNodeBUE 1 MME HSS SGW PGW
RRC, Service Req.+Bearer Response Req., Authentication for UE 1
E-RAB Setup Req./Rsp., RRC Conn Reconfig CMD/Comp., Act Ded Bearer Ctxt ACC for UE 1
Modify Bearer Req.w/ grouping Cmd.
Modify Bearer Res.
Modify Bearer Req.w/ grouping Cmd.
Modify Bearer Res.
Bearer Resource Cmd.
Create Bearer Req.
Bearer Resource Cmd.
Create Bearer Req.
Create Bearer Res. Create Bearer Res.
RRC, Service Req.+Bearer Response Req., Authentication for UE K
E-RAB Setup Req./Rsp., RRC Conn Reconfig CMD/Comp., Act Ded Bearer Ctxt ACC for UE K
UEGW
UEUE-eNodeB-SGWGW
UE
UE1GW
-
M2M-M2M
-M/G/1/PS
-M2M
M2M--
12
(1):
--
13
eNodeB
SGW
=10
()
4,8,16,32,,1024
MMESGW
(2):
MME
14
()
4,8,16,32,,1024
MME
()
M2M-M2M
-MME-
-
- Fog computing/Edge computing
15
M2M- () : -- ()
-: ---
-M2M-
16