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VOLUME 269. NUMBER 2. MAY 1994 JPETAB 269 (2) 451-889 (1994) ISSN 0022-3565 The Journal of PHARMACOLOGY A Publication of The American Society for Pharmacology and Experiinen tal Therapeutics Founded by John J. Abel-1909 Edited for the Society by John A. Harvey Published by Williams & Wilkins

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Page 1: PHARMACOLOGYjpet.aspetjournals.org/content/jpet/269/2/local/front-matter.pdf · PHARMACOLOGY APublication ofThe American Society forPharmacology and Experiinen talTherapeutics Founded

VOLUME 269. NUMBER 2. MAY 1994

JPETAB 269 (2) 451-889 (1994)

ISSN 0022-3565

The Journal of

PHARMACOLOGY

A Publication of The American Society

for Pharmacology and Experiinen tal Therapeutics

Founded by John J. Abel-1909

Edited for the Society by John A. Harvey

Published by Williams & Wilkins

Page 2: PHARMACOLOGYjpet.aspetjournals.org/content/jpet/269/2/local/front-matter.pdf · PHARMACOLOGY APublication ofThe American Society forPharmacology and Experiinen talTherapeutics Founded

TREMOR MONITORalso Measures Ergometric Activity

#{149}Usescomputerized spectralanalysis for tremordetection

#{149}Measures ergometricactivity

#{149}Available for monitoring ofone to eight animals

RATS: TIDAL VOLUME!RESPIRATION FREQUENCY

ECONOMICAL EXERCISERwith Air-Puff Stimulus

#{149}Tidal volume#{149}Minute volume

#{149}Inspiration/expiration times#{149}Maximum expiratory flow

.� L -� #{149}Accurate measurements of

one to eight animals

EDUCATIONAL V02/VCO2ANIMAL METABOLIC SYSTEM

WATER MAZE SOFTWARE/#{149}S/ TR& 28c

#{149}New software for IBM-PCanalyzes all importantparameters of animalbehavior in water maze

#{149}Operates with theVideomex-V videotracking system

ECONOMICAL ACTIVITY METERSwith GLP Compliant Software

#{149}Separate ambulatory andnon-ambulatory activity

#{149}Can be grouped in largesystems

#{149}Use with standard moldedanimal cages

FIGURE 8 & RADIAL MAZES VIDEOMEX-0NEVideo Tracking PC Interface

END TIDAL CO2 METERfor Rats and Mice

I Intelligent object/animaltracker

I #{149}Masks out interfering objectscoordinate data isan external

�r for later analysisactivity software

available

#{149}Very low sample flow

(5 and 20 cc/mm)#{149}RS-232 output

#{149}Printer output

#{149}Up to 250 breaths/mm

HOTPLATE ANALGESIA METER

____________________ #{149}Stable and Uniformplatform temperature

#{149}Adjustable platformtemperature (40#{176}C- 80#{176}C)

#{149} #{149}Data acquisition by RS-232#{149}Direct connection to any

� Epson compatible printer

New Products 1994 New Products

LAB ANIMAL RESEARCH EQUIPMENT

#{149}Animal triggered air-puff

promotes exercise#{149}Adjustable tread speed and

grade

#{149}Available with four or eight

lanes

.Stainless Steel� construction#{149}Equipped with IRbeams#{149}‘Universal MazeMonitoring Software’collects, prints, andstores data

#{149}Provides gas composition

and flow information#{149}Dataacquisition by RS-232#{149}Available with four or eight

chambers for rats or mice

Columbus Instruments International Corporation

P0 Box 44049 Co1umbu�,0hio 43204 USAPH: (614) 276-0861 FAX: (614) 276-0529 Toll Free: 1-800-669-5011 TLX: 246514

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INFORMATION FOR SUBSCRIBERS

Renewals should be done promptlyto avoid a break in journal

THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPER-IMENTAL THERAPEUTICS (ISSN 0022-3565) is an offi-cia! publication of The American Society for Pharmacologyand Experimental Therapeutics and is published by Williams& Wilkins, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202-3993.Second class postage paid at Baltimore, MD and at additionalmailing offices. POSTMASTER Send address changes to THEJOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTALTHEAPEUTICS, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202-3993.

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AUTHOR INDEX

Agneter, E., 470

Aguayo, L. G., 503Akai, T., 457Akuzawa, S., 725

Alloatti, G., 766

Appleby, S. D., 541Avram, M. J., 609Baldwin, J. J., 541Baskin, E. P., 541Battaglia, G., 637Beare, C. M., 541

Bench, H. R., Jr., 717Bench, K. T., 717

Bidasee, K. R., 717B#{244}hm,M., 778

Bouzom, F., 515Bowden, G., 750

Branch, C. A., 674Breneisen, J. R., 596

Breugnot, C., 515Buckpitt, A., 881

Buckpitt, A. R., 867Burka, L. T., 581Burks, T. F., 750

Butcher, J. W., 541

Cabrera, T. M., 637Camussi, G., 766Caron, M. G., 743Carr, D. J. J., 693Carter, A. J., 573Chang, A., 867Chen, J., 854Chen, Q.-M., 709

Chichester, C., 881

Cho, M., 881Claremon, D. A., 541Clarke, G. A., 451

Combre, A., 787

Cordier, J., 646Cubeddu, L X., 470Cullinan, C. A., 750

Dafny, N., 750D’Alonzo, A. J., 536Danhof, M., 521Darbenzio, R. B., 536David, C., 684Davis, T. P., 555

Derewlany, L. 0., 756, 761

Dorsa, D. M., 806Duff, H., 477

Dzwonczyk, S., 536Egi, Y., 529Ellenberger, E. A., 601Ellinwood, E. H., Jr., 743Elliott, J. M., 541

Emmick, J. T., 717Endoh, M., 732Erdmann, E., 778

Fang, S.-N., 750Fischer, C., 792Fix, J. A., 813

Foultier, M.-T., 787

Fournier, A., 846France, C. P., 693Fritzsch, G., 684Gagnon, M. J., 596,601Gehret, J. R., 541Geiger, J. D., 709

Gerak, L. R., 693Ghanayem, B. I., 581

Gillespie, T. R., 596

Glavin, G. B., 709Glowinski, J., 646Graham, S. H., 854

Greven, J., 659Griffiths, N. M., 496

Gross, G. J., 451Grosaie, J., 503Grover, G. J., 536Gu, J. G., 709

Guillonneau, C., 515Hanson, G. It, 806

Hara, H., 6012Hara, S., 596Harada, Y., 6012

Hasegawa, T., 665Hashimoto, S., 482Hatzidimitriou, G., 792Heinrichs, S. C., 564Henthorn, T. K., 609

Herbert, J. M., 772

Hess, T. A., 536Hiramatsu, M., 665

Hirat, B. H., 496Hisaki, K., 529

Hochman, J. H., 813Hodges, B. L., 596,601Hoffmann, I. S., 470Hohage, H., 659Honda, K., 725Hoogerkamp, A., 521Howard, R L., 564Hruby, V. J., 750

Inoue, S., 489Ito, H., 725

Ito, M., 589Iwamoto, E. T., 699

Joyner, C. M., 743Junien, J. L., 626Jurkiewicz, N. K., 541

Kamato, T., 725

Kameyama, T., 665Katuyama, Y., 725

Katz, J., 792Kawai, Y., 482Khwaja, S., 832

King, G. R., 743Knie, B., 756, 761Knuepfer, M. M., 674Kobayashi, A., 725Kobayashi, M., 860Koch, A., 778

Koizumi, , 489

Konkoy, C. S., 555Koob, G. F., 564

Koran, G., 756, 761

Kostrubsky, V., 838

Kothstein, T., 541

Krejcie, T. C., 609Kwon, S., 717

LaBella, F. S., 709Lan, J., 854

Laplace, M.-C1., 772

Leach, M. J., 854LeCluyse, E. L., 813Lee, T. H., 743

Legrain, S., 654799

Lenaers, A., 515L#{246}hr,M., 659

Louis, C. A., 838

Lynch, J. J., Jr., 541

Maffrand, J. P., 772

Marion, L., 699

Matsumura, Y., 529 860Maurice, T., 665

McCann, U., 792

McDonald, C. E., 601

McKenzie, J. K., 709M#{233}nard,D. P., 846Menzaghi, F., 564

Merchant, K. M., 806Miyata, K., 725

Montrucchio, G., 766

Morano, I., 778Morimoto, S., 529, 860Morin, D., 881

Murata, S., 529, 860Nabeshima, T., 665

Nakada.Kometani, Y., 457

Nanji, A. A., 632,832Naruse, A., 589Nishida, A., 725

Nishio, S. J., 867Oguri, M., 589Ohhashi, T., 482

Ohnota, H., 489

Ohta, M., 725Ohtsuyama, M., 823O’Leary, D. F., 596

Ozawa, M., 457

Pang, C. C. Y., 463Pascaud, X., 626Patrice, T., 787

Perret, C., 787

Pfaffendorf, M., 509Philpot, R. M., 867Phung-Ba, V., 654 799

Pieper, G. M., 451Plopper, C., 881Plopper, C. G., 867Porreca, F., 626Premont, J., 646

Price, P. L, 632

Privat, S., 515

Quancard, 0., 787Querl, U., 659

Quirion, R, 846Quock, R. M., 596,601

Rao, R K., 626Ream, J. K., 601

Regnier, G., 515Remy, D. C., 541

Ricaurte, G., 792Ridenour, A., 792

Rivier, J., 564Riviera, P. J. M., 626Rosenfeld, G. C., 750Ruegg, J. C., 778Rumrich, G., 684Sadrzadeh, S. M. H., 632,832

Salat.a, J. J., 541

Sanchez, I. M., 581

Sanguinetti, M. C., 541Satake, N., 589

Sate, F., 489

Sate, F., 823Sate, K., 823Satoh, M., 725Savi, P., 772

Scherman, D., 654799

Schwinger, a H. G., 778Shanks, C. A., 609Sheldon, R., 477

Shibata, S., 589

Silvia, C., 743Simmons, N. L., 496Simon, R. P., 854Sinclair, J. F., 838Sinclair, P. R., 838Singer, E. A., 470Sleph, P. G., 536Smyth, D. D., 709

Stein, R. B., 541St.Pierre, S., 846Stupienski, R. F., III, 541Sugimachi, K., 457

Sukamoto, T., 6012

Suzuki, Y., 589Takada, K., 860

Takaoka, M., 529,860Tanaka, K., 6012

Tenc#{233},M., 646

Thakore, E., 477

Tousman, S. A., 601Toyomoto, T., 823

Tsukahara, Y., 860Tsutsumi, N., 489

Tsutsumi, R., 725

Ullrich, K. J., 684Umekawa, T., 529, 860Vale, W., 564

Van Meel, J. C. A., 509van Rossum, D., 846Van, P. A., 509

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Vilaine, J..P., 515Via, P. W., 521Voit, M., 867Vonarx-Coinsnian, V., 787

Voekuyl, R. A., 521Wallace, A. A., 541Wang, Y.-X., 463

Warnery, A., 654 799Waters, S. M., 555Watts, S. W., 617Wazmsn, D. J., 832Webb, R. C., 617Weir, A. J., 867Williams, C. L, 750

Wils, P., 654 799Wilson, L., 477Wood, S. G., 838Xue, Z., 743Yamaguchi, M., 457Yamamoto, L, 589Yamano, M., 725

Yang, H.-T., 732Yoshimura, N., 860Yuan, J., 792Yuki, H., 725Zhang, J. S., 509Zhao, S., 832

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ThO Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

4. IntroductIon. This section should not be labeled, butshould begin on a new page. It should contain a clear statement

Notice to ContributorsScope of Submitted Manuscripts

The Journal invites for review original papers dealing withinteractions of chemicals with biological systems. Any aspect ofpharmacology and therapeutics is included, but descriptive casereports without dose response or mechanism studies are notaccepted. Manuscripts dealing primarily with new methods willbe reviewed only if data are presented showing new or morereliable pharmacological information has been obtained by use ofthe methods.

Submission of ManuscriptsAuthors should Indicate In their cover letter the field of

pharmacology to which the research applies. Submit fourcopies of manuscript to Dr. John A. Harvey, Editor in CE1�I�Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, De.partment of Pharmacology, Suite 129, The Medical College ofPennsylvania at EPPI, 3200 Henry Avenue, Philadelphia, PA19129, accompanied by a check or purchase order for $40.00manuscript handling fee (in U.S. funds payable to ASPET). Ifsubmission ofthe manuscript handling fee entails personal finan-cial hardship to the author, the fee will be waived. In that eventthe authors should submit a request for waiver of the fee at thetime the manuscript is submitted. Only one copy of rejectedmanuscripts will be returned. Extra copies of figures will not bereturned unless specifically requested at the time the manuscriptis submitted.

Manuscripts should be typewritten double spaced in the Englishlanguage using one side only of approximately 21.6 by 28 cmpaper. One original thawing or photograph of each line figure andfour (4) clear copies and/or 4 original drawings or photographs ofeach halftone figure are required. Pages should not be stapledtogether.

It is understood that neither the manuscript nor the data itcontains have been previously published nor are being submittedelsewhere for publication. Manuscripts are accepted for reviewwith the understanding that all authors listed have approvedsubmission of the paper and that persons cited for unpublishedwork have approved such citation.

Authors submitting a manuscript do so with the understandingthat if it is accepted for publication, copyright in the article,including the right to reproduce the article in all forms and media,shall be assigned exclusively to the Society for Pharmacology andExperimental Therapeutics. Reasonable requests by authors forpermission to reproduce their contributions to the Journal willnot be refused. It will be necessary for all authors to sign anassignment of copyright form which will be mailed from the FieldEditor’s Office on provisional acceptance of the manuscript. Theonly exceptions will be manuscripts on work done by employeesofthe U.S. Federal Government.

Organization of the ManuscriptIn most cases manuscripts should contain the following sections

in the order listed, each section should begin on a new page andall pages should be numbered consecutively.

1. Title page. This should contain the complete title of themanuscript, the names of all authors and the laboratory of origin.Support for the research should be indicated as a numberedfootnote to the title and included with other footnotes on aseparate page after the reference section.

2. Running title page. a) A running title should be in-cluded at the top of this page and should contain no more than 35spaces, including punctuation. It should convey the sense of thefull title. Commonly used abbreviations (such as “ATP,” “ACh,”etc.) may be used in the running title. b) Corresponding author�this page should also contain the name, address and telephonenumber of the person to whom page proof should be sent. c) A listof abbreviations used in the paper should also appear on this page.Additionally, each abbreviation should be defined the first time itis used in the text.

3. Abstract. The abstract should present in a concise formthe purpose, the general methods, the fmdings and the conclusionsof the manuscript. Abstracts should be limited to 200 words;abstracts of more than 250 words will not be accepted.

(Revised January 1, 1992)

of the aims of the reported work or of the hypotheses which thework was designed to test. A brief account of the background ofthe reported work may also be given in this section.

5. Methods. This section should contain explicit, concisedescriptions of all new methods or procedures employed. Modifi-cations of previously published methods should be described.Commonly used methods require only a citation of the originalsource. When methods are described, the description should besuch as to enable the reader tojudge their accuracy, reproducibilityand reliability and to repeat the experiment. Very extended de-scriptions of methods may be submitted for deposit with theAmerican Society for Information Science National AuxiliaryPublications Service (NAPS) c/o Microfiche Publications, P.O.Box 3513, Grand Central Station, New York, NY 10017. A textreference or footnote stating that the full description is availablefrom NAPS permits interested readers to obtain the information,and does not occupy an inordinate amount of Journal space. Thereis a nominal charge to authors for this procedure; those whorequest the complete information from NAPS pay a small fee.

6. Results. This section ordinarily contains the experimentaldata to be presented but not extended discussions of their signif-icance. Results should usually be presented in graphic or tabularform, rather than discursively. Graphic presentation of data isoften preferred but there should not be duplication in text, tablesand figures. Sufficient data must be given to allow readers to judgethe variability and reliability of the results. Statistical tests usedand the data analyzed should be explained so that the findingscan be interpreted and evaluated.

7. Discussion. This section should present conclusions to bedrawn from the results. Speculative discussion is not discouraged,but the speculation should be based on the data presented andidentified as such. The discussion should be as concise as possible,within the limits of the ideas which the authors wish to proposeand adequate discussion of related work by others.

8. Acknowledgments. These may be included at the endofthe text of the manuscript, but should begin on a separate pageand have a separate heading. Gifts and assistance can be acknowl�edged here but financial support should appear in a footnote tothe title.

9. References. In text citations, give the author’s nameand the year of publication (e.g., McCarthy, 1952; Ruth andGehrig, 1929). With more than two authors, the text citationshould contain the name of the first author, followed by “et aL,”and the date (e.g., Kennedy et aL, 1960). In the list of references,entries should be arranged alphabetically by author, and notnumbered. All authors’ names should be given. If reference ismade to more than one publication by the same authors in thesame year, suffixes (a, b, c, etc.) should be added to the year inthe text citation and in the list of references.

The list of references should contain, in sequence, the followinginformation; authors’ names and initials, title of the cited article,title of the journal in which the article appeared (abbreviated; seebelow), volume number of the journal, inclusive pagination andyear of publication. Abbreviations for journals should conform tothe Biosis List of Serials (BioSciences Information Services ofBiological Abstracts, Philadelphia, PA 19103). Citations of per-sonal communications, unpublished observations and papers sub-mitted for publication should be given in parentheses at theappropriate place in the text not in the list of references. A papermay not be cited as “in press” unless it has been accepted forpublication. In such cases the name of the journal must be given.

Examples of references to books, chapters and journal articlesfollow:

Bruce, M. S.: The anxiogenic effects of caffeine. Postgrad. Med.J. 66: 18-24, 1990.

Griffiths, R. R., Bigelow, G. E. and Liebson, I. A.: Human Coffeedrinking Reinforcing and physical dependence producing ef-feds of caffeine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 239: 416-425, 1986.

Tallarida, R J. and Murray, R. B.: Manual of PharmacologicCalculations with Computer Programs. Springer-Verlag, NewYork, 1987.

Young, A. M. and Sannerud, C. A.: Tolerance to drug discrimi-native stimuli. In Psychoactive Drugs: Tolerance and Sensiti-

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Units of radioactivitycurie Cicounts per min cpmdisintegrations dpmper mmroentgen r

Units of time

hr or hmm or msee or s

hourminutesecond

K,K,KmVma.

Units of massgrammole

Units of electricityg voltmol ampere

VA

The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Copies of this Notice may be obtained free of charge from the Editor.

ration, ed. by A. J. Goudie and M. W. Emmett-Oglesby, pp.221-270, Humana Press, Clifton, NJ, 1989.

No more than four references should be cited in support of anygiven point. The authors are responsible for the accuracy of suchcitations and are urged to take the utmost care in proofreadingcitations and reference list.

10. Footnotes. All footnotes to the title, authors’ names ortext should be indicated by arabic numeral superscripts, not byletters or other symbols. The footnotes should be typed in se-quence on a separate page not a text page. Footnotes to tables arediscussed under Tables, below.

1 1. Tables. Each table should be on a separate page. Tablesshould be numbered consecutively with arabic numerals, andshould be designed to fit the column or page size of the Journal.A brief descriptive title should be given at the top of each table.The table number should be given in capital letters, the title inboldface upper and lower case letters (e.g., TABLE 3. Uptake oflabeled drug by rat liver slices). The footnotes to the tablesshould be referenced by italicized lower case superscript letters (a,b, c, etc.) and should appear beneath the table involved, not on aseparate page of the manuscript. Extensive tabular material notabsolutely essential to the manuscript will be accepted for depositwith the ASIS/NAPS (see “Methods,” above). In such instancesa footnote in the published paper will refer the interested readersto NAPS from which copies may be obtained. Note Statisticsbelow for expressions of probability.

12. Legends for figures. These should be numbered con-secutively in arabic numerals and should appear on a separatepage of the manuscript. Legends should explain the figures insufficient detail so that frequent referralto the text is unnecessary,but efforts should be made to avoid unnecessary length. Abbrevi.ations in the legends should conform to those in the text (see“Abbreviations,” below).

13. Figures. Illustrations should be submitted as un-mounted glossy prints, preferably reduced to single column size(approximately 3�/2 inches in width) to permit reproduction with-out further reduction. Otherwise, prints should be no larger than8 by 10 inches and clear enough to permit reproduction withoutretouching and legibility after reduction. The author’s name andaddress and the number ofthe figure should be placed on the backof each print. A typed label is usually most satisfactory. Ball typepen should not be used. Note Statistics below for expression ofprobability. Ulilform symbolism shouldbe used for all illustrationsin a manuscript. Symbols, numbers and letters in the illustrationsmust be at least 1.5mm in height after reduction to single columnsize. The title of each figure should appear in the legend ratherthan on the figure itself. Photomicrographs and electron micro-graphs should be labeled with a magnification calibration in microor Angstrom units. A statement of the magnification shouldappear in the figure legend.

14. Index Terms. A list of index terms useful in construct.ing the annual index should be included as the last page of themanuscript.

Statistics.Wherever possible statistical probability (P) in tables, figures,

and figure legends should be expressed as � P < .05, � P < .01and � P < .001. For second comparisons the symbols t may beused similarly. Authors are urged to avoid unnecessary complexityand to be consistent within the manuscript. In the event ofmultiple comparisons within a table, footnotes, a, b, c, etc. shouldbe used.

AbbreviationsMagnitudes of variables reported should be expressed in nu-

merals. Most abbreviations are used without punctuation, with nodistinction between singular and plural forms (e.g., 1 mg, 25 mg,1 sec, 25 see). The usual prefixes are to be used for multiples orsubmultiples of the basic units (e.g., kg, g, mg, �g, ng, pg). Thefollowing abbreviations, or their properly prefixed multiples orsubmultiples, may be used without defmition in the text, tablesand figures:

equivalent Eq cycles/see Hzmicroatom �at

Units of concentrationmolar (moles! Mliter)normal (EqJ Nliter)percent %

Units of length orvolume

meter mmicronAngstrom Aliter (spell out 1in text)

Kinetics

dissociation constant

Dissociation constant ofenzyme substrate complexenzyme inhibitor complexMichaelis constantmaximum initial velocity

Miscellaneousdegrees of temperature ‘Cgravity gmedian doses LD�, ED�, etc.optically isometric forms d-, 1-, dl-routes of drug administration i.v., i.p., s.c., i.m.standard deviation S.D.standard error S.E.

Whenever an abbreviation other than those above is to be usedin a manuscript, it is to be defined in the text or in a footnotethereto, the first time it is used. Abbreviations for commonly usedsubstances should be those recommended by the Journal of Bio.logical Chemistry. Abbreviations for drugs may be used if properlydefined on first use and if the chemical or generic name of thedrug is given when the abbreviation is first used. Abbreviationsmay be used in the running title but not in the full title of themanuscript.

DrugsGeneric names should be used in text, tables and figures. Trade

names may be mentioned in parentheses in the first text referenceto the drug but should not appear in titles, figures or tables. Whena trade name is used, it should be capitalized, generic or chemicalnames are not capitalized. The chemical nature of new drugs mustbe given when it is known. The form of drug used in calculationsof doses (e.g., base or salt) should be indicated. When severaldrugs are used, it may save space to include a separate paragraphin “Methods,” or a separate table or footnote, listing the relevantinformation about all drugs employed.

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Experimental SubjectsThe Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics

requires authors to affirm that original studies reported in Jour-nals of the Society have been carried out in accordance with theDeclaration of Helsinki and with the Guide for the Care and Useof Laboratory Animals as adopted and promulgated by the Na-tional Institutes of Health.

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