Prokaryote=Bacteria◦ No nucleus to house the genetic material◦ Smaller and Simpler

Eukaryotes=Plants, Animals, Fungi and Protists◦ Nucleus to house genetic material◦ Larger and more complex

Regulates what enters and leaves the cell Protects and Supports Made of a lipid bilayer All cells have a membrane

Found in plants, bacteria, fungi, and some protists

Main function is protection and support Found outside the cell membrane

Liquid Portion of cell outside the Nucleus All cells have cytoplasm Allows for movement of materials within the

cell itself

Contains nearly all the cells DNA Surrounded by Nuclear Envelope

◦ Contains pores to let materials in and out Chromatin: DNA unwound and bound to

protein◦ Condenses to divide=Chromosomes

Nucleolus: Small dense region for assembly of ribosomes

Convert chemical energy in food to useable energy for the cell

Outer and inner membrane Inherited from mother Generates ATP (energy) for the cell

Composed of microtubules Aids in cell division by dividing and

organizing chromosomes ONLY found in animal cells ONLY active during cell division

Modify, sort and package materials from Endoplasmic Reticulum

Materials may be for storage in cell or export

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Capture energy from sunlight and convert CO2 to SUGARS (Photosynthesis)

Found in Plants and some Protists

Site of synthesizing materials◦ Proteins (Rough)◦ Lipids (Smooth)◦ Other materials and detox

Smooth ER◦ No ribosomes present

Rough ER◦ Ribosomes present on surface

Made of RNA (no membrane) Produce proteins by following coded

instructions from the Nucleus Found in ALL CELLS

Breaking down of molecules Contain ENZYMES

◦ Remember the chicken liver lab? Can also break down old, unusable

organelles

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Storage◦ H2O, salts, protein and carbohydrates

Important for plant cells◦ Why would this be?

Support structure of plant

Support of the cell Microfilaments

◦ Thread like structure, made of the protein Actin◦ Form extensive networks◦ Help the cell move

Microtubules◦ Hollow structures, made of protein Tubulins◦ Maintaining cell shape◦ Centrioles: located near cell nucleus, help

organize cell division