Early Cultures
Early CulturesDo Now Take out your vocabulary sheets
What is a culture?
What is a society? AfricaContent Focus:
As Earths climate changed, early Africansbegan migrating across
the continent. Asthey lived in new environments, theylearned how to
use available resources.
Features of AfricaSahara
Today a huge desert, received enough rain for grasses and other
plants to grow
Sahara Desert
Features of AfricaAfrican savannas
Grassy plains were rich in wild game, while nearby woodlands
provided seasonal plants
African Savanna
Features ContinuedRivers, lakes, and coasts
Permanent camps along the Nile River in Northern Africa had
plenty of water, wild plants, and game. Fish were caught with twine
nets and bone hooks.
Nile River
AfricaNelsons Bay Cave
Hunters killed antelope, wild pigs, and seabirds. Fishers used
hooks and nets.
Africa
AfricaNew weapon hunters used: Bow and Arrow
EuropeContent Focus:
At the end of the last Ice Age, earlyEuropeans adapted to a
forestenvironment. They developed new toolsand ways of living, and
became lessnomadic.
EuropeHow Landscape Changed and PeopleAdapted
Landscape changed from plains to forests.
People had hunted on wide, open plains, now they hunted game in
thick forests and fished on shorelines.
Adapting: made tools that could do special jobsEuropeType of
tools used along the Baltic Sea
Fishing spears, harpoons, nets, and traps.
Made spear tips from stone, bone, or antlers.
Baltic Sea
Harpoons
EuropeTypes of tools used by people living inforests
Developed tools for making things out of wood
EuropeTypes of tools used by people living alongthe
waterways
Used wooden tools for making canoes
EuropeFood became so plentiful that populationsincreased. As
these populations increased, people moved less often.
EuropeSources of food and shelter
Some made crops along rivers, lakes, and seacoasts, where sea
life could be found. Others built shelters of wood and animal
skins.Europe
Asia and the PacificContent Focus:
Between about 14,000 and 12,000 yearsago, people began
populating Asia and thesouthwestern Pacific Islands. Some beganto
stay longer in areas that had plentifulfood.
Asia and the PacificHow people lived on the Eastern Coast of
theMediterranean Sea
Summers: hills
Winters: rock shelters and caves near lakes.
As temperatures warmed, people moved to higher ground where soil
was better for wild plants.
Asia and the PacificWith grains and nuts in good supply,people
began to stay longer in the sameplaces.
Asia and the PacificAbu Hureyra (food supply and
livingarrangements)
Wild plants and animals. Hunters killedmigrating gazelles and
stored the meat.People lived in shelters with reed roofsbuilt
partly underground.
Gazelle
Asia and the PacificTools in Japan
First known clay pots for carrying waterand storing food.
Asia and the PacificPeople living in the heavily forested
areasused bamboo and stone for making tools.
Asia and the PacificTools in thick forests of southeastern
Asia
Sharpened bamboo proved to be a good tool and weapon.
Asia
Japan
North AmericaContent Focus:
People in North America adapted to avariety of environments,
ranging fromdeserts to rain forests. They adapted theirtechnology
to available resources. North America
North AmericaClovis People
Used their spears to kill large Ice Age animals. Hunted mammoths
and large bison Also ate smaller game and wild plantsBison
Clovis Points
North AmericaAs the number of large Ice Age mammalsbegan to
decrease, people turned tohunting smaller animals, such as deer
andsmall bison, using smaller spear pointsand tools.North
AmericaDesert Like Areas
People camped in rock shelters and caves. Hunted desert animals,
such as rabbits, and gathered wild plants.
North AmericaForests of eastern North America
From trees, people got nuts and sap for food, branches for clubs
and wooden spears, and bark for shelters.
North AmericaMexico
Some lived in large camps when food was plentiful. To survive,
they learned to divide into smaller groups when food was
scarce.
Mexico
South AmericaContent Focus:
People who first settled South Americaadapted to rain forests,
mountains, andother environments. Scientists haveuncovered a 12,500
year old site in Monte Verde, Chile.
South AmericaPeople migrated from North America toSouth
America.
South AmericaThey migrated to:1. The cold ocean coasts at the
southern tip2. High up in the Andes Mountains3. The dense
rainforests surrounding the Amazon River
South America
Andes Mountains
Andes Mountains
South AmericaMonte Verde lies in a small river valley inwhat is
now southern Chile.
South AmericaMonte Verde
Fireplaces for cooking. People ate many different kinds of
plants, including wild potatoes, and hunted small animals as well
as camel species and mastodons.
South AmericaPeru
Caught seafood year-round (thousands of anchovies). They also
relied on plant foods.
Anchovies
Peru
South AmericaBrazil
A cave provided shelter for early people. Depended mostly on
plants.
Found Brazil nuts and palm seeds
Brazilian Nuts
Palm Seeds
Brazil
Wrap UpComplete page 6 of your Homework and Practice Book and we
will review it as a class.
