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BIOLOGY IS….
…the study of life, So what do we study? What defines a living thing?
Six Characteristics: Cells Organization Energy Use Homeostasis Growth Reproduction
ORGANIZATION
all living things are organized
IS A DOG ALIVE?
Cells – Dogs have red blood cells Organization – Dogs have bones to help it
stand Energy Use – Dogs use energy to run and
chase squirrels Growth – Dogs grow by multiplying their cells
and can heal when they get hurt Homeostasis – When a dog is hot, it moves
into the shade Reproduction – Dogs mate and give birth to
puppies YES DOGS ARE ALIVE!
IS A CALCULATOR ALIVE?
Cells – Does have solar cells but does not have regular cells with DNA and a membrane
Organization – Is organized with each button having a job
Energy Use – needs batteries or light to work Growth – Calculators do not get larger over
time nor do they change in anyway Homeostasis – If the temperature is freezing,
the calculator is freezing too Reproduction – calculators do not have baby
calculators. NO CALCULATORS ARE NON-LIVING
MICROSCOPES
Tool for observing small specimens Magnification – how much bigger an
object looks Resolution – how clear the picture is Robert Hooke: using a simple microscope observed the first plant cells in cork, 1665 Anton van Leeuwenhoek observed the
first living cells, 1673. He made some of the first microscopes.
LIGHT MICROSCOPE
Ocular Lens – eye piece, 10x Body Tube Revolving Nosepiece – hold objective lenses Objective lens – near object,
4x = scanning 10x = low 45x or 100x = high
Stage and Stage clip – holds slide Diaphragm or Condenser – focuses light Light Coarse Focus – moves quickly Fine Focus – perfects image
MAGNIFICATION
Total magnification is: ocular lens x the objective
10x X 4x = 40 times magnified
The object should look 40x larger than normal
Field of view – the size of the area you can see
Which picture has a larger field of view?