+Thyroid Gland and Parathyroid Glands

By: Christina Sim, Gabby Vega, Jae Choi, Rachel Okrainsky, Kassia IsokePeriod: 2

+Where is the Thyroid Gland?

Located in the front of the neck

+Hormones Associated with the Thyroid Gland

Thyroid Hormone: Role/Function: Help regulate growth and the rate

of chemical reactions (metabolism)

Calcitonin: a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that lowers blood calcium Role/Function: Lowers the concentration of

calcium in the blood when it rises above normal value—this is done by inhibiting the osteoclasts in bone tissue

+

Explanation of the specific function of the thyroid hormone:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCpjv8YcUow

Explanation of the specific function of calcitonin:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsM5-PV_ObQ

+Parathyroid Gland: Location

Parathyroid glands are small glands of the endocrine system which are located in the neck behind the thyroid.

+Hormones

The parathyroid gland produces a hormone called the parathyroid hormone

The parathyroid hormone regulates the calcium levels in the body largely by increasing levels when they are too low. It does this trough the kidneys, bones and intestines

VIDEO

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmXHhsPwGP0

+Diseases Associated with the Thyroid Hormone and Calcitonin

Thyroid Cancer: Occurs in the cells of the thyroid Cause: Unknown Symptoms:

A lump or swelling in your neck Pain in your neck and sometimes in your ears Difficulty breathing or constant wheezing Hoarseness that is not related to a cold A cough that continues and is not related to a

cold

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lJEANhRXpMI

+Primary hyperparathyroidism

The blood level is high due to increased and unregulated parathyroid hormone secretion

Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by a tumor in one of the parathyroid glands

+Concept Check Questions

1. Where is the thyroid and parathyroid located?

1. In front of the back of the neck

2. What is the function of calcitonin?1. To lower blood calcium

3. How does the parathyroid hormone regulate calcium levels?

1. Increasing levels when they are too low, through the kidneys, bones, and intestines

+Fun Facts

More than 27 million Americans have some sort of thyroid disease. About 13 million have no idea they suffer from a thyroid imbalance

Stress is a major factor that adversely affects the thyroid

The success rate and complication rate for parathyroid surgery is VERY dependent upon the surgeons experience

Parathyroid disease is a lethal disease but just like high cholesterol and high blood pressure it takes 25 years before it takes effect

+Bibliography

Google. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yourhormones.info%2Fhormones%2Fparathyroid_hormone.aspx&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNFwLzqwtiFtasqNL1ivuzQ0LO-8GQ>.

Location of Gland. N.d. Google. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Calcium_regulation.png/250px-Calcium_regulation.png&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_hormone&h=284&w=250&tbnid=1_eChUsFGbYGwM:&zoom=1&q=parathyroid+hormone&docid=1BFTfL8rY55a2M&ei=84EBVffKBtDjsATYmoGYCA&tbm=isch&ved=0CCcQMygKMAo&surl=1&safe=active>.

Overview of Thyroid. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmXHhsPwGP0? >.

Physiology, Brian R. Anatomy & Physiology. N.p.: Janice Johnson, 2007. Print.

The 10 Parathyroid Rules of Norman. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://parathyroid.com/10_parathyroid_rules.htm>.

Thyroid. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lJEANhRXpMI>.

Thyroid Gland. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCpjv8YcUow>.

Thyroid Gland. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsM5-PV_ObQ>.

WebMd. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://www.webmd.com/cancer/tc/thyroid-cancer-symptoms>.

Wellness. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://blog.wellnessfx.com/2013/04/12/20-important-facts-to-know-about-the-thyroid/?>.

You & Your Hormones. N.p., 21 Jan. 2015. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/parathyro