Chapter 11. Hubert Frings, Mable Frings. 1967. Behavioral manipulation (visual, mechanical, and acoustical). Pages 387-454. In: Kilgore Wendell W., Richard L. Doutt. Pest Control: Biological, Physical, and Selected Chemical Methods. New York, Academic Press, 477 pages.

Keywords: visual frightening devices, moving bio-objects, scarecrows, scintillating objects, flags, mechanical and acoustical frightening devices, biosounds, loud noises, ultrasonics, audiogenic seizures, mice, communication signals, types of communication signals possibly useful in pest control, attractive and identifying signals, repellent signals, birds, equipment for recording and broadcasting acoustical communication signals, projecting equipment, information needed for planning control programs, identification of pest, nature of the problem, population size and structure, environmental conditions, behavior patterns of animals, possible interfering factors, methods of application, selection and deployment of equipment, selection of signals, effects and types of problem, timing of sound emissions, specific uses, testing, problems and advantages, habituation, movement of pests to new problem areas, expense, specificity and inter-specificity, hazards and irritations