Chapter 3. Pyralid stem borers: bionomics, damage and effects of insecticides. Pages 39-57. In: D. H. Grist, R. J. A. W. Lever. 1969. Pests of rice. London: Longmans, Green and Co., Ltd. 520 pages.

Keywords: bionomics in relation to damage, injury, deadhearts, whiteheads, yellow stemborer Scirpophaga (=Tryporyza) incertulas, Asian white stemborer Scripophaga innotata percentage incidence by stem borer species, African white stemborer Maliarpha separatella, striped stemborer Chilo suppressalis, pink stemborer Sesamia inferens, abundance time, alternative hosts in relation to bionomics, Diatraea maize or sugarcane stemborers, aquatic adaptability, estimates of damage, relationship between insect abundance and yield loss, effect of fertilizer on abundance, yield loss based on crop growth stage, darkheaded stemborer Chilo polychrysus (=polychrysa), forecasting pest outbreaks, stem borer control, cultural and mechanical, synchronous planting, tillage, stubble plowdown, stubble burning, collection of egg masses, light trapping, chemical control, foliar sprays, granular insecticides, paddy water application, biological control by nematodes, entomogenous fungi, Isaria farinosa, Beauveria bassiana, sex attractants