Name____________________________________________ Block________

Stars, Galaxies, and the Big Bang TheoryCharacteristics of Stars

1. A star’s color gives you a clue about the star’s ________________________________________________.

2. What are binary stars?

3. Binary stars are used to determine the ________________________________________of a star.

4. List 3 factors that control the apparent brightness of a star as seen from Earth.

5. How does the absolute magnitude of a star differ from its apparent magnitude?

6. The star Arcturus has a much greater absolute magnitude than our sun, but a much lower apparent magnitude. Why is this?

7. What type of relationship does the Hertsprung Russell (HR) diagram show?

8. Select the appropriate letter in the figure that identifies each of the following features.

________the sun

________cool, small, red stars

________ white dwarfs

________ red giants

________ hot, large, blue stars

Stellar Evolution

9. List in order the labeled stages shown on the figure that a medium-mass star goes through during its “life.” (Hint: it may be helpful to draw arrows on the figure from stage to stage.)

a.___________________________________

b.___________________________________

c.___________________________________

d.___________________________________

e.___________________________________

f.____________________________________

Match each death description with its star.Death Description Star

10. _________Forms a red giant, which then collapses a. low mass star into a red dwarf and forms a planetary nebula

b. medium mass star11. _________Blows up in a supernova explosion

c. Massive star12. _________Does not form a red giant; collapses directly

into a white dwarf

Match each description with its stellar remnant.Description Stellar Remnant

13. ________Remnant of a supernova event; similar to a a. black holelarge atomic nucleus

b. neutron star14. ________Small dense object formed from the remnants

of a star at least three times as massive as the sun c. white dwarf

15. ________Remnant of a low mass or medium mass star

Galaxies

Match each description with its galaxy.Description Galaxy

16. ________Ranges in shape from round to oval; most are small a. spiral galaxy

17. ________Composed mostly of young stars b. elliptical galaxy

18. ________Usually disk-shaped with many variations c. irregular galaxy

Match each picture with the correct type of galaxy.

19._________ 20._________ 21.__________

Big Bang Theory

22. What is Hubble’s law?

23. The red shifts of distant galaxies proves that or universe is _____________________________________________.

24. What does the big bang theory state?

25. What three pieces of evidence did we discuss that help support the big bang theory?

Type of Galaxy

a. Spiral galaxy

b. Elliptical galaxy

c. Irregular galaxy