Practical Action& Hivos

East Africa Regional Workshop

Catalyzing Civil Society to Deliver Sustainable Energy For All

Report of the Proceedings

Facilitated by:

Warren J Nyamugasira

Independent Consultant

Nairobi Kenya, Silver Springs Hotel – 25 to 26 October, 2012.

Executive Summary

The UN has started the process of implementation of the Secretary General’s ‘Sustainable Energy for All’ (SE4ALL) initiative. A crucial part of the SE4ALL is the participatory preparation of the ‘Gaps Analysis Document’ and drafting of the National Implementation Plans by governments of the Fast Track and ‘opt in’ countries. These plans need to be delivered by national governments to the UN before September 2013.

Hivos and Practical Action are committed to support and cooperate with civil society in eight African countries (4 each in East and Southern Africa) to ensure the gaps identified and plans made reflect and address energy access for the poor, both men and women, in the best possible way.

This regional workshop is the start of this joint undertaking by Practical Action and Hivos intended to ensure that their partners are equipped and ready to engage with the national level processes, become a nucleus for wider CSO mobilization, and coordinate across the regions as well as feeding into the global process.

Workshop ObjectivesThe workshop which brought together 31 participants from Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Rwanda, was organised to meet the following objectives:

share insight on the current status of SE4ALL at international, regional and national level

analyze the policy environment at national level in the 4 countries the East Africa, identifying allies and threats

formulate and agree joint objectives, actions and process to influence the national and regional SE4ALLimplementation plans

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develop ideas and a scope out possible activities to increase civil society awareness and engagement with the issue of energy access

plan further national and regional coordination

Workshop Outputs

Update on the current status of SE4ALL

SE4ALL is a UN Secretary General’s initiative which arose upon the realization that the MDGs were not going to be met without increased energy access and efficiency. The SE4ALL initiative is meant to put energy on the international agenda.

The SE4ALL initiative is focused on working with stakeholders to deliver the following three key objectives by 2030:Ensuring Universal Access to modern energy services; doubling the share of renewableenergy in the global energy mix; and doubling the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency. The UN Secretary General identifies civil society as the ‘third pillar’ to deliver SE4ALL, alongside business and government.The timeline are as follows:

Critical dates in SE4ALL initiatives are as follows:

i. September 2011 - SE4ALL Initiative launchedii. November 2011 - EC announce ‘Agenda for Change’ – energy priority for

development assistanceiii. April 2012 – SE4ALL Action Agenda launchediv. June 2012 - Rio +20 – 52 countries endorse SE4ALL, $50b committed from

private sector to initiate v. September 2012 – launch of ‘operational’ phase of the Initiative (country-

focused)vi. December 2012 – baseline report released (World Bank-led)

vii. September 2013 – submission of National Implementation Plans to the UN

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National Governments are the key players, supported by the UN (UNDP, UNEP, UNIDOP), EC (Energy +), GIZ and WB as well as other players.

62 countries have actively ‘opted in’ to the SE4ALL Initiative (almost half of which are in sub Saharan Africa). 12 countries have been prioritised as ‘first-movers’ – and 3 are in East Africa – Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania.

It was agreed that when engaging, partners would advocate for the following:

Promotion of a ‘Service’ rather than ‘Supply’ based approach to energy definition and delivery;

Increased financing for decentralised solutions; Encouraging an Ecosystems understanding of the energy landscape for

universal access; Mainstreaming and making clear the space for civil society exists to add

value toSE4ALL processes;

Analysis of the policy environment at national level in the 4 countries

Each country team undertook an analysis of the national situation, mapping out current status, including decision-making and implementation processes at national level.

In each of the four East African countries the environment for CSO participation is conducive but the level of their involvement varies from country to country. However, outstanding issues, opportunities and moments to engage and stakeholders to target are clear to the CSOs.For some, CSOs need to take the initiative while for others the need is to strengthen capacity to engage.

- In Rwanda, an opt-in but not fast track country, the priority is to get the process underway and Civil Society (with the workshop participants as the nucleus) is best placed to kick-start the process.

- In Tanzania, the critical gap is on creation of awareness and enhancing ownership of SE4ALL process even among government MDAs.

- In Uganda, the critical gap is the imbalance in the focus on oil against renewable energy, which civil society should spearhead.

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- In Kenya, the critical gap is to ensure that sustainable energy for document when it is finalised in December 2012.

In each case, a clear strategy, division of roles and responsibilities and targeting are needed for CSOs to become indispensible players.

Formulation of joint actions and processes to influence the National and regional SE4ALL Implementation Plans

It was agreed that there will be follow up national workshops in all the four countries with Hivos providing some funding and partners committing to raise more in order that they can be in the best position and have the fullest capacity to do strong advocacy work.

For Tanzania, the national priority was identified as “to influence national development priorities, such as MKUKUTA, Kilimo Kwanza among other national programmes to contribute to SE4ALL . In particular such critical documents would be scrutinized before they are passed into law. In particular, they would review the National Energy Policy overall strategy, legal and regulatory framework and programme, to ensure that the energy needs of the poor are included. A detailed action plan to effect this was developed and would be refined and sold to the rest of the Stakeholders once the team returned to base.

For Kenya, the objective is to strengthen fellow CSOs to actively participate and influence policy planning and implementation on SE4ALL and to ensure there is coordinated action. The immediate action was to ensure that CSOs mobilize to participate in the completion of the National Gap Analysis document slated for December 2012.

For Rwanda, the objective is to catalyze the effective participation of CSOs in the formulation of the national Action Plan to ensure it responds to the community energy needs and priorities and to monitor and advocate for effective implementation of the action plan. A clear roadmap with times was developed leading up to September 2013, when the country is expected to submit the National Action Plan to the UN.

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For Uganda, the aim is to balance focus in discussion of oil with discussion on renewable energy and to influence standards in key energy technologies which are lacking except for solar energy. Its priorities include bringing new advocates such as Faith Based Organisations on board.

Developing activities to increase civil society awareness and engagement with the issue of energy access

The workshop clarified the SE4ALL processes and the centrality of the national processes including the Gaps Analysis and the National Action Planning, the timelines and potential resources. In terms of how civil society can meaningfully engage in influencing the SE4ALL process, it was agreed to:

Move away from being ad hoc by becoming organized, thereby avoiding the sense of ambush.This entails good planning and strategizing.

Stop being fragmented and get coordinated so as to form a credible critical mass.

Engage with governments in a way that generates government goodwill; Use a persuasive communications approach, be critical but don’t attack; work hard to gather intelligencewhen those being engaged seem closed; strategize on how to maximize opportunity in a space where the government is in control; create your own opportunity when you have not been invited – create your own events and meetings where you will have more control and space to negotiate.

Identify allies in influencing the government – different UN agencies (not only do they have clout they also have resources) the media (don’t just think about journalists – get editors on board)

In terms of what is needed in order to advocate and influence effectively, the following were highlighted:

Awareness raising &training Financing (participation has a cost! national participation is costly!) Leadership and coordination structures – plan, mobilize, organize, act…

including at the grassroots (CBOs missing in action);

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Access to policy data/information in real time Knowledge generation and dissemination Clear policy action plan Passion!

Planning further national and regional coordination

Each team committed to mobilising other CSOs and improving coordination at country level to ensure greater effectiveness in their engagement with the Government and the Private Sector. The national workshops planned in each of the four countries will consolidate this.

Furthermore, it was agreed that a mechanism for regular communication would be set up to enable Practical Action and HIVOS provide their partners with the necessary stimulation and backstopping and for partner organizations to share and mutually encourage one another. Details were yet to be firmed up.

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BACKGROUND Introduction

The UN started the process of implementation of the Secretary General’s ‘Sustainable Energy for All’ (SE4ALL) initiative. A crucial part of the SE4ALL is the participatory preparation of the ‘Gaps Analysis Document’ and drafting of the National Implementation Plans by governments of the Fast Track and ‘opt in’ countries. These plans need to be delivered by national governments to the UN before September 2013.

The SE4ALL Initiative recognizes the critical role that civil society should play in delivering universal energy access, efficiency and renewable. The Secretary General has reinforced the importance of civil society organizations – encompassing associations, cooperatives, foundations, trade unions, indigenous groups, faith-based groups, academia, NGOs and community based organizations - as the ‘third pillar’ alongside government and the private sector. They work to secure energy access for all, particularly the poorest and most marginalized; bring to the table a wide range of issues that ensure that energy is truly sustainable from a social, environmental and economic perspective; ensure due regard to inclusivity, gender, rights and governance, community participation and poverty reduction. Yet, some governments in the region, buoyed by donor response and commitment at Rio+20, are already drafting Gaps Analysis documents leading to drafting of implementation plans with varying degreesof civil society participation.

Hivos and Practical Action are committed to support and cooperate with civil society in eight African countries (4 each in East and Southern Africa) to ensure the gaps reflect and plans address energy access for the poor, both men and

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The UN Secretary General has reinforced the importance of civil society organizations…as the ‘third pillar’ alongside government and the private sector.

They work to secure energy access for all, particularly the poorest and most marginalized; bringing to the table a wide range of issues

women, in the best possible way. The organization of this regional workshop is the start of this joint undertaking by Practical Action and Hivos. A total of two regional workshops (one for East Africa and another for Southern Africa) are planned to be followed by eight national workshops.

Practical Action, a civil society organization, uses technology to challenge poverty, working with poor women and men around the world while Hivosis in the business of catalysingcivil society action to deliver sustainable energy for all. Both agencies focus on addressing energy poverty.

The intent of this ‘hands on’ workshops is to ensure that partners of Practical Action and Hivos are equipped and ready to engage with the national level processes, become a nucleus for wider CSO mobilization, and coordinate across the regions as well as feeding into the global process.

Workshop Objectives

The objectives of this workshop were to:

a) share insight on the current status of SE4ALL at international, regional and national level in selected African countries

b) analyze the policy environment at national level in all the 4 countries f the East African Community, identifying allies and threats

c) formulate and agree joint objectives, actions and process to influence the National and regional SE4ALLImplementation Plans

d) generate a series of recommendations to share with the new SE4ALL Secretariat to encourage meaningful civil society engagement(However this objective was later de-emphasized in order to ensure that participants remained focused on (immediate) national level processes and coordinated and collaborating within their sub regions)

e) develop ideas and a scope out possible activities to increase civil society awareness and engagement with the issue of energy access

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The intent of this ‘hands on’ workshops is to ensure that partners of Practical Action and Hivos are equipped and ready to engage with the national level processes, become a nucleus for wider CSO mobilization, and coordinate across the regions as well as feeding into the global process.

f) plan further national and regional coordination

Workshop Facilitation Approach and Methodology

The two-day workshop was facilitated by Warren Nyamugasira, a development activist and advocacy expert,who has engaged at national, continental and global levels of policy and has been a catalyst for change. He was supported by Eco Matser from HIVOS and Grace Mukasa of Practical Action. In addition, there were two guest speakers, Mr. John Maina, representing the government of Kenya (Ministry of Energy) and Mr. Ola Altera, representing UNIDO Kenya office, the UN Lead Agency on SE4ALL. Country CSO lead organizations made presentations on the dynamics in preparations for Rio + 20 and the road from Rio.

The bulk of the sessions were interactive group work, engaging with Gaps Analysis Document of the Kenya government and developing action plans for implementation when the participants return to their countries.

Conference materials included country energy profiles, roadmap for CSO partnership prepared for the UN Secretary General’s High Level Group in SE4ALL (July 2012) and key donor commitments for SEFA.

Group sessions were guided by clearly spelt out terms of reference and the Country Action Planning (CAP) exercise was guided by Advocacy and Policy Change Composite Logic Model (from contextual factors to audience analysis to impact, to policy goals, interim outcomes, activities and inputs). Detailed notes were documented by two rapporteurs from Practical Action, Edwina Fingleton-Smith and Lydia Muchiri and this report was compiled by the lead facilitator. All presentations are to be shared with conference participants.

ParticipantsThe workshop brought together representatives of Hivos and Practical Action partner organizations from four East Africa countries as follows:

Kenya – 5 participantsRwanda – 5 Participants

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Tanzania – 5 ParticipantsUganda – 4 participants

In addition, there were 4 Hivos and 8 Practical Action staff members.(See annex for participants list)

Each participant introduced themselves by name and organization. Participants were then challenged each to reflect on “Why are we here?” – Which was to appreciate and share ways to catalyse civil society action to ensure sustainable energy for all.“Our ‘constituency’ is the energy poor in rural and urban areas whose energy needs do not always form part of the government priority”, concluded the facilitator.

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The facilitator challenged participants to each reflect on “Why are we here?” – Which he said was to catalyze civil society action to

ensure sustainable energy for all. “Our ‘constituency’ is the energy poor in rural and urban areas whose energy needs do not always

form part of the government priority”,

Day 1 – October 25, 2012

OPENING REMARKS– MR ECO MATSER,HIVOS

Mr Eco Matser from Hivos, the co-sponsor of the workshop,welcomed everyone to the workshop and thanked the organizers for making it possible for all to attend. He said the UN SE4ALL sounds like an excellent plan but the level of buy-in from civil society has been very low. And that within the discussions at Rio+20, the discussions around SE4All was too small. As a result,Hivos and Practical Action agreed to collaborate to advocate for more recognition for the full range of poor people’s energy needs.

INTRODUCTION & OVERVIEW OF SE4ALL PROCESS FROM A CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE – GRACE MUKASA, REGIONAL DIRECTOR, PRACTICAL ACTIONOverview

Practical Action’s Regional Director, Ms. Grace Mukasa’s presentation, on Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) was framed along the 5 basic questions of What,When,Who,Whereand How of SE4ALL. In particular, the presentation centred on addressing‘How’ civil society can most effectively influence actors and actions in this space.

On the ‘What’, it was pointed out that the SE4ALL Initiative is focused on working with stakeholders to deliver three key objectives by 2030:

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Ms Grace Mukasa Introducing SE4ALL

Ensuring Universal Access to modern energy services Doubling the share of renewableenergy in the global energy mix Doubling the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency

The key outputs of SE4ALL were given as:

Vision Statement Framework for Action Action Agenda (identifies 11 ‘Action Areas’)

The United Nations Secretary General identifies civil society as the ‘third pillar’ to deliver SE4ALL, alongside business and governmentand all three documents highlight the role of Civil Society as crucial and complementary to that of the government.

With respect to ‘When’, which was the timeline of action, the SE4ALL initiative was moving very fast whilst CSOs were not. The question was,“what could CSOs do to make the most of this opportunity”? SE4ALL is a UNSecretary General’s initiative which aroseupon the realization that the MDGs were not going to be met without increased energy access and efficiency. THE SE4ALL initiative is meant to put energy on the international agenda.The timeline are as follows:

September 2011 - SE4ALL Initiative was launched; November 2011 - EC announce ‘Agenda for Change’ – energy priority for

development assistance; April 2012 – SE4ALL Action Agenda launched; June 2012 - Rio +20 – 52 countries endorse SE4ALL, $50b committed from

private sector to the Initiative; September 2012 – launch of ‘operational’ phase of the Initiative (country-

focused); December 2012 – baseline report released (WB-led).

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Key Outputs of SE4ALL

1) Vision Statement2) Framework for Action3) Action Agenda identifying

‘11 Action Areas’

...the current profile of energy access is unprecedented but commitments to

clean, secure and affordable energy do not automatically translate into delivery

for poor

Key Players which form part of the‘Who’are:

National Government is the key player, but is supported by the UN (UNDP, UNEP, UNIDOP), EC (Energy +), GIZ and WB.

The European Commission (EC) talks about energizing development and demonstrating leadership on energy access. They want to prioritize energy access in Sub Sahara Africa and have come up with a new development strategy called the ‘Agenda for Change’ running from 2014 to 2020. They have launched a €50m Technical Assistance Facility (by 2014) and have announced a €500m commitment to ‘concreteenergy access projects’ (also by 2014)

Energy +, which is aNorwegian government initiative to promote energy access and low carbon development. They have already signedcountry agreements with Kenya, Liberia and Ethiopia (At a cost of €150m). The World Bank- Has been leading the development of SE4ALL baseline report and hasestablished a tracking framework to define and monitor progress to 2030.

The ‘Where’, highlights key priority countries

62 countries have actively ‘opted in’ to the SE4ALL Initiative (almost half of which are in sub Saharan Africa). 12 countries have been prioritised as ‘first-movers’ – and 3 are in East Africa:

Kenya

Mozambique

Tanzania

Ghana

Uganda

Burkina Faso

Sierra Leone

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In response to the question; “Are we positioned to take advantage of this?” the presenter posited that the current profile of energy access is unprecedented but commitments to clean, secure and affordable energy do not automatically translate into delivery for poor communities. “Civil society has a role to play in establishing a new energy narrative, one which recognizes the full range of services which poor people want, need and have a right to; and ensuring that this message is reflected in the definition and delivery of energy access at country level”.

September 2012 marked the start of the operational phase. We (CSOs) need to be up to speed to engage this process. Each of the 62 SE4ALL countries has to deliver two outputs in the next 12 months. 1) Gaps analysis and 2) National SE4ALL Implementation plan. Both of these will shape the delivery and definition of energy access in-country for the coming decade.

Practical Action positioning–The‘How’So far, Practical Action engagement with the Initiative includes:

Communications Partner and High Level Group observer

Organized official European launch event for the UN Year of SE4ALL

Hosted official civil society consultation exercises for SE4ALL in Europe

Co-authored official Civil Society Roadmap for the Initiative

Participated in 3 of 10 SE4ALL Country Missions pre Rio +20

Member of World Bank-led Steering Committee for Baseline report

Civil Society Roadmap

Civil society engagement with SE4ALL has not been strategic or systematic. To address this,the Initiative has tasked a group of NGOs, led by Practical Action, to create a ‘Civil Society Roadmap’. This represents a tangible opportunity to help shape how civil society can engage here in Kenya and beyond.

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Recommendations by Practical Action

Practical Action, as a Civil Society Organisation actively engaged in and beyond SE4ALL, makes the following recommendations to help ensure that the potential of the Initiative to provide people with the power to challenge their poverty is realised:

Promote a ‘Service’ rather than ‘Supply’ based approach to energy definition and delivery –A definition of access which is based on household connections to the grid will not end energy poverty. Achieving Universal Energy Access by 2030 will require that we recognise the full range of people’s energy needs, not just at household but also enterprise and community services levels. PA welcomes the standardised multiple-tier definition and tracking approach proposed in the SE4ALL Baseline Report and encourage public and private investment to reflect this by better targeting interventions to people’s multiple energy needs, within and beyond the household context.Increase financing for decentralised solutions – IEA modelling indicates that to reach Universal Energy Access by 2030, 60 per cent of future investment will need to be in mini and off grid solutions. National Plans and the portfolios of donors, multi-laterals and private sector players should, with some urgency, acknowledge the requirement for, and necessity of, decentralised schemes through the creation of new, and expansion of existing, finance windows specifically for mini and off-grid systems.Encourage an Ecosystems understanding of the energy landscape –Over 60 countries have now opted into the SE4ALL Initiative and, in doing so, will be developing Gaps Analyses and National Action Plans to scope out the ways in which they will work towards their 2030 targets. Successful delivery of these National Plans will depend on assessing and addressing the imbalances of policy, finance and capacity. We recommend the use of Practical Action’s Ecosystem Health Index to better measure and integrate the full range of people, organisations, policies, technologies and types of financing that will be necessary to achieve universal access.

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Mainstream and make clear the space for civil society to add value toSE4ALL– Internationally and within the UN, SE4ALL rightly recognises Civil Society as the ‘third pillar’ of the Initiative, alongside business and government. Given the appetite and expertise of civil society, we believe that real engagement, both North and South, could make the difference between SE4ALL genuinely delivering for poor people, or not. We therefore welcome civil society being recognised as an equal partner and, as the Initiative moves into operational phase, recommend that demonstrable efforts are made to enhance engagement and integration of Civil Society Organisations, at both national and international levels.

Discussion –two points were highlighted as follows:

1) Pyramid of Power

To be effective influencers, we need to define which players work on the conceptual projects and players who actually have finance. We need to know who is involved in the energy ecosystem.

We need to reduce the gap of divergence between the views within our organizations, and the views of the government and implementing players. We also need to recognize the areas of convergence.

2) Levels of communication are different

Whenever we are communicating,we should not forgetthat people listen at the intellectual/logical level, emotion/passion level and at ethical/integrity/legacy level.These are also known as Logos, Pathos and Ethos! – Effective communicators tap into all these at alltimes.

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OFFICIAL OPENING - JOHN MAINA; PRINCIPAL RENEWABLE ENERGY OFFICER, MINISTRY OF ENERGY

The Official OpeningRemarks

In the official opening of the workshop, Mr.Maina made the following remarks:

CSOs are expected to come up with good ideas which will support the initiative to implement SE4ALL. Kenya has tried to move this process forward since its inception by showing willingness demonstrated coming up with a Draft Gap Analysis Document.

Assured participants that whatever comes upfrom this workshop will be taken into account. “As we move forward, we have the 2030 blue print. E.g. we say we want to have 15000megawatts. And we need partners to assist us - CSOs can help us mobilize these partners”.

CSOs have better links with the communities and are more in touch with them and as such he was sure that whatever comes out of this session would really be representative of the grassroots. “It is very important to have local input. So I want to imagine that the four countries are in tandem in the process and since we are all in the EAC community we all want to move together so we can say that the East African group has come up with this process that can be implemented at the same time”.

CSOs have better links with the communities and are more in touch with them and I’m sure that whatever comes out of this session will really represent the grassroots. It is very important to have local input.

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Mr John Maina, officiating

Update on SE4ALL Process in Kenya

Mr.Maina went on to give an update of the SE4ALL process in Kenya as follows: The renewable energy department is the house of the SE4ALL process in Kenya. Prior to 2004 Kenya didnot have an energy policy. Despite Kenya’s liberalization of the economy, there was need to keep updating. As such theEnergy Act 2012 is in the offing (as early as the following week).Already Solar and water regulations were gazettedthe previous week.

In summary, other activities include:

Resource assessment

Upgraded high resolution solar and wind resource atlasFeasibility studies on small hydro powerCogeneration feasibility studies

Rural electrification

Extension of the grid; Hybrid off-grid electricity supply systems using both renewable sources and diesel; Solar PV for institutions (schools, health centres) and ready Boards for power supply in slum areas – pre manufactured distribution board (similar to those used in South Africa)

Energy efficiency

Trying to conduct efficiency analysis of industries and water utilitiesPromoting improved institutional stoves (e.g. in discussion with prisons to use human waste to power cooking)Developing Standards for Biogas, Small hydro power and Improved stoves

Gender Mainstreaming including

Gender Audit on energy policy conducted in 2007 with support from Practical Action Eastern Africa; EAETDN- Uganda and ENERGIA International.

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Kenya Power- first energy utility to develop Gender Mainstreaming Strategy in the RegionThe current situation - Energy Access

Majority of households have no access to modern thermal energy services and rely on traditional biomass

In 2006 only 0.6 % and 3.5 % of households were using electricity and gas respectively for cooking of which in urban areas, 1.8 % and 11.9 % of households used electricity and gas respectively for cooking.

In the rural areas, 0.2 % of the households used electricity while 0.7 % used gas

Current situation-Energy Efficiency Study by KIPPRA shows that 70 % of energy consumers do not

practice any efficiency and conservation About 50% and 20% of fuel wood and charcoal users respectively do

not apply any efficiency measuresBarriers to energy efficiency and conservation include;

high costs of introducing technologies inadequate fiscal incentives and credit and financing mechanisms inadequate capacity for enforcement

Current Situation – Renewable Energy The share of renewable electrical energy supplied to the grid in

2010/11 was 68% while 32 % was from fossil fuel The capacity off grid electricity installed is 18 MW and the effective is

14MW. The solar contribution is 40kW while the wind is 500kW The ongoing project target is to introduce 30 % of Renewable Energy

(solar and wind) in existing and planned mini-grids.Problem Statements: Energy Access, Energy Efficiency And Renewable Energy

Very low renewable energy resources potential developed for power generation,total potential is 19, 200MW out of which only 5 % is developed

Declining share of renewable energy in electricity generation due to reduced output from hydro power

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Slow pace of geothermal power development Low penetration of electricity currently at 23 % nationally Over reliance on biomass energy as a source of cooking and heating

fuel, particularly in rural areas Continued use of inefficient firewood and charcoal stoves

SE4ALL Goals: Energy Access To improve the household connectivity from 23% to 40% by 2020 and

100% by 2030; make Kenya kerosene free by 2020 and attain 100% use of improved stoves in institutions by 2020

SE4ALL Goals: Energy Efficiency To increase adoption of efficient charcoal stoves from 50% to 80% by

2020 in urban areas; increase adoption of efficient fuel wood stoves from current 4% to 30% by 2020 and increase the efficiency of the improved charcoal stove from current 30-35% to 45-50% by 2020

SE4ALL GOALS: RENEWABLE ENERGY To achieve 300MW through cogeneration in the sugar industry by the

year 2030; develop 5000MW of geothermal capacity by 2030 To introduce 30% renewal energy tin the existing and planned mini

grids 2020SE4ALL process milestones

Country opt-in; the government of Kenya wrote a letter to New York accepting to participate in SE4All initiative

The Ministry of Energy as the designated government agency to lead the SE4All process, formed a technical committee

In June 2012, UN Resident Coordinator constituted A Task Force for SE4ALL, with R.C as the Chair of the Task Force.

1st draft report of stocktaking and gap analysis of the energy sector completed

Stakeholder validation workshop held on 13th June 2012 Stakeholders volunteered to support fine-tuning the draft report Acquired funds from UNDP to finalize the document

Way forward

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Finalize the stocktaking and gap analysis report by end of December 2012

Embark on preparation of the Country Action Plan and Programmes

Question and Answer Session

Q - What made the Ministry of Energy to focus on renewable energy so much?

A–The initial spark was the low adoption of renewable due not only to cost but mainly lack of awareness among the population. Civil society and private sector participation will help with ownership, validation, stock-taking and fine-tuning the Gap Analysis.

Reflections:Kenyan CSOs were urged by fellow participants to take note of the December 2012 deadline for finalizing the Gap Analysis and to take note of government recognition of the fact that CSOs are closer to the people and ensure the energy views of the poor are brought to the table.

COUNTRY PRESENTATIONS – ROAD TO AND FROM RIO + 20

The purpose of this exercise was to assess the extent to which the different players and stakeholders collaborated to determine their country’s stance and needs for Rio + 20, the national dynamic in terms of stakeholder collaboration, management of diversity in preparation for and in follow-up to Rio + 20.

Tanzania

Tanzania is one of thecountries that haveshown commitment to SE4ALL during the launching of the initiative in Rio.As a first track country, a draft gap analysis report has been prepared with the assistance of UNDP, providing the assessment of the energy sector and identifying priority areas for future action and support. TaTEDO (a participant at the workshop) has consulted UNDP, REA and MEM to find out the status and planned actions. On the 10th October 2012, a stakeholders’ meeting was held at TaTEDO with representatives from MEM, TANESCO, NEMC, COSTECH, TAREA, NGSEN, TaTEDO and REA.After discussions on the deliberations of the SE4ALL, the following were agreed:

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Stakeholders to give comments on the Draft Gap Analysis report.

To form a Sustainable Energy for All Forum led by MEM to support the preparation of the Country Action Plan.

TaTEDO used the opportunity to introduce two related SE4All initiatives:

a) Gender Advocacy towards Energy Access for All.b) SE4All East Africa Civil Society Organizations Energy Advocacy Programme

It was noted, that the two initiatives could provide useful inputs in the process of preparing National Implementation Plan for SE4ALL.TaTEDO and other stakeholders last week participated in the high level Mission of the UN Secretary General Initiative on SE4All to Tanzania.Government with support of UNDP has a short term consultant to help with the process of preparing the Country Action Plan.

Kenya

Sustainable Community Development Services (SCODE), a Kenyan NGO registered in 1996 SCODE is the National convener of the Hivossupported Sustainable Energy for All Regional SE4ALL CSO Initiative: catalysing civil society action to deliver sustainable energy for all in Kenya. Its current activities include market development for Improved Stoves; Domestic Biogas; Solar Energy and it is the focal point of EATDN in Kenya.

Kenya has a technical committee which CSOs are invited to sit in and interact with. In June a stakeholder validation workshop was held to review the draft gap analysis report prepared by the Ministry of Energy, in preparation for the Rio+20 conference. The meetings were called in a hurry and it was very difficult for many CSOs to participate at all or effectively.

Civil Society (through Practical Action) was represented at the NEPAD/UNDP Africa workshop aimed at developing a Africa’s response to SE4ALL and shared CSO experiences in the SE4ALL process while the Ministry of Energy shared Kenya’s experiences in the GAP Analysis process.

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CSO’s gave inputs into the development of Africa tailored guidelines for development of National Action Plans after completion of GAP Analysis

Kenya GAP Analysis is yet to be completed- this offers opportunity for Civil Society engagement in the finalisation of the GAP Analysis and the preparation of the National Implementation Plans.

Since Rio +20 there hasn’t been much interaction with the government on the SE4ALL process. Indeed in this whole planning process CSOs werenot directly involved including in the preparation of the Gaps Analysis document but were invited to participate in a validation workshop at which point it was too late to really shape the process. There is also an assumption that CSOs have the resources to be able to react at last minute and engage in processes at only a few days’ notice.

Response to the Presentation

In response to the Kenya presentation, a couple of questions were posed as follows:

Practical Action - Just because the government hasn’t engaged us since Rio, now that we know that the final draft of the Gap analysis is coming out in December 2012,how do we engage with this process going forward?

CAFOD – how do we as CSOs organize ourselves so that we speak with a unified voice?

Uganda

Pre-Rio preparatory Consultative processes on SE4ALL was carried out and led largely by Government (Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development), UNDP and some NGOs like Climate and Development Initiatives (CDI). Participants at these consultations included officials from government ministries, departments and agencies (MDAs), CSOs, private sector players. And priority areas of focus recommended for Rio included;

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Participants in group work

Mechanisms for pro-poor energy financing Energy technology design, packaging and standardization Mobilization, sensitization and education of grass root communities

to increase awareness on sustainable energy options Supporting CSO and other multi-stakeholder platforms for energy

development and promotion

There have been continuing initiatives post Rio + 20 to catalyze SE4ALL such as:

School greening programmes including promotion of institutional cook stoves and biogas installations (implemented by CSOs and donors like GIZ)

Processes for integrating environmental issues into school curricular in both primary and secondary education

Energy promotion events e.g. National Energy Week, held in September 2012

Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development launched donor supported fundraising drives such as the EEP and Turkish fund for energy development (calls for proposals from CSOs and private sector were placed)

Inceptions and development of project proposals for intending projects led by UNDP and UNCDF including the CleanStart Project, which will focus on financing of energy through credit financial institutions (MFIs and banks) and improving charcoal production (entire value chain)

Other actions implemented by CSOs and private sector include integration of gender and climate changes issues into energy development; energy credit financing drives by companies like Uganda Energy Capitation Company and Private Sector Foundation (PSF).

However, there has not yet been an engaging national feedback session on Rio +20 outcomes. The Govt/CSO/Private sector partnerships though implied in the energy policy framework are still loose and not sustainably grounded in structure and function. This provides an opportunity for CSOs to provide a stimulus to this

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We have been going to the table with the government but with bare hands mostly. We have often had no data

and not even any mandate or message from the community.

partnership by establishment of a strong national CSO platform to advocate for S/E. this however requires data, systems and catalytic funding

Rwanda

There is a space for CSOs in Rwanda that has been created but it is unused. Rwanda has a sector wide approach being put in place for natural resources, and

civil society is invited to be part of that to influence and monitor the development agenda of natural resources and energy issues.

Only 4% of the population is covered by electricity. And 57% of power is from wood. In April this year there was a government retreat that emphasized the importance of energy of

any and every development goal the Rwandan government has. Energy has been defined as the main driver of development, which provides an important avenue for civil society to engage with the government.

SE4ALL plans and commitments have been domesticated through the sector plans that we have in Rwanda. I think the government has been ‘pulling’ civil society instead of civil society being proactive. We have been going to the table with the government but with bare hands mostly. We have often had no data and not even any mandate or message from the community that is going directly to thegovernment. The government has even been providing facilities including funding for small community initiatives and tax exemptions sopeople can afford energy facilities. However there are many issues that remain and my feeling is that it is because civil society hasn’t been proactive or strong. Through the EPI (The economic development and poverty reductions strategy)thegovernment is making sure that energy will be at the heart of development in Rwanda. Bu the government is thinking like a government and alternative ideas or proposals such as making it really pro poor have not come to the fore.

There were meetings by civil society organizations in efforts to make a follow up to the Rio+20. Some civil society organizations are engaged in energy service

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delivery in various communities and participate in energy sector working group meetings with the government, where they contribute to the formulation of energy policies and strategies.

There is a need for a meaningful engagement of CSOs for the development of SE4ALL action plan, CSOs need more capacity to get organized and increase their confidence for effective advocacy; to carry out research in order to engage in evidence-based advocacy and programming,Coordination and building synergies amongst civil society actors is still a challenge.

No SE4ALL gap analysis has been conducted this far, so the civil society can play a role to trigger the process and make it public; and improve its partnership with the donor community and the private sector organizations engaged in the SE4ALL process. CSOs can play a key role in the development of the SE4ALL action plan; engage the population in the SE4ALL implementation plan

Lessons

All the countries are at the early stage where pro-activity is what is needed from civil society to either cause the Gap Analysis to get underway (Rwanda and Uganda), finalise the draft (Kenya) and fine-tune the analysis and move the Action planning forward (Tanzania).

Time frames are tight (Kenya) and CSOs need to mobilize people and resources as participation is not cheap and there is not likely to be a lot of lead time when meetings are call, hence the need to be ready at all times.

NATIONAL SITUATION, MAPPING OUT CURRENT STATUS INCLUDING DECISION MAKING AND IMPLEMENTATION PROCESSES AT COUNTRY LEVEL

The objective of this working group session was to get a good overview of the situation in each country regarding the SE4ALL status and, especially the policy environment.

Each group was tasked to discuss most important improvements of the current thinking and preparation of the SE4ALL plans that are needed in their country,

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a) Map out the national process for national implementation plan (important moments, opportunities for influencing)

b) List most important stakeholders (government organizations, research institutes, private sector, media etc.)

c) Complete a power analyses especially for the SE4ALL implementation plan. See also results from last year workshop

In reporting back, participants were asked to focus on the following:

Three issues they want to focus on (improvements needed) Three stakeholders they want to target Three moments for influencing they want to act on

National Situation - Kenya

IMPROVEMENTS NEEDED MOMENTS FOR INFLUENCING

STAKEHOLDERS

While government is more focused on energy generation, there is openness towards embracing an ecosystems approach.

Commitment to 100% access to SE4ALL households by 2030 must address affordability and total energy access

Need to balance the focus on grid electricity with the other forms of Renewable Energy

Need to focus on energy access for the poor in the move towards industrialization

Financing mechanism should include micro & small enterprises.

The recognition of the role of CSOs in enhancing energy access for the

Now (Nov. &Dec. 12) is the time to engage with the draft GAP Analysis before it is presented in December 2012 and Action Plans are embarked on.

CSO can also engage with the ongoing consultations on the draft national energy policy

Engage with the Ministry of Energy to get the calendar of events

There is need to create a forum for coordination of SE4All activities

Need to ensure that all energy is embraced at the all levels in the new government.

Government (semi- supportive) and very influentialDonors – supportive and very influential

Renewable Energy Practitioners supportive but not influential

Consumers – supportive but not influential (COFEK has potential to influence)

CSO – supportive but non-influential

Parliamentary committees – can be supportive and influential

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poor need to make them more vibrant in advocacy

Need for a seat for Energy CSOs on policy making organs of the govt.

National Situation –Uganda

IMPROVEMENTS NEEDED OPPORTUNITIES STAKEHOLDERS

Uganda’s focus currently is on oil and gas other than renewable energy which was booming in the last ten years. There is need to bring back the agenda of renewable energy.

SE4ALL is lacking a framework which needs to be backed up by a strategic plan.

No standard for renewable energies (except for Solar) limits the financing component.

There is need to redefine the methodology of engagement of civil society.

Civil society can lead on the agenda for renewable energy, Civil society has the opportunity to influence the gap analysis. There is an opportunity to engage the wider civil society sector.

Need better ways of getting information out of the government and ministry of energy;Parliamentary committee on natural resources and climate change issues;Ministry of water and environment;Uganda national bureau of standards;Donors – UNDP, WB, GIZ, HIVOS; Research institutions; Key financial institutions;Formal and informal energy entrepreneurs, such as retailers and jua kali people;Energy associations and networks.

National Situation - Tanzania

IMPROVEMENTS NEEDED MOMENTS FOR INFLUENCE

MAIN STAKEHOLDERS

Need to increased awareness of Preparation of the gap Government

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SE4ALL – even some members of the government aren’t aware of it.

Key stakeholders need to be brought into the process

Country Action Plan (CAP) – the gap analysis needs to be completed and the government needs to own it.

Implementation of the CAP

Important to involve the local private sector.

analysis

Preparation of the CAP

Review of the new Energy Policy, Strategy, Legislation

Civil society – from diverse backgrounds

Private Sector

Multi-lateral and bilateral organizations

Consumer federations

National Situation –Rwanda

AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT MOMENTS FOR INFLUENCE

STAKEHOLDERS

Raise awareness of SE4ALLConduct a gap analysis on energy in an inclusive wayBuild civil society capacity to engage effectively in SE4ALL process

Active engagement of CSOs in the regular energy sector working group meetings

The November 2012 government and development partners retreat

The development partners and the government of Rwanda meeting in December 2012

UN agenciesWorld BankRURAEWASARDBMININFRRAMINECOFINMINELA Civil society and private sectorDevelopment partners

Emerging Consensus

In each country there are clear outstanding issues, opportunities and moments to engage and stakeholders to target.

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For some, CSOs need to take the initiative while for others the need is to strengthen capacity to engage.

In Rwanda, an opt-in but not fast track country, the priority is to get the process underway and Civil Society (with the workshop participants as the nucleus) is best placed to kick-start the process.

In Tanzania, the critical gap is on creation of awareness and enhancing ownership of SE4ALL process even among government MDAs.

In Uganda, the critical gap is the imbalance in the focus on oil against renewable energy, which civil society should spearhead.

In Kenya, the critical gap is to ensure that sustainable energy for Document when it is finalised in December 2012. Time to engage is very short.

In each case, a clear strategy, division of roles and responsibilities and targeting are needed for CSOs to becomeindispensible players.

INTRODUCTION TO REGIONAL SE4ALL, PROGRESS AND OPPORTUNITIES: MR. OLA ALTERA UNIDO

Mr. Altera’s presentation focused on the following: THE SE4ALL has placed energy issues on the highest level in the international agenda. By this initiative it is mobilizing more focus and resources in the global system. It started at a very top level and as very political initiative. So it’s not just another project, it’s more of an umbrella. It’s changing the energy agenda.

Traditionally governments and donors were more focused on bigger energy infrastructure projects, partly because they are easy to manage. Grid expansion is important, yet it will take decades in areas like this, to expand it far enough to get

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Mr Ola Altera - UNIDO

universal energy access. So we need to focus on alternatives, which I think isbeginning to take hold in the UN system.

SE4ALL has taken a multi stakeholder approach from the beginning which is quite unusual. Governments cannot mobilize the finance themselves, so they need to co-opt the private sector.

Because it came from more of a political back ground SE4ALL didn’t have the financial or project foundations that you might normally expect, which is what is leading to it taking longer for it to be felt on the ground.

At UNIDO, the green agenda is quite strong. In particular, it is interested in energy for productive uses. It is important to move from the household level to something that increases the welfare for people.

What is the process of the road map?

I. Countries ‘opt-in’ – voluntarily decide to be involved, which takes timeII. Then they identify the gaps (stock-taking), which if done anticipatorily, takes

even more timeIII. Then create action plansIV. And then engage partners to fill the gaps

Therefore, even when processes have seemed slow, they haven’t, in reality, been that slow.

Discussion:

In response to a question of how in reality Civil Society is the “third pillar”, Mr. Altera reiterated that civil society has been there for a long time and is only being reinforced by the Secretary General.

SE4ALL is one concrete outcome of Rio+20. The share of renewable may be large but it is not all sustainable or clean

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ENGAGING WITH GAPS ANALYSIS USING AVAILABLE COUNTRY ASSESSMENT AND GAP ANALYSIS REPORTSThe purpose forthis exercise was to provide participants with a hand-on analysis of an existing national Gaps Analysis Document. To assess:

Whether gaps have been well identified

Which additional gaps exists The extent to which issues of CSO constituency are addresses i.e. issues of

the poor

Since only one country report (Kenya) was available, it was the basis for the group work in which participants were divided into three groups to focus on Access, Efficiency and Renewable energy. The task was competitive with a panel of 3 deciding the winner.

Gaps Analysis report back – Energy Efficiency

Gaps identified

High cost of energy efficient technologies needs to be addressed in order to increase uptake by the poor

Need for creating Enforcement of standards/regulations/codes of practice Inadequate fiscal incentives Lack of appropriate financing mechanisms

Additional gaps

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The UN has immense convening power, but it is not nearly enough. People on the ground, represented by civil society, matter very much

See by government from a monetary perspective: savings on investment and power generation capacity

Government policy needs to link impact of energy efficiency on the quality of life which in turn leads to better education health food security improved gender equity improved socio-economic well being

Projected growth figure not provided to provide justification for the demand on new investment

Need to assess the impact of improving energy efficiency to gender equity

Inefficient production technologies – e.g. heat loss for diesel powered energy systems

Include NEMA as an important stakeholder Lack of government capacity to ensure energy efficiency Limited skills at all levels in energy efficiency Need for political goodwill towards enhance energy efficiency as well

as energy access Lack of energy efficiency requirements in the building codes Need for smart incentives to consumers to adopt energy efficient

technologies.

Bringing additional gaps on board for SE4ALL

Emphasize the importance of gaps in energy efficiency- supported by data – during the consultative processes

Provide evidence on impacts on education, health, gender, to expand government perspective on energy efficiency.

Gaps Analysis - Renewable EnergyThe group didn’t disagree with the listing of the renewable energy sources.

However when the individual ones were considered they were talking about centralized large scale production, not household domestic use. If you consider it critically, they talk about biogas but that using municipal waste – i.e. large scale. When they talk about solar it is the opposite, they talk about homestead solar but not large scale solar farms, nor do they talk about solar cookers, just solar lighting.

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We can use wind for decentralized energy production in places where there is no expectation of the grid being extended any time soon.

More generally there is no logical flow in the document.

For better pro poor outcomes, the different technologies need to be grouped as such, i.e. centralized energy v domestic,so that a reader is aware of the effects of different technologies on the poor.

Gaps Analysis – Energy Access Inadequate financial resources Inadequate project lead time Lack of human capacity Low access to modern electricity and fuels High energy prices and appliances Inadequate availability of modern energy, efficiency ICS market just around

urban and peri-urban Unsustainable use of

biomass

What has been left out?

Low awareness on modern energy access benefits etc

The requirement of financing models at different levels

The requirement of skill development at different levels Discussions on the extensive use of human energy (muscle power) in

the rural areas The requirement of different marketing/disseminationstrategy for

different target groups Dependence on biomass resources (wood and charcoal) for SMEs Energy access concept - not adequately defined.

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Some of the Participants in session

Institutional capacity and framework – at different levels – actors/linkages; experiences/information sharing

Lessons and key issues arising The group on Efficiency was judged to be the winner because it best articulated how efficiency can be made relevant to energy needs of the poor.

Day 2–October 26, 2012

The day’s proceedings started with a recap ofthe previous day’s work in which the three areas of energy access, efficiency and renewable were highlighted as was the key action areas of Gap Analysis and Action Planning.

NEPAD WORKSHOP, GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLANS – Lydia Muchiri

NEPAD held a workshop last month to engage with the issues of National Implementation Plans for SE4ALL in Africa. It was agreed that each country’s implementation plan should build on existing national projects, in order to be as economic as possible, but should also reflect the global goals of SE4ALL. The importance of having specific timelines (2015/2020/2030/…) was repeatedly emphasized.

In order to get the best possible results there is a need for clear linkages, both vertical and horizontal –through institutional arrangements, e.g. NEPAD, UNDP, etc, but also through engaging a variety of stakeholders and key actors such as civil society. There is also a need to reconcile targets and goals at the RECs level with those at country level. In addition issues such as gender mainstreaming need to be taken into consideration in order to make sure marginalized groups are not left behind.

Evaluation of programs will also be a significant part of achieving SE4ALL outcomes and should prioritize expected Impacts (social, economic, environmental, financial etc); Sustainability; and Regional dimension/synergies.

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Country Specific Action Planning (Country Group Work)National Action Plan TanzaniaTo influence the national GAP analysis and CAP, the CSO group representative came up with the following Action Plans:

Mission

Ensure all national policies and strategies as well as other related initiatives, including financing, contribute to SE4ALL through continuous lobbying and advocacy.

Major Objective

Work with key stakeholders to ensure the achievement of the 3 primary goals of the SE4ALL.

Energy access for all by 2030

Doubling the efficiency by which energy is used

Doubling the renewable energy contribution in the national energy mix.

National Priority

Influence national development priorities, such as MKUKUTA, Kilimo Kwanza, etc, to contribute to SE4ALL. National Workshops – to scrutinize and influence documents before they are passed into law and/or action.

Key Interventions for the achievement of SE4ALL in Tanzania

Review of National Energy Policy (Overall strategy, legal & regulatory framework, programs)

- Renewable energy policy

- Biomass energy strategy – solid biomass energy policy

- Rural energy master plan

- Country action plan for the clean cook-stoves and fuels alliance (CCFAT)

- Gap analysis

- National implementation plan

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Other important initiatives to be scrutinized and/or influenced

- Low carbon emissions development

- Lighting Rural Tanzania

- Sustainable energy for all

- East African energy access strategy

- Coal powered power plant

- Geothermal

- Hydro power

- Wind

The Tanzanian group also drew a logic model articulating 2 main focus areas(Refer to Presentation); 2 main objectives; 12 planned activities and 12 outputs. The logic model also shows the inputs they are going to need, which are people, time and money; a 12 months implementation schedule (Gantt Chart); 2 groups of those responsible for delivering the plan, which are TaTedo, DAS, UmemeJua, Gender and other CSOs; and a budget of €17 870-00 to deliver their 12 months plan.Tanzania Action Plan was quite developed. Moving forward, important steps include:Sharing the Action Plan within the respective organisations as soon as the participants return to base and at the National Workshop for broader buy-in. Identifying the funding gap for the Plan beyond what is available from HIVOS and aggressively raising the resources in order to maintain the momentum.Lead agencies to provide the necessary leadership and ensure there is a tight M&E mechanism to ensure the Plan stays on course.

National Action Plan - KenyaGoal

Delivery of sustainable energy to the poor in Kenya in line with the SE4ALL global initiative

Objectives

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- To strengthen CSO in Kenya to actively participate and influence policy planning and implementation on SE4ALL

- Coordinate lobby actions between CSOs at the county and national levels to advocate for sustainable energy

ActivitiesIdentify ongoing national government processes

- GAP analysis ; NIP; National energy policy and Bill; ongoing petroleum/geothermal/wind exploratory activities; CC Action plan & Act; incorporate energy within the new political dispensation at the national & county levels (after March 2013); influence tax regimes and budgeting on RE in the Treasury

- Conduct a scoping study

- Identify key events (MOE GAP analysis process Nov 2012)

- Identify key policy makers (PANERREC)

- Agree on how we engage

- Identify who does what and when

National workshop for CSO: - Preparatory Activities (1 month), Nov 2012

- Identify key CSO actors ensuring adequate county and cross sectoral representation

Review SEFA commitments in SSA & EA and identify opportunities for influencing

- resource allocation

- awareness creation

- Developing synergies between various programmes

Review Country Profiles to: - Analyze national energy targets from renewable energy that will meet pro-poor needs

- Harmonize Vision 2030 to ensure Renewable Energy flagship projects address the needs of the poor (e.g. decentralized energy systems v/s centralized)

Engage with country policy processes

- Engage with plans to promote bioenergy such as

Sustainable charcoal production

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Sustainable biofuels

ICS standards development and enforcement

Briquetting

Conduct Pro poor Energy Hearings

- Identify messages from communities

- Enable the poor to voice their issues

Conduct consultative meetings with energy stakeholders (CSOs, line ministries etc.)

- Develop and disseminate policy briefs

Interactions with UN institutions (UNDP, UNIDO,UNEP, UN Habitat, UN Women etc)

- Influence advocacy forums using common messages on total energy access

- Support CSO Engagement with government

- Create space for CSO participation on SE4ALL in UN forums

Conduct media campaigns to

- Develop advocacy messages and materials

- Mobilize media participation

- Create public awareness

Mobilize the Private Sector - Map key private sector actors

- Develop a common front to lobby for an enabling environment that enables private contribution to promote sustainable energy

- To invest in pro-poor energy technology, financing and services

The Kenya group then presented an implementation plan, detailing their activities, the target audience, Resources, Responsibilities and timeline.

The immediate steps for Kenya should be to build on the gap analysis already undertaken by Helen of Practical Action, the workshop working groups’ exercises and identify key gaps and issues and negotiating position in readiness for the December 2012 meeting to finalise the Gaps Analysis Document by The Government of Kenya and its partners.

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Along the strategy of micro targeting, it will enhance the cause of the Kenya Group to arrange a meeting with Mr John Maina, the Official who opened the workshop, to upraise him of the outcomes of the workshop and seek his support for a place at the table when the government is finalising the Gap Analysis Report and the rest of the process leading to the submission of the National Action Plan to the UN Secretary General in September 2012.

National Action Plan - RwandaGuiding Principles

Universal access to energy (with emphasis to the most vulnerable population)

Easy to use and community based energy technologies

Awareness raising for effective and efficient participation of the population in managing energy facilities and services

Emphasis need to be put more on renewable sources of energy

Energy for all needs to be environmental friendly

Overall Goal

The civil society of Rwanda is strategically positioned to ensure that the SE4ALL goals create an enabling environment for equitable economic development and poverty reduction in Rwanda

Specific Goals Output Activities

To catalyze the participation of CSOs in the formulation of Rwanda country Action Plan that responds to the community needs and

National workshop organized

TORs for the GAP Analysis with CSOs inputs developed

A SE4AL action plan developed

Resource mobilized

Coalition of civil society organizations put in place

Map out various actors and stakeholders in the energy sector

Organize partners’ engagement meetings

Participate in the formulation of the terms of reference for the Energy for All GAP Analysis

Develop civil society position papers regarding SE4ALL and use them for policy

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priorities with regard to SE4 All goals

Civil society engagement framework developed

dialogues

Provide contributions through alternative civil society SE4ALL action plans

Ensure effective civil society participation in the implementation of the SE4ALL Action Plan

Key areas of intervention for civil society identified

Necessary resource for civil society engagement mobilized

Civil society capacities enhanced for effective engagement

Establish a civil society coalition for coordination and harmonization purposes

Develop a civil society common framework for engagement that meets our vision and mission, and expected development outcomes

Identify key actions to be undertaken by the civil society to deliver energy services to the community

Identify and implement capacity building actions for civil society organizations based on identified gaps/needs

Develop a strategy for mobilizing funds for SE4ALL

Monitor and play an advocacy role throughout the action plan implementation process

The common M&E framework in place

Advocacy events organized and influence development outcomes

Active participation of community members is ensured

Civil society advocacy papers developed and used to influence for positive changes

Communication strategy put in place

Develop a M&E framework for civil society engagement to monitor the government action regarding SE4ALL commitments

Develop communication tools and materials

Carry out surveys/studies for advocacy purposes

Organize advocacy events based on research findings

Organize community meetings for creation of awareness and participation

Carry out regular monitoring activities

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Rwanda Road Map with Timelines

National workshop organized by end of November 2012

Coalition in place by mid November 2012

TORs in place by January 2013

Gap analysis and action plan by June 2013

Final Action plan August 2013

Submission of the Action plan by September 2013

Discussions on way forward by September 2013

Rwanda Group’s immediate priority will be to secure seed funding (from Practical Action and other sources) to ensure that it implements its plan without delay.

In this regard, the group should meet with Kigali-based development partners and the relevant UN Bodies to discuss their action plan and identify what funding pots are available from the agencies already committed to supporting SE4ALL and how they might tap into it into them in the short run.

National Action Plan - UgandaContextual factors:

Political climate Focus is on oilThere is a favourable renewable energy policy environmentFreedom for CSOs to participateRegional integration is an enhancing factor

Economic climate Economic regional integrationBiomass as the dominant energy source Economic down turnFree market ideology prevailsHigh cost of energy technologies

Social Climate Gender imbalance with women suffering more the burden of poor energy servicesIncreasing scarcity of poor people’s energy Low access to improved energy Other social services taking attention away from SE

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Goal/Impacts: Energy accessibility has increased from 10%-15%; the percentage for renewable has risen from 4%-15%

Policy Goal: Increase the use of modern renewable energy; influence standards in key energy technologies

InputsAdvocacy capacity Skills development in advocacy

Awareness creation on SE4ALL and NEPAD processesStaffing Project Implementation Team/Committee

Develop and refine roles and responsibilitiesInfrastructure development

Establish a secretariat to coordinate advocacy actions

Preparation and Planning

Developing an action plan with concise timelines, roles and responsibilities including monitoring mechanisms for each action plan

Activities Inception meetingConsultative meetings with energy actorsDesk review of national energy policies, strategies, programmes and plansMap and profile key stakeholder in the energy sector and success stories as promoted by energy actorsDevelop and pre-test advocacy tools and materialsConvening a consultative meeting with stakeholdersHold mass media campaigns such as talk shows, articles and leaflets and social mediaDevelop and distribute policy briefs and newsletters targeting international donor community, policy makers, financial institutions and private investorsHold a gap analysis workshop with key stakeholder

Key stakeholdersGovernment MEMD, MWE, MOES, MAAIF, MGLSD, ERA, REA, UNBS, MDAs,

Local GovernmentsParliament Parliamentary CommitteesDonors UNDP, GIZ, othersNon-State Actors

CSOs/CBOs, Private Sector actors such as Business Suppliers e.g. super markets, Scrap industry, Artisans and masons media, Community, Faith-Based Organisations, popular cultural groups – drama, music, etc

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Interim Outcomes

Organizational capacity Come up with country advocacy committee Skills in advocacyDiversified funding sources Energy issues high on the agenda(Energy mainstreamed) in Government,

CSO, private sector programme. Attitude change among different actors New advocates brought on board

Faith based organizations

Potential partners

Private sector(private sector foundation, Ugastove , UMA, Uganda small scale associations, Juakali (artisans)

Trader Association (Kacita)

Donors e.g. GIZ , Norwegian government , UNDP, SNV, Govt of Turkey, HIVOS etc...

Other CSOS in energy ,environment and education

Min. Of education

Audiences

Grass root communities

Elected officials e.g. parliament committee, local govt elected leaders, district and lower local governments

Public administrators e.g. commissioners, heads of departments, technical officials at lower local governments.

Political donors

Danida , Norad ,SIDA,DFID

Specific constituencies

Women activists e.g. ACFODE, FOWADE, Uganda Debt network

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As an immediate next step, the Uganda Group is to refine the 1 year plan, identify the highest impact targets in the SE4ALL process and focus attention on how to influence them. Obvious ones include the relevant UN bodies, the relevant government ministry and the relevant Committees of Parliament.

Sharing the outcomes of the workshop and ensuring the national workshop is well organised and involves the key target players is also an important next step.

Outline of the proposed process after theworkshop – Eco MatserThere will be follow up national workshops. Although Hivos has provided some small funding, organizations need to get out there and raise more money so they can be in the best position and have the fullest capacity to do strong advocacy work.

Closing Remarks -Poor People at centre of CSO SE4ALL Advocacy - Grace Mukasa In her closing remarks, the Regional Director of Practical Action Grace Mukasa said “questions we always need to be asking ourselves when considering National Implementation Plans for energy access are, is it; Accessible; Affordable; Renewable? Does it meet diverse needs? (TEA, Productive, Communal) Is it Sustainable? What are its impacts on Climate change mitigation and adaptation?”

There is need to also ask questions about more than the energy projects and consider the processes which are involved in implementing SE4ALL. Are there Pro- Poor energy hearings? Are there poor people at the policy table? Are policy makers getting out into the field? Are there pro-poor energy products (PS/Business)? Are there pro-poor financing products (PS/Business)?

But how does civil society meaningfully engage in influencing the SE4ALL process?

Firstly we need to move away from being ad hoc and we need to get organized, we need to avoid a sense of ambush! And that means planning and strategizing. We need to stop being so fragmented and get coordinated so we can form a credible critical mass. But we also need to engage with governments in a way that

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generates government goodwill: Use a persuasive communications approach, be critical but don’t attack. E.g. “Current electricity projects are good but not sufficient to meet all needs….” “Very happy for the consultation but we would add even more value with some extra time to prepare and consult more….”

Strategies include a wide range of ways to engage with government. When they are being closed you need to infiltrate/ and gather policy intelligence. When you are invited you need to work out how to maximize your opportunity in a space where the government is in control. But you can also create opportunity – create your own events and meetings and then you will have more control and more space to negotiate. You also need to consider who can be your allies in influencing the government – different UN agencies (not only do they have clout they also have resources) the media (don’t just think about journalists – get editors on board)

What does civil society need in order to advocate and influence effectively?

Awareness raising & Training Financing (participation has a cost! National Participation is costly!) –

What’s your Strategy? Leadership and Coordination structures – plan, mobilize, organize,

act… Access to policy data/information in real time Knowledge generation and Dissemination CBOs missing in action? (Grassroots organizing) Clear policy Action Plan Passion!

Her final words to the workshop participants were; “Go and Cough and let everyone catch the SE4ALL cold” – in a positive sense.

Closing – Lead FacilitatorIn closing the lead facilitator highlighted the fact that energy is central to sustainable development and poverty reduction efforts. It affects all aspects of development. Everyone needs to internalize the lessons of this workshop and

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think about how to action them in their own countries, in order to make sure energy access programs are meeting the needs of the poorest people in their countries. Harness each other’s strengths in order to have the greatest impact.

There will be disappointments, but you need to get up, get up and try again!

In reviewing the workshop objectives it was agreed that they had all been met.

Conclusions and recommendationsDifferent countries in the East Africa sub-region are at different stages of executing the SE4ALL roadmap. But there seems to be desire by countries in the region to move together as East African group. This dictates that Civil Society improves its own coordinated action within the East African sub-region.

The environment and capacity of CSOs to engage with the other two SE4ALL ‘pillars’ varies across countries but opportunities exist in each country and within the region if CSOs are ready to take them.

While the need for funding for governments is recognised, CSO participation is not cost free and also needs to be supported. It is generally accepted that if SE4ALL is to be realised CSOs must champion opportunities for the poor since energy is the catalyst/foundation for meeting all MDGs.

There is need to establish a new energy narrative reflected in the definition and delivery of energy at country level. Civil society has a role to play in establishing this new narrative, one which recognizes the full range of services which poor people want, need and have a right to.

In different countries, emphasis is on different aspects of energy. For example, in Uganda it is in oil, in Kenya oil and geothermal, while in Tanzania it is on gas. A lot of emphasis is on national grid whereas the poor are off those grids. Energy for the poor is largely focused on lighting to the disregard of other needs such as cooking. In countries such as Uganda, there are no standards for renewable energy except for solar power, making it extra difficult to attract the needed investment.

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CSOs that are effective actors are those that are pro-active, always staying ahead of the game, not just waiting to be invited; they are prepared at all times as most meetings tend to be called in a hurry; are constructive (always coming up with concrete proposals worthy of the attention of the other stakeholders and demonstrative of the intimate knowledge of their constituencies – the energy poor). They are evidence based (with data regarding energy poverty among its constituency).They also have a clear theory of change firmly rooted in local realities.

There is now a window for the ‘Third Pillar’ to prove that it can engage and engender change. HIVOS and Practical Action partners should become the nucleus of this CSO engagement in SE4ALL Initiative. During the national workshops planned for November 2012, each country team create a national forum/platform committed to engage around SE4ALL Initiative. This should be well resourced and facilitated.

HIVOS and Practical Action should facilitate the formulation of a joint fundraising proposal based on a compelling case for a visible and effect ‘Third Pillar’ at country and EAC level to be marketed at country and international level. A clear strategy to engage donors which have already made commitments to SE4ALL for East Africa should be targeted. Perhaps HIVOS and PA should consider supporting a staffer to support country partners to do the legwork on this.

During the national workshop, the most promising donors should be wooed to put in resources into this process to enable CSOs do a good job.

A mechanism for regular communication should be set up to enable Practical Action and HIVOS provide their partners with the necessary stimulation and backstopping and for partner organizations to share and mutually encourage one another. A monthly call/Skype or so should be instituted to run between now and September 2013 at least.

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Annexure

Programme

Regional Workshop:

Catalyzing Civil Society Action to Deliver Sustainable Energy For All

25-26 October 2012,Silver Springs Hotel, Nairobi

DAY ONE – SE4ALL at global, regional and national scale

Time Activity Person to present

08:30 – 08:45

Opening (welcome, objectives workshop, cooperation Hivos and PA)

EcoMatser (HIVOS)

08:45 - 09.00 Introductions All

09:00 –09:45 Introduction to and overview of SE4ALL process - from a Civil Society perspective

Grace Mukasa (Practical Action)

09:45 – 10.00

Q&A All

10:00 – 10:30

Health Break

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10:30 – 10:50

Update on SE4ALL process in Kenya

Official Opening of Workshop

Mr John Maina (Ministry of Energy)

11:00-11:30 Country presentations on the road to and from Rio+ 20 (Pre-conference preparations indicating the processes, relationships/partnerships and the consensus or lack of the different players (with a Q & A session)

Country Representatives– John Maina (SCODE), EstomiSawe (TaTEDO) Joseph Bwanika (EAETDN-U); Rwanda

11:30 – 12.30

National situation, map out current status including decision making and implementation processes at country level (Do a power analysis – government, Development Partners, PVT Sector and CSOs, media, etc.)

Working groups per country

12:30 - 13:30 Lunch break

13.30-14:30 Report back on the National Situation group work session

Plenary

14.30-15:00 Introduction to regional SE4ALL progress and opportunities (gap analyses, national implementation plans, likely funding/activities at national and regional level)

Mr Ola Altera (UNIDO)

15.00-15.15 Tea break

15:15 – 16:15

HANDS-ON: Engaging with a Gaps Analysis using available country assessment and gap analysis reports

Plenary

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16:15 -17:00 Health Break

17.00 – 18:00

Develop national advocacy strategies:

Identify, Analyse and Prioritise national targets, threats and opportunities

Working groups (facilitator-led)

18.00 Close and later communal dinner

DAY TWO – Action to achieve Sustainable Energy for All

Time Activity Person to present

08:30 – 08:45 Recap day 1 Warren Nyamugasira (Facilitator)

08:45 – 09:30 NEPAD Guidelines Lydia

09:30 – 10:30 Country Specific Action Planning (Group work)

Grace Mukasa (Practical Action) Paul Chege (Practical Action) EcoMatser (Hivos)

10:30 – 11:00 Coffee break

11:00 – 12:30 Country Specific Action Planning Continued

12.30-13.30 Lunch break

13.30-15.00 Report back on Group Work Working Group

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Representatives

15.00-15.30 Tea break

15.30-16.00 Outline of the proposed process after this workshop plus Q&A

Eco Matser (Hivos)

16.00-16:30 Going forward Grace Mukasa

16:30-17:00 Identify principles which should be reflected in all National Implementation Plans to deliver sustainable energy for all

Warren Nyamugasira (Facilitator)

17.00 Close

List of Participants

Attendees Organisation Country Email address

Wilfred Kipondya UnemeJua Tanzania wkipondya@gmail.com

EstomiSawe TaTEDO Tanzania energy@tatedo.org

Rosemary Sago NGSEN Tanzania nngsen@yahoo.com

Dennis Tessier ART Tanzania dennis@arti-africa.org

Dr. Robert Otsyina DAS Tanzania rotsyina@gmail.com

Timothy Byakola CDI Uganda cdi@inforce.org

RitahNakanwagi UGEN Uganda info@energynetworkuganda.org

HellenGakwaya IRDI Uganda irdi@irdiuganda.org

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Joseph Bwanika EAETDN-U Uganda josephbwanika@yahoo.co.uk

James Wakaba GVEP Kenya james.wakaba@gvepinternational.org

John Maina SCODE Kenya mainascode@yahoo.com

Guy Dekelver SNV Kenya gdekelver@snvworld.org

Agnes Akithikii Cafod Kenya akithikii@cafod.or.ke

Andrew Amadi KCCWG Kenya andy.amadi@gmail.com

Hiwote TeshomePractical Action Rwanda

Hiwote.Teshome@practicalaction.or.ke

Christine Namuwonge

Safer Rwanda Rwanda Christine@saferrwanda.org

EdouardMunyamaliza

Rwanda CSOPlatform Rwanda rwandacsplatform@gmail.com

Catherine Uwamariya

World Vision Rwanda catherine_uwamariya@wvi.org

Jean B Ntahompagaze

Vi Agroforestry Rwanda jbaptistentaho@yahoo.fr

Grace MukasaPractical Action Kenya Grace.Mukasa@practicalaction.or.ke

Paul ChegePractical Action Kenya Paul.Chege@practicalaction.or.ke

Lydia MuchiriPractical Action Kenya Lydia.Muchiri@practicalaction.or.ke

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Edwina Fingleton-Smith

Practical Action Kenya Edwina.Smith@practicalaction.or.ke

Hannah Wanjiru Practical Action Kenya

Hannah.Wanjiru@practicalaction.or.ke

Emmanuel CyoyPractical Action Kenya Emmanuel.cyoc@practicalaction.or.ke

Kennedy Mayende Practical Action Kenya

Kennedy.Mayende@practicalaction.or.ke

Tameezan Wa Gathui

Practical Action Kenya

Tameezan.gathui@practicalaction.or.ke

Eco Matser HivosNetherlands eco.matser@hivos.nl

Sophia Kagendo Hivos Kenya s.kagendo@hivos.or.ke

Samuel Ndonga Hivos Kenya sndonga@hivos.or.ke

WinestoneShivachi Hivos Kenya wshiachi@hivos.or.ke

Warren Nyamugasira Facilitator Uganda warren.nyamugasira@one.org

John MainaMinistry of Energy Kenya mainajkm@yahoo.com

Dickson V. KisuaMinistry of Energy Kenya dicisua@yahoo.co.uk

Edwin I. Nateminya UNDP Kenya ingosi.edwin@yahoo.com

Timothy Ranja UNDP Kenya timothy.ranja@undp.org

Agatha Ngotho STAR Kenya wamaitha2uc@yahoo.com

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