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Year 8 Homework Booklet

Autumn Term Romans & Transatlantic Slave Trade

Homework

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Autumn 1-Task 1: Roman Army

To improve you need to:

Autumn 1-Task 2: What did the Romans do for us?


Autumn 1-Task 3: Roman London


Autumn 1-Task 4: Local History


Autumn 2-Task 5: Africa before the slave trade


Autumn 2-Task 6: Slave auction


Autumn 2-Task 7: Abolition of slave trade


Autumn 2-Task 8: The rise and fall of the British Empire


Student reflection:

I have completed some most all of the homework tasks to an unsatisfactory satisfactory good excellent standard.

Next term I need to (pick three of the following):

Hand homework in on time.

Spend more time on my history homework

Use more facts in my explanation

Correct spelling mistakes (write the spellings here)

Read more about the topic to help my understanding.

Other

Task 1: Roman Army (source analysis)

The Roman Army (Read this paragraph)

A centurion commanded 80 men divided into ten sections of eight. Six centuries of eighty men formed a cohort, and ten cohorts made up a legion (about 5,000).

Roman soldiers were very strong and tough, they had to march over 20 miles a day with heavy things to carry. They had to carry equipment such as tents, food, cooking pots and weapons as well as wearing all their armour. The Roman army was divided into two groups - legionaries and auxiliaries.

Source A is a primary/secondary piece of evidence.

Source B is a primary/secondary piece of evidence.

List 3 similarities and 3 differences between these sources.

Similarities:

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Differences:

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Source A: A painting of Roman soldiers practice-fighting.

Source B: A photograph of a Roman century (80 men) at a re-enactment.

What does Source A tell us?

Source A is useful because.

What does Source B tell us?

Source B is useful because.

Imagine you are historian trying to find out more about the Roman Army.

Find three more pieces of evidence that would help you understand the Roman Army better.

Write about them in the 3 boxes below.

Evidence 1

Evidence 2

Evidence 3

Task 2: Local Study (research)

1. Read through the local sites where Roman historical evidence has been found. Look at what was found, where and when.

2. Answer the questions below:

Which site is closest to your home?

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What do you find interesting about the discoveries?

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What type of evidence is this? Primary or secondary? ..

What is the definition of primary evidence?

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List at least five pieces of evidence found in Enfield.

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What evidence is the most commonly found in this list?

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Were there any words in the list below that you had to look up because you had not heard of that word before?

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If you were to discover any of the evidence below, which evidence would you like to find and why?

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ENFIELD

Broomfield): signs of possible occupation noted at various times. In 1816 'Roman urns and coins were found in this gravel-pit and some skeletons'.

Carterhatch (or Caterhatch) Lane: c. 70 Roman silver and bronze coins ploughed up in a field and sold in 1820. Probably of period A.D. 69-180, with a few of early 3rd cent.

Brigadier Hill : two copper coins of Maximian (A.D. 284-308) and Crispus (A.D. 317-26) dug up in 1910.

Burleigh Road: lead coffin, decorated with scallop pattern, containing skeleton in lime found 1902. Nearby were two lead canisters holding burnt bones placed under a brick cist covered with flints. Coffin may be first half of 3rd cent. A.D.

Cambridge Road: aureus of Domitian picked up in Nov. 1956 on W. side of road. Considered to have been in circulation for a century before being lost.

Forty Hill, probably nr. Clock House: Roman glass bottle found a few years before 1873 during excavations in grounds of one David Henry. Puddingstone quern also found.

Landseer Road: during road construction in 1902 evidence of occupation ranging from 1st to 4th cent. A.D. was uncovered. Mr. G. R. Gillam has analysed contemporary press and magazine reports. (fn. 66) Finds included 'Castor' and 'Samian' ware (including patera stamped M.D.C.C.A.), roofing and hypocaust tiles, brooches, tettine, flanged mortarium, quern fragments, iron knives, bronze statuette of Apollo. Othermaterial included Samian bowl found in garden in Landseer Road.

Lincoln Road: coin of Hadrian (A.D. 117-38) found in garden in 1956.

Maiden Bridge, Forty Hill: coin of Constantine (A.D. 306-37) found nr. brook in 1885.

Old Park Farm Moat, nr. W. bounds of first green on Enfield golf course: coin of Antoninus Pius. Also an as, a brooch, and 'nondescript pieces of bronze; also a quern of pudding stone'.

Ponders End: bronze 'trumpet' brooch of Collingwood type Rii, of northern affinities. 2nd and 3rd quarter of 2nd cent. A.D.

River Lea, Ponders End: bronze brooch, rather like Polden Hill type of Camulodunum type IX (illustrated facing p. 74.) Bush Hill Park: Roman burial ground in garden of 'Ferndell' uncovered in 1893-4. (fn. 70) Mr. G. R. Gillam has analysed 'Belgic' Forty Hall Mus., Enfield pottery and other finds, which included coin of Vespasian, and suggested a general date in second half of 1st cent. A.D.

Trent Park: four copper coins found 1859; one coin of Magnentius (A.D. 350-53), another of Constantine (A.D. 306-37).

Windmill Hill, now King George playing fields:fragments of coffin, urns, bones in one, 3 coins in another, ploughed up in Windmill Field in 1820.

Task 3: A tour of Londinium (research)

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B

C

1. Look at sources A, B and C. What do these sources tell you about the Romans in Londinium?

Source A tells me

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Source B tells me .

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Source C tells me .

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2. Research Roman Londinium (see useful websites page) and write about what a tourist would see if they arrived in Londinium during Roman occupation.

A Tour of Londinium

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Thames

River bank

Baths

Tower of London

Forum

Roman wall

Ludgate

Newgate

Cripplegate

Bishopsgate

Boats

Basilica (town hall)

Mithraeum

fort

Task 4: What did the Romans do for us? (change over time)

1.Use your knowledge from the lesson and research one fact about how the Romans introduced, used or invented the items listed below. Write your fact under each key word.

Architecture

Fact:

Art

Fact:

Literature

Fact:

Language

Fact:

Sanitation (sewage)

Fact:

Aqueducts

Fact:

Coins

Fact:

Education

Fact:

Irrigation

Fact:

Calendar

Fact:

Cement and bricks

Fact:

Public baths

Fact:

Turnips and carrots

Fact:

Pavements

Fact:

Apples, pears, grapes

Fact:

Benefits for poor citizens

Fact:

Roads

Fact:

Wine

Fact:

Cats

Fact:

Stinging nettles

Fact:

Towns

Fact:

Glass

Fact:

Street cleaners

Fact:

Shops

Fact:

Laws

Fact:

Government houses

Fact:

Public order

Fact:

Firemen and police

Fact:

Parks

Fact:

Cabbage and peas

Fact:

Public libraries

Fact:

Public notices

Fact:

2. Look around your home and local area. Highlight or circle things that you see in the list above.

3. Explain which three Roman inventions are the most important and why.

Invention 1:

Invention 2:

Invention 3:

4. Extension.

Link two or three inventions together. What do they similar? Why are they dissimilar?

Task 5: Africa before the slave trade (research)

Research ten facts about Africa before the slave trade and link them to the map below.

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6. ..

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7. ..

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8. ..

4. ..

9. ..

5. ..

10. ..

Use as many facts as you can from your research and write a clear and accurate paragraph about life Africa before the slave trade.

Task 6: Slave auction (source analysis/empathy)

A slave auction, 1861.

What is the nature of this source? (photograph, painting, drawing, woodcut, newspaper etc)

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What can you see in this picture that explains that it is a slave auction?

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What do you think the artist feels about slavery?

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Below create an acrostic poem about a slave auction. Read as much information as you can about slave auctions to help make your poem as factual as possible.

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Is this source reliable? Can it be trusted?

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Research three facts about the two different types of slave auction.

Sold to the highest bidder auction:

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Grab and Go auction:

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http://www.historyonthenet.com/Slave_Trade/slave_auction.htm

Task 7: Abolition of the slave trade (debate)

Read through the arguments for and against slavery and answer the questions below. Use this website to help you. http://abolition.e2bn.org/slavery_112.html

Pro-slavery arguments

Anti-slavery (abolitionist) arguments

1. What did pro-slavers claim would happen to the British economy if slavery was abolished?

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5. How did pro-slavers manage to influence public opinion?

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1. What did Thomas Clarkson argue was an alternative to making money from the slave trade?

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5. How did abolitionists argue that slavery was damaging to Africa?

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2. What did pro-slavers claim would happen if Britain pulled out of the slave trade?

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6. According to pro-slavers, what were conditions aboard slave ships like?

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2. What did anti-slavery supporters argue about Britains moral involvement in the slave trade?

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6. What did abolitionists say about conditions aboard slave ships?

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3. How did pro-slavers claim that Africa was already involved in the slave trade?

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7. How did pro-slavers use the Bible to justify their beliefs?

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3. According to anti-slavery supporters, how was African slavery different to the transatlantic slave trade?

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7. How did abolitionists argue that slavery was morally and religiously wrong?

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4. For what reasons did pro-slavers claim that slavery helped African slaves?

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4.How did abolitionists argue against the pro-slavery argument that Africans were unequal to Europeans?

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Task 8: The rise and fall of the British Empire (chronology)

Watch the youtube clip at the following address:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1tBlzLjQvJM

Watch AT LEAST three times using the map in your planner as a reference so that you can see which countries (in red) were part of the BRITISH EMPIRE in which year (the year is shown in the top left hand side of the screen).

Write down a minimum of two countries that were part of the BRITISH EMPIRE in the following years:

1754

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1822

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1885

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1914

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Q1: Which year showed the BRITISH EMPIRE at its most successful (when did it rule the most countries)?

The year that the British Empire was at its height was ..

because

Q2: What did you notice happening to Britains empire from 1938 onwards?

ANSWERING THE CALL

"The whelps of the lion are joining their sire"

1. Look carefully at the source.

2. Read the provenance and any words within the source.

3. Answer the questions below in full sentences:

What can you see in this source?

Why is this source useful in explaining the British Empire?

Extension exercises

Research one of these topics or a topic of your own choosing in more depth and create a 10 question quiz.

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Answers:

1) __________________ 2)____________________ 3)__________________ 4)__________________ 5)_________________

6)____________________ 7)____________________ 8)___________________ 9)___________________ 10) ______________________

Go to puzzlemaker.com and make your own criss cross crossword about one of the topics we have studied this term. Print it out and stick it on to this page.

Useful websites

Roman Army

http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/romans/soldiers.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/romans/the_roman_army/

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/roman_army.htm http://www.historyonthenet.com/Romans/roman_army.htm

Roman Enfield/local history

http://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/8924053.Roman_Enfield_exhibition_to_open_at_Dugdale_Centre/

Roman Londinium

http://www.history.co.uk/study-topics/history-of-london/roman-london

http://www.britainexpress.com/London/roman-london.htm

http://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/jan/15/london-skulls-roman-head-hunters

What did the Romans do for us?

http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/Romans.html#7

http://projectbritain.com/london/history/romans.html

Africa before the European slave trade

http://eblackstudies.org/intro/chapter2.htm

http://abolition.e2bn.org/slavery_41.html

http://www.understandingslavery.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=306:africa-before-transatlantic-enslavement&Itemid=151

http://www.africanholocaust.net/news_ah/africa%20before%20slavery.htm

Slave Auction

http://www.historyonthenet.com/Slave_Trade/slave_auction.htm

http://www.bristolandslavery.4t.com/auctions.htm

Abolition of the slave trade

http://abolition.e2bn.org/slavery_112.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/abolition/

The rise and fall of the British empire

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1tBlzLjQvJM

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/history/uk_through_time/british_empire_through_time/revision/1/

Extension exercises:

http://puzzlemaker.discoveryeducation.com/CrissCrossSetupForm.asp?campaign=flyout_teachers_puzzle_crisscross

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