What is a joint? Try to list as many joints in the human body as you

can.

BELLWORK

11/14/13JOINTS

SWBAT explain the 3 classifications of jointsSWBAT describe the 6 types of synovial joints and

give examples of each in the human body

OBJECTIVE

Articulations of bonesFunctions of joints:

Allow growth Allow mobility

Most commonly classified by structure

JOINTS

1. Fibrous joints – 2. Cartilaginous joints – 3. Synovial joints –

STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION

Bones united by fibrous connective tissue, no movement

Examples: Sutures, tibia-fibula

FIBROUS JOINTS

Bones connected by cartilage, little to no movementExamples: pubic symphysis, intervertebral joints

CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS

Wide range of motionArticular cartilage covers ends of bones Joint surfaces enclosed by a fibrous capsule Joint cavity fi lled with synovial fluidLigaments reinforce the joint

SYNOVIAL JOINTS

TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS BASED ON SHAPE

TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS BASED ON SHAPE

Imagine you are running. List the joints you are using and what type they are.

EXIT TICKET

The articulating surfaces of plane joints are nearly fl at or slightly curved. These joints allow sliding or back-and-forth motion and twisting. Most of the joints in the wrist and ankle, as well as those between the articular processes of vertebrae, belong to this group.

PLANE JOINT (GLIDING JOINT)

In a hinge joint, the convex surface of one bone fi ts into the concave surface of another, as in the elbow and the joints of the phalanges. Such a joint resembles the hinge of a door in that it permits movement in one plane only.

HINGE JOINTS

In a pivot joint, the cyl indrical surface of one bone rotates in a r ing formed of bone and a l igament. Movement at such a joint is l imited to rotation around a central axis. The joint between the proximal ends of the radius and the ulna, where the head of the radius rotates in a r ing formed by the radial notch of the ulna and a l igament, is of this type. Similarly, a pivot joint functions in the neck as the head turns from side to side.

PIVOT JOINTS

In a condyloid joint the oval shaped surface of one bone fi ts into the oval shaped depression of another bone. This is seen in the joints between the metacarpals and phalanges. This type of joint permits a variety of movements in diff erent planes; rotational movement, however, is not possible.

CONDYLOID JOINTS

SADDLE JOINTS

A saddle joint forms between bones whose articulating surfaces have both concave and convex regions. The surface of one bone fi ts the complementary surface of the other. This physical relationship permits a variety of movements, mainly in two planes, as in the case of the joint between the carpal (trapezium) and the metacarpal of the thumb.

BALL-AND-SOCKET JOINTS

A ball-and-socket joint consists of a bone with a globular or sl ightly egg-shaped head that articulates with the cup-shaped cavity of another bone. Such a joint al lows a wider range of motion than does any other type, permitting movements in all planes, as well as rotational movement around a central axis. The hip and shoulder have joints of this type.