Lecture Outline:

-What is Ichthyology?

-Fishes in Geologic Time

-Fish Evolution

-Broad Subjects of this Course

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Thomas R. Hrabik

• Office hours W 1100-1200 or by appt.

• Office SSB 11, thrabik@d.umn.edu, x7626

• Research: food web ecology/evolution, exotic species, hydroacoustics, Hg in fish, conservation of Hucho taimen in Mongolia

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General Information

• the website http://d.umn.edu/~thrabik/Ichthyology.htm

• Turn your cell phone off before

class

Ecology,

Limnology,

Oceanography

Icthyology Fisheries

Science

Icthyology -Evolution

-Physiology and Morphology

-Classification

-Reproductive Ecology

-Behavioral Ecology

-Feeding and Trophic Interactions

-Ecosystem Ecology

-Landscape Ecology

From Magnuson 1991

Urochordata:

tunicates

Marine, larvae are free swimming and

notochord, gill slits, and dorsal hollow nerve

cord; adults are sessile, saclike, and filter

feed. Cephalo-

chordata:

lancelets

(Amphioxus)

Marine, segmented, elongated body

with notochord extending the length of

the body; cilia surrounding the mouth

for obtaining food

Vertebrata:

agnathans,

chondrichtyes,

teleosts

Distinct head and trunk supported by a

series of cartilaginous or bony vertebrae

in the adult; closed circulatory system

and ventral heart; well developed brain

and sensory organs

Vertebrate Evolution

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Paedomorphosis: retention of

body traits as adults that were

Juvenile structures in ancestral

species

Tunicates:

Urochordata

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Figure 34.8a

Haikouella. Discovered in 1999 in

southern China, Haikouella had eyes

and a brain but lacked a skull, a

derived trait of craniates. 520mbp Lancelets(Cephalochordata)

Craniates

Fossil jawless fishes appear in the Ordivician, ~500 million ybp

Skeletons primarily of cartilage.

fishes developed bony plates --- jaws, skeletons.

Fish make up more than half of the World’s vertebrate diversity.

Fish-like vertebrates evolved in the early Paleozoic Era

--late Cambrian Period.

-true bony fishes and cartilagenous fishes arose.

-jawless fishes declined

The Devonian Period (410-360 mybp)

Age of Fishes ---Fish proliferated throughout the world’s oceans.

Ostracoderms

Ordovician

Silurian

Devonian

Carboniferous

Permian

Triassic

Jurassic

Cretaceous

Tertiary

Placoderms

Chondrostei

Holosteans

Period

tetrapods

Fish Habitats

Sensory Input Sources

Chemoreception

Olfaction--Homing responses/prey

Gustatory Senses--Reject toxic prey

Acoustico-Lateralis System

Inner Ear--otoliths and swimbladder

Lateral Line--neuromasts/cupula

Electroreception

Ampullae of Lorenzini, Pit organs

Vison

Eyes

Adaptations

Sub-portions of the course:

I. Morphology and physiology

II Evolution and systematics

III. Fish Ecology

Morphology and Physiology

I. Form and Movement

II. Respiration

III. Blood and circulation

a. bouyancy and thermal

regulation

b. hydromineral balance

Evolution and Systematics

I. The origin of fishes, and evolution

II. Systematics, Genetics and Speciation

Ostracoderm

Ordovician

Silurian

Devonian

Carboniferous

Permian

Triassic

Jurassic

Cretaceous

Tertiary

Placoderms

Chondrostei

Holosteans

Fish Ecology

I. Feeding, growth, reproduction

II. Behavior and species interactions

III. Community and landscape ecology

A.) local and regional forces on fish

communities

B.) dispersal

IV. Fisheries Ecology

http://www.gpmatthews.nildram.co.uk/animalcules/

Shedd aquarium

http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html

www.photokatalyse.fraunhofer.de www.gpmatthews.nildram.co.uk

mywebpages.comcast.net www.noc.soton.ac.uk www.cees.iupui.edu

A typical north temperate food web

Lab Section:

-Expectations in the Laboratory

-Lab structure

-Course Points

-Field Trips and presentations

-Lab groups

Lab Expectations 1. You’ll have read the material prior to lab

2. a cooperative attitude

3. Lab groups are needed (2 people)

4. The instructor will provide a brief

overview at the beginning of lab

5. Weekly quizzes on the lab material

6. Fun encouraged

Course Points

Lecture 1 120

Lecture 2 130

Lecture 3 (Final) 140

Lab 1 60

Lab 2 65

Lab 3 70

Presentation/res.proj.70

Quizzes 100

Class Participation 15

total 770

Field Trips

1. Duluth Aquarium field trip (early April)

a. free admission

b. design scientific project at

aquarium

c. Proposal

2. French River Hatchery (late April)

a. On site tour and description of

operations and management

strategies

Laboratory Section Outline:

Chapter 1 - Basic Anatomy: External (read-Thurs.)

Chapter 2 - Basic Anatomy: Internal

Chapter 3 – Osteology

Chapter 6 - Finding/measuring Characters

Chapter 7- Taxonomic identification

Chapter 12 - Age and Growth

Identification, Taxonomy of Minnesota Fishes