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PURE FRACTIONSFROM AN ELECTRIC CURTAINElectrophoresis is a powerful method for separating mixtures in which various fractions differ in elec-trical mobility. In the familiar paper-strip electrophoresis (like the Spinco Model R System) the variousfractions start at one point, then migrate to form bands along the paper, providing both qualitative andquantitative information.

In "curtain" electrophoresis, the mixture is fed continuously onto the top of the curtain. Each fractionfollows its separate path and is collected in quantity at the bottom of the curtain. A completely newadvancement in curtain electrophoresis is the Spinco Model CP Continuous-Flow Electrophoresis unit.CP units have been received enthusiastically by laboratories who faced the previously difficult problemof preparing volumes of pure fractions from mixtures of proteins, amino acids, polypeptides, dyes - infact any mixture which can be separated by paper electrophoresis.

CP instruments are immediately available from Spinco dealers in principal cities.Write to Spinco Division, Beckman Instruments, Inc., Stanford Park, 0Palo Alto, California. Ask for Folder CP5. J

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- SAUNDE-RS BOOKSDeRobertis, Nowinski and Saez

GENERAL CYTOLOGYUnderstandable in its approach, modern in its methods and principles, this book is un-usually well-suited to college courses. It is a synthesis of the most important aspectsof cellular structure and function as encountered in man and animals. This is adynamic approach that stresses the morphological, physiological and genetic aspectsof the subject. The authors employ the methods of physics, chemistry and biochemistryto explore the ultrastructure of the cell-to interpret the nature of the intracellularprocesses and the functional significance of cellular structure. Among its many helpfulillustrations the book contains some of the finest electromicrographs ever published.By E. D. P. DERoBERTIS, M.D., Head of the Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Institute for the Investigation ofBiological Sciences Montevideo, Uruguay W. W. NowsNsRI, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Biochemistry, University ofTexas Medical SciSool and Fa^ncssco A;.Szz, Ph.D., Head of the Department of Cytogenetics, Institute for theInvestigation of Biologscal Sciences, Montevideo, Uruguay. 456 pages, 6" x 9", with 162 illustrations. $7.75.

Second Edition I

Arey- DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMYThis classic text is well known for its exceptionally clear and visual presentation ofembryology. Part I, General Development, explains fundamental concepts and the ori-gin of the embryo. Part II, Special Development, discusses the differentiation of thecells into organs and systems. Both function and structure are thoroughly covered.Part III is a laboratory manual. It studies the pig and chick embryos in detail. Thearrangement of the material is clear, concise and logical. All basic facts are discussedin larger type for the general college student and the more detailed and technical dataare included in smaller type for medical and more advanced workers. A summary ofexperimental analysis entitled "Causal Relations" is given for each organ or group.1552 outstanding illustrations make the text as clear as possible. They are welllabeled and many are in color.BY LESLIE BRAINERD AREY, Ph.D., Sc.D., LL.D., Robert Laughlin Rea Professor of Anatomy, Northwestern University.680 pages, 6y2" x 93h", with 1552 illustrations on 630 figures, many in color. $9.50. Sixth Edition I

Witschi DEVELOPMENT OF VERTEBRATESA clear, accurate study of comparative embryology . . . excellent for pre-medicalstudents and zoology majors. Developmental concepts of general biology are presentedon an advanced basis while the subject matter of vertebrate embryology is introduced.About one third of the book deals with mammalian embryology and half of this isdevoted to human development. Starting with an Introduction to Basic Concepts andTechnical Terms, the text continues on through Multiplication and Maturation ofGerm Cells, The Start of Ontogenesis, Amphibians, Fishes and Birds to MammalianEmbryology and Human Development. The illustrations are the best that have everappeared in any American textbook on this subject, most of them are line drawingsand all prepared by Dr. Witschi himself.By EMIL WITSCHI, Professor of Embryology and Endocrinology, The State University of lowa. 588 pages, 6" x 9¼4", with370 illustrations. $8.50.

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CORP.SCIENCE, VOL. 124

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America's only complete optical source ... from glass to finished productSCIENCE, VOL. 124

Kodak reports to laboratories on:films for those engaged in advanced photographic exercises and those who are not...watching a tail-lash at leisure ... fllms for dosimetry

Sun and grain

These two frames of movie filmwere taken 1/8 second apart. Theseare part of a cine record of a sun-spot made on August 11, 1954, atthe RCA Solar Observatory, RockyPoint, N. Y. When one computeshow fast the "flare" has moved inthe 1/8 second, one is inclined to at-tribute the apparent motion to ex-citation rather than to transport ofactual material at a velocity of50,000 kilometers per second.

Since Dr. William A. Miller wasphotographing the face of the sun it-self, getting enough light on his filmwas the very least of his problems.He could therefore afford to chooseKodak Spectroscopic Film, Type548-GH, in which the balance be-tween light sensitivity and resolvingpower is weighted overwhelminglyin favor of the latter. (Only Type649 is slower and finer-grained thanType 548.)Anvone else who can afford so prod-

igally to trade film sensitivity for fine-ness of grain can make arrangementsfor a supply of Kodak SpectroscopicFilm, Type 548-GH (or even Type 649),by writing to Eastman Kodak Company,Special Sensitized Products Sales, Roch-ester 4, N. Y. The same emulsion onglass can be ordered directlyfrom Kodakdealers as Kodak High ResolutionPlates. Frankly, though, if you are notmaking photographic reticles or engag-ing in other advanced exercises, and ifyou need practical camera speed alongwith the finest grain that can accompanyit, your best bet is to pick up a few rollsof the new Kodak Panatomic-X Filmat the nearest film counter.

Time and light microscopes united

These two photomicrographs weretaken 1/500 second apart througha phase microscope at 105X mag-nification of objects some 400 bil-lion times smaller than the sunspotsin the adjoining column. We madesome 4,000 such photomicrographsin a recent 8-second span of time.By projecting the pictures at theusual 16 frames per second, it be-came possible for the first time towatch at leisure how spermatazoawhip their tails.

This was done by attaching to thelight microscope a powerful timemagnifier, the Kodak High SpeedCamera. Also, it was the unprec-edented sensitivity of Cine-KodakTri-X Film that permitted a lightlevel that such heat-sensitive sub-jects could survive long enough tobe photographed.Now we wonder what else can

be done with high speed moviesthrough the microscope that wouldbe worth the price of a Kodak HighSpeed Camera ($1713.50). Proto-zoology, perhaps. Crystal forma-tion ?For guidance in working out a pos-

sible alliance between this camera andyour microscope, write Eastman KodakCompany, Medical Division, Rochester4, N. Y.

tion of reactor products, the timehas come for us to systematize thenomenclature of the various mate-rials we make that go into the badgesworn for a working week and thenturned in for recording how muchradiation the worker has received.The simplest of the materials is

Kodak Personal Monitoring Film,Type 1, with a layer of the mostsensitive of all x-ray emulsions oneach side of the base. Its function,largely, is to establish that thewearer has not been exposed tomore ,B-, -y-, or X-radiation than isconsidered permissible.The new Kodak Personal Moni-

toring Film, Type 2, goes a stepfarther. Type 2 has the highly sensi-tive emulsion on one side only. Theother side bears a low-sensitivityemulsion that is just barely affectedby exposures that drive the high-sensitivity side to full density. If thefilm should emerge from processinga sinister heavy black, one canquickly remove the high-sensitivityemulsion and assess the full measureof the misfortune from the densityof the slow emulsion. Fortunately,this happens very seldom.Kodak Personal Neutron Moni-

toring Film, Type A, is read with amicroscope. One counts within agiven area the number of tracksleft by protons recoiling fromfast neutrons or generated in theN14(n,p)C14 reaction.Kodak Personal Neutron Moni-

toring Film, Type B, is a complexsandwich of NTA film betweenaluminum shields and paper protonradiators, all contrived to make thetrack counts correspond more quan-titatively to the physiological effectof fast neutrons such as occuraround accelerators.Eastman Kodak Company, Special

Sensitized Products Division, Rochester4, N. Y., quotes prices, gives hints onprocessing and calibration, and arrangesdelivery through Kodak dealers. (Secre-taries to the contrary notwithstanding,the word is "personal," not "personnel.")

Monitoring the person

As ever more men earn their dailybread by the care and feeding ofnuclear reactors or the manipula-

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9 NOVEMBER 1956

To he Puhlished Early in 1957

INTRODUCTIONTO SOLID STATEby A. J. DEKKER, University of MinnesotaThe emphasis in this new text has been placedon a clear exposition of the physical reasoningand of the physical models on which the inter-pretation of the observed properties of solidsis based. The book is divided into two parts.Part I deals with topics which may be discussedin terms of atoms with little or no explicit refer-ence to the electron theory of solids. Part IIdeals with the electronic properties of solids.The author feels that this type of organization ispedagogically sound since the degree of diffi-culty increases as one proceeds through thebook.

NUCLEAR REACTOR PHYSICSby RAYMOND L. MURRAY,North Carolina State CollegeFEATURES:Based on lectures to undergraduates and grad-uate students in Nuclear Engineering over a 6-year period . . .

Many numerical examples illustrate theory,drawn from practical situations in reactor de-sign field . . .

Approximately 100 problems, with answers ...Clear, simple explanations of heterogeneous re-actor flux solutions, two-group matrix method,spherical harmonics approach, control rodtheory, slowing in hydrogenous mixtures, andothers.

ACOUSTICSby JOSEPH L. HUNTER,John Carroll UniversityThis text first gives a thorough treatment of thewave and vibration fundamentals that composeclassical acoustics. Then there is a treatment ofthe applied fields of present-day acoustics and,when necessary, theoretical discussions of someof the newer concepts are included. Significantamong the latter are the treatments of noise andarticulation index, reciprocity theory and thetheory of molecular relaxation.

a6 dwwua ao* Wu9

949

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