William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture7th EditionChapter 1 Introduction

Architecture & Organization 1Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmerInstruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques.e.g. Is there a multiply instruction?Organization is how features are implementedControl signals, interfaces, memory technology.e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by repeated addition?

Architecture & Organization 2All Intel x86 family share the same basic architectureThe IBM System/370 family share the same basic architecture

This gives code compatibilityAt least backwardsOrganization differs between different versions

Structure & FunctionStructure is the way in which components relate to each otherFunction is the operation of individual components as part of the structure

FunctionAll computer functions are:Data processingData storageData movementControl

Functional View

Operations (a) Data movement

Operations (b) Storage

Operation (c) Processing from/to storage

Operation (d)Processing from storage to I/O

Structure - Top LevelComputerMain MemoryInputOutputSystemsInterconnectionPeripheralsCommunicationlinesCentralProcessing UnitComputer

Structure - The CPUComputerArithmeticand Login UnitControlUnitInternal CPUInterconnectionRegistersCPUI/OMemorySystemBusCPU

Structure - The Control UnitCPUControlMemoryControl Unit Registers and DecodersSequencingLoginControlUnitALURegistersInternalBusControl Unit

Outline of the Book (1)Computer Evolution and PerformanceComputer Interconnection StructuresInternal MemoryExternal MemoryInput/OutputOperating Systems SupportComputer ArithmeticInstruction Sets

Outline of the Book (2)CPU Structure and FunctionReduced Instruction Set ComputersSuperscalar ProcessorsControl Unit OperationMicroprogrammed ControlMultiprocessors and Vector ProcessingDigital Logic (Appendix)

Internet Resources- Web site for bookhttp://WilliamStallings.com/COA/COA7e.htmllinks to sites of interestlinks to sites for courses that use the bookerrata list for bookinformation on other books by W. Stallingshttp://WilliamStallings.com/StudentSupport.htmlMathHow-toResearch resourcesMisc

Internet Resources- Web sites to look forWWW Computer Architecture Home PageCPU Info CenterProcessor EmporiumACM Special Interest Group on Computer ArchitectureIEEE Technical Committee on Computer ArchitectureIntel Technology JournalManufacturers sitesIntel, IBM, etc.

Internet Resources - Usenet News Groupscomp.archcomp.arch.arithmeticcomp.arch.storagecomp.parallel