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Schlumberger
is a method of identifying hazards and developing ways to manage them.
Job Hazard AnalysisJob Hazard Analysis
Schlumberger
OBJECTIVES
AIM
At the end of this course you will be able to:
• Recognise a hazard and a threat.
• Describe the purpose of JHA’s in relation to the “Bow Tie”.
• List the three methods of JHA’s.• Develop a valid JHA in a group setting.• Define the direct relationship between 5X5 and JHA’s.
For each participant to be able to effectively develop a JHA using the three methods of doing JHA’s.
AIMAIM
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
Schlumberger
HAZARDSMANAGINGMANAGING
Stepback 5 x5 forhazard management
Major Facilities/Sites
Workgroup Non-Routine Activity
Routine Activity byIndividuals and Workgroups
Job Hazard Analysis,Procedures
Safety Case, HAZOP, Safety Register
WORKSAFE WORKSAFE -- HOMESAFEHOMESAFE
Schlumberger
H a z a rd s H a z a rd o u sC o n d it io n s
H a z a rd o u s A c tiv it ie s
H y d ro c a rb o n liq u id s /g a s e s
E x tre m ete m p e ra tu re s
V ib ra tio n M a n u a l h a n d lin g
F la m m a b le m a te r ia ls O p e n f la m e L ig h tin g U s e o f m a c h in e ry
E x p lo s iv e s E le c tr ic ity E x tre m e a m b ie n tte m p e ra tu re s
D riv in g
M a te r ia l u n d e rp re s s u re
E le c tro m a g n e ticra d ia tio n
T e m p o ra ry fa c ilit ie s C lim b in g /w o rk in g a th e ig h ts
D iffe re n c e s ine le v a tio n
R a d io a c tiv e s N o n -b re a th a b lec o n d itio n s
C o n fin e d s p a c e s
O b je c ts u n d e r s tre s s N o is e S ta c k in g
M o v in g e q u ip m e n t/v e h ic le s
T o x ic s u b s ta n c e s /c h e m ic a ls
E x c a v a tio n w o rk
P s y c h o lo g ic a l B io lo g ic a lC o n d it io n s
HAZARDS, HAZARDOUS CONDITIONSHAZARDS, HAZARDOUS CONDITIONSAND HAZARDOUS ACTIVITIESAND HAZARDOUS ACTIVITIES
Schlumberger
CCOONNS S EEQQUUEENNCCEEESCALATIONESCALATION
BARRIERSBARRIERS
TTHHRREEAATTSS
EVENTEVENT
THREATTHREATBARRIERSBARRIERS
BOW TIEHAZARDHAZARDTHE
HHAAZZAARRDD
Schlumberger
SELECTIONJOBJOB
Hazard PotentialAccidental History
Newly Established Jobs
Schlumberger
STEPBACK 5x5JHA’sJHA’sAND
When Should They Be Applied?
Is there an existing procedure, JHA or work practice which identifies and controls the hazards in the proposed activity?
Undertake a JHA involving those who are doing the job.
Review procedure/JHA/work practice involving those who
are doing the job.
Does the activity involve appreciable risk? *
No need for a formal JHA
APPLY STEPBACK 5 X 5 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
DO THE JOB
No Yes
Yes
Review and improve the procedure/JHA/work practice after completing the job.
Schlumberger
JOB HAZARD ANALYSISWAYS OF DOINGWAYS OF DOING
BY DIRECT OBSERVATION
BY GROUP DISCUSSION
BY RECALL AND CHECK
Schlumberger
DIRECT OBSERVATIONDIRECT OBSERVATIONMETHOD
Supervisor watches
Discussesjob steps
hazards
solutions
with employee doing the job
Used for repetitive and frequently carried out jobs.e.g. Helicopter landing and departure
Schlumberger
GROUP DISCUSSIONGROUP DISCUSSIONMETHOD
A team of peoplefamiliar with all aspects of the job to be done
identify steps, hazards and solutions.
Used in pre-planning the safe execution of larger jobs.e.g. Remove, clean and replace heat exchanger
Schlumberger
RECALL AND CHECKRECALL AND CHECKMETHOD
Supervisor prepares a preliminary version based on his/her knowledge of the job.
Checks this by discussing with employee and observing parts of the job where there may be doubts.
Used for jobs where operator cannot be distracted or for urgent jobs that leave no time to arrange other methods of JHA.
Schlumberger
TEAM SELECTIONJOB HAZARD ANALYSISJOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
for group discussion method
Job Supervisor
Worker Representative(s)
Asset Owner (production equipment) or Area Manager (project work)
Safety, Industrial Hygienist or Environmental Adviser (for large jobs or Health Risk Assessment)
Cross work-group representation (particularly when directly affected by job)
NOTE:It is important to include personnel with most knowledge
of each aspect of the job.
Schlumberger
HOWHOW TO DO A JHAHOW TO DO A JHA
1. Identify the job to be analysed.
2. Review the Hazard Register or existing JHA’s.
3. Break the job down into steps.
4. Identify the hazards and threats associated with each step and who or what
might be harmed.
5. Assess the potential of each hazard.
6. Develop solutions to eliminate or control the potential hazards.
7. Have you considered the effect of CHANGECHANGE in all the above?
8. Record the JHA.
9. Review the job on completion and update the JHA as necessary.
Schlumberger
STEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPS
LOGICAL ORDERNOT TOO DETAILED
NOT TOO BROAD
Some jobs may only have two or three stepsSome may have more than a dozen
NOTE:You can either - list all the job steps and then deal with one at a time
orList the job steps and deal with them one at a time
Schlumberger
changing a tyre on a carSTEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPS
JOB STEPS TOO BROADJob steps too general and omit activities that could contain potential accidents
JOB STEPS TOO DETAILEDUnnecessary large number of job steps
STEP 1 Remove wheelSTEP 1 Park the car
STEP 2 Put on spareSTEP 2 Get out of the car
STEP 3 Walk to the boot
STEP 4 Open the boot
STEP 5 Clear away the spare, tools
Schlumberger
changing a tyre on a carSTEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPS
STEP 1 Position car and set brakes, block wheels STEP 6 Run wheel nuts up to firm
state
STEP 7 Jack down carSTEP 2 Remove spare tyre and position it handy to flat tyre
STEP 3 Check and position car jack STEP 8 Cross-tighten wheel nuts and replace hub cap
STEP 9 Store jack and wheelSTEP 4 Remove hub cap and crack nuts. Jack up car
STEP 5 Remove wheel and re-place with spare
Schlumberger
REVIEWREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDShealth
Can you be exposed to hazardous environmental conditions such as noise, heat, fumes, radiation, lack of oxygen etc?
Can you be exposed to hazardous levels of vibration?
Can you be exposed to hazardous chemicals or bacteria?
Are excessive or irregular hours requiredto do the job?
Could poor ergonomics, such as crampedconditions, lead to long term ill effects?
Schlumberger
REVIEWREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSenvironment
Can pollution occur?
Will hazardous wastes be generated?
Will chemicals be discharged?
Will domestic and/or industrial wastebe generated?
Will natural habitats be disturbed?
Could aboriginal sites be disturbed?
Schlumberger
REVIEWREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSsafety
Can you strike against or make injurious contact with anything?
Can you be caught in, on or between anything?
Can you strain or overexert?
Can you slip or trip on anything? Can you fallin anyway?
Can you injure a fellow employee?
Can damage to equipment occur?
Can you contact electricity, flammable,explosives etc?
DO NOTOPERATE
THIS DANGER TAGMUST NOT BE REMOVEDEXCEPT BY THE PERSON
WHOSE NAME APPEARS BELOW
Contractor:............................................Name:...........................Identity No.......Electrical Access Work Permit No........Date:.....................................................
DANGER
Schlumberger
RESPONSIBILITIESROLESJHAJHA
Participants?
Session Leaders?
Supervisors?
Managers?
Schlumberger
JHAJOB HAZARD ANALYSISJOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS WORKSHEETTask Name: Team Composition: Date:
StepNo.
Description of Task Step Hazard PotentialIncident
Who or What Might beHarmed
Control Measures/Recovery Measures Action/ Responsible
Party
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Schlumberger
OUTCOMESOUTCOMESOUTCOMES
A new procedure entirely
A revised procedure
Changed conditions
Changed activities
A safer job
Schlumberger
SCOPE OF WORK:SCOPE OF WORK:changing a lightbulb
Relevant information:Site is in a home - there are two young children and a dog playing
Tiled floor
Light is 3m above the floor with a double switch
Globe with a bayonet fitting (not fluoro) and a screw-shade requiring removal
Step ladder (in good condition) is available
Daytime with sufficient natural light
Schlumberger
WHATWHAT TO DO WITH A JHAWHAT TO DO WITH A JHA
Use it to create or update work proceduresEnsure workers are familiar with the content and apply it to the jobAttach a copy of the JHA to the work permit (if applicable)
Workgroups should create a “JHA FILE” for work in their area and keep the original
Review and Update the JHA on completion of the task
Once completed:
Schlumberger
CUSTOMISED JHACUSTOMISED JHASYNDICATESIN
Schlumberger
Simple
Health, Safety & Environmental awareness is developed in all those involved
SupervisorsWorkersManagers
Allows input from key players
Increased knowledge about job
Provides written procedures
Can be filed for future use
Accident prevention responsibilities addressed
Provides training material
Saves time - correct equipment identified and available
Enhances communication
Reduces the probability of an unwanted event
BENEFITSJOB HAZARD ANALYSISJOB HAZARD ANALYSISbenefits
Schlumberger
STEPBACK 5x5STEPBACK 5x5
Managing the hazards in your workplace
5 5
Schlumberger
WHATWHAT IS “STEPBACK 5 x 5” ?WHAT IS “STEPBACK 5 x 5” ?
Stepback 5x5 is a process that encourages workers to identify hazards associated with ALL tasks before starting a job. It helps to promote a hazard management culture through continual self evaluation.
It is based on the principle of ‘ENGAGING THE MIND BEFORE THE HANDS’ by:
Stepping back 5 paces from the job
Investing 5 minutes (nominal) to step through the job in your mind and identify plans to control hazards before starting the job
Stepback 5x5 is an informal personal planning process. It is essentially a mental JHA applied before starting ALL jobs.
The process encourages sharing of information and experiences with others.
Schlumberger
HOWHOW IS STEPBACK 5x5 DONE?HOW IS STEPBACK 5x5 DONE?
Before the job:
Stop and think
Observe the work area and surroundings
Step through your mind what you are going to do
Think about what else is happening in the area or nearby
Identify what else could go wrong
Satisfy yourself that the hazards are controlled before starting the work
Schlumberger
HOWHOW IS STEPBACK 5x5 DONE?HOW IS STEPBACK 5x5 DONE?
After the job:
Observe the work area
Take action to control any hazards that may have been created by the work
Reflect on how well the job went and the mental planning process you used
Did you feel safe doing the job
Were others around you working safely
Can any improvements be made next time?
Schlumberger
STEPBACK 5x5JHA’sJHA’sAND
Recognise a hazard and a threat.
Describe the purpose of JHA’s in relation to the “BOW TIE”.
List the three methods of JHA’s.
Develop a valid JHA in a group setting.
Define the direct relationship between 5x5 and JHA’s.