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8/12/2019 01 Sun Oracle Exadata V2 Technical Overview
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Sun Oracle Exadata and Database Machine Overview
Copyright 2009, Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates
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The Architecture of the Future
Massively Parallel Grid
Best for Data Warehousing
Best for OLTP
Best for Consolidation
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Database Machine Success
Database Machine is succeeding in all geographies andindustries against every competitor
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The Oracle Database Machine is an ideal cost-effectiveplatform to meet our speed and scalability needs.
Ketan Parekh, Manager Database Systems
After carefully testing several data warehouse platforms, wechose the Oracle Database Machine. Oracle Exadata was able tospeed up one of our critical processes from days to minutes..
Brian Camp, Sr. VP of Infrastructure Services
A query that used to take 24 hours to complete now runs inless than 30 minutes. The Oracle Database Machine beatscompeting solutions onbandwidth, load rate, disk capacity,and transparency.
Christian Maar, CIO
Database Machine Success
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Agenda
Overview
Exadata Based Product Offerings
Exadata Architecture and Features
Best Data Warehousing Machine Best OLTP Machine
Best Consolidation Machine
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The ProductsExadata Storage Server & Database Machine
Exadata Storage Server
Storage Product Optimized for OracleDatabase
Extreme I/O and SQL Processingperformance
Combination of hardware and
software
Exadata Storage Server Software
Sun Oracle Database Machine
Pre-Configured High Performance
Balanced performanceconfiguration
Takes the guess work out ofbuilding an Oracle deployment
Exadata Storage Server Software
Oracle Database 11.2
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Business Value of Exadata
Extreme Performance: Dramatic performanceimprovements (10-100X) for your data warehouses.Dramatic performance improvements (20X) for OLTPapplications
Linear Scalability: Performance scales linearly with
increase in data volumes. Enterprise Ready: Get up and running quickly with a
complete system containing all the required hardware andsoftware. Single enterprise level support for all hardwareand software from Oracle.
Standard: Works transparently with existing applications.Manage your databases and applications the same wayyou do today.
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Storage Bottlenecks
Today, database performance is limited by storage
Storage systems limit data bandwidth from storage to servers
Storage Array internal bottlenecks
SAN bottlenecks
Random I/O bottlenecks due to physical disk speeds Data Bandwidth limits severely restrict performance for data
warehousing
Random I/O bottlenecks limit performance of OLTP applications
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Exadata Smart StorageBreaks Data Bandwidth and Random I/O Bottleneck
Oracle addresses data bandwidth bottleneck 3ways
Massively parallel storage gridof high performanceExadata storage servers (cells).
Data bandwidth scales with data volume
Data intensive processingruns in Exadata storage. Queries run in storage as data streams from disk,
offloading database server CPUs
Columnar compression reduces data volume up to 10x
Exadata Hybrid Columnar Compression provides10x lower cost, 10x higher performance
Oracle solves random I/O bottlenecks using ExadataSmart Flash Cache
Increase random I/Os by factor of 20X
Exadata Storage Cells
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Exadata Based Product Offerings
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Scale Performance and Capacity
Scalable Scales to 8 rack database machine
by just adding wires
More with externalInfiniBand switches
Scales to hundreds of storage servers
Multi-petabyte databases
Redundant and Fault
Tolerant
Failure of any componentis tolerated
Data is mirrored acrossstorage servers
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Drastically Simplified Deployments
Database Machine eliminates thecomplexity of deploying databasesystems
Months of configuration, troubleshooting, tuning
Database Machine is ready on dayone
Pre-built, tested, standard, supportable configuration
Runs existing applications unchanged
Extreme performance out of the boxMonths toDays
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Sun Exadata Storage Server Hardware
Building block of massively parallel Exadata Storage Grid
Up to 1.5 GB/sec raw data bandwidth per cell
Up to 75,000 IOPS with Flash Sun Fire X4275 Server
2 Quad-Core Intel Xeon E5540 Processors
24GB RAM
Dual-port 4X QDR (40Gb/s) InfiniBand card
Disk Options
12 x 600 GB SAS disks (7.2 TB total) 12 x 2TB SATA disks (24 TB total)
4 x 96 GB Sun Flash PCIe Cards (384 GB total)
Software pre-installed
Oracle Exadata Storage Server Software
Oracle Enterprise Linux
Drivers, Utilities
Single Point of Support from Oracle
3 year, 24 x 7, 4 Hr On-site response
Sun Exadata Storage
Server Hardware
Hardware by
Software by
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Sun Oracle Database Machine Full Rack
Pre-Configured for Extreme Performance
8 Sun FireX4170 Oracle Database servers
14 Exadata Storage Servers (All SAS or allSATA)
3 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36
36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s) switch
1 Admin Cisco Ethernet switch Keyboard, Video, Mouse (KVM) hardware
Redundant Power Distributions Units (PDUs)
Single Point of Support from Oracle
3 year, 24 x 7, 4 Hr On-site response
Add more racks for additional scalability
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4 Sun FireX4170 Oracle Database servers
7 Exadata Storage Servers (All SAS or allSATA)
2 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36
36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s) switch
1 Admin Cisco Ethernet switch Keyboard, Video, Mouse (KVM) hardware
Redundant PDUs
Single Point of Support from Oracle
3 year, 24 x 7, 4 Hr On-site response
Can Upgrade to a Full Rack
Sun Oracle Database Machine Half Rack
Pre-Configured for Extreme Performance
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2 Sun FireX4170 Oracle Database servers
3 Exadata Storage Servers (All SAS or allSATA)
2 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36
36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s)
InfiniBand switch 1 Admin Cisco Ethernet switch
Keyboard, Video, Mouse (KVM) hardware
Redundant PDUs
Single Point of Support from Oracle
3 year, 24 x 7, 4 Hr On-site response
Can Upgrade to an Half Rack
Sun Oracle Database Machine Quarter Rack
Pre-Configured for Extreme Performance
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Sun Oracle Database Machine Basic SystemEntry Level non-HA Configuration
1 Sun FireX4170 Oracle Database servers 1 Exadata Storage Servers (All SAS or all
SATA)
1 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36
36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s)
InfiniBand switch InfiniBand Cables
Installed in Customer supplied Rack
Customer supplied Ethernet and KVMInfrastructure
Single Point of Support from Oracle
3 year, 24 x 7, 4 Hr On-site response
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Exadata Product Capacity
Single Server Quarter Rack Half Rack Full Rack
Raw Disk1SAS 7.2 TB 21 TB 50 TB 100 TB
SATA 24 TB 72 TB 168 TB 336 TB
Raw Flash1 384 GB 1.1 TB 2.6 TB 5.3 TB
User Data2(assuming nocompression)
SAS 2 TB 6 TB 14 TB 28 TBSATA 7 TB 21 TB 50 TB 100 TB
1Raw capacity calculated using 1 GB = 1000 x 1000 x 1000 bytes and 1 TB = 1000 x 1000 x 1000 x 1000 bytes.
2 - User Data: Actual space for end-user data, computed after single mirroring (ASM normal redundancy) and afterallowing space for database structures such as temp, logs, undo, and indexes. Actual user data capacity varies by
application. User Data capacity calculated using 1 TB = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes.
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Exadata Architecture and Features
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Exadata Configuration
Each Exadata Cell is a self-contained server which houses diskstorage and runs the Exadata software
Oracle Databases are deployed across multiple Exadata Cells
Oracle Database enhanced to work in cooperation with ExadataStorage Server
No practical limit to number of Cells that can be in the grid
Exadata Cell
InfiniBand Switch/Network
Single-Instance
Database
RAC
Database
Exadata Cell Exadata Cell
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Exadata Architecture
DB Server
DB InstanceDBRM
ASM
Single-Instance
Database
RAC
DatabaseDB Server
DB InstanceDBRM
ASM
DB Server
DB InstanceDBRM
ASM
OELCELLSRV MS
RS
IORM
iDB Protocol over
Inf iniBand w ith
Path Failover
InfiniBand Switch/Network
CellControl
CLI
EnterpriseManager
OELCELLSRV MS
RS
IORM
OELCELLSRV MS
RS
IORM
Exadata Cell
Exadata Cell
Exadata Cell
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Exadata Software Features
Exadata Smart Scans 10X or greater reduction in data sent to database servers
Exadata Storage Indexes Eliminate unnecessary I/Os to disk
Hybrid Columnar Compression (HCC) Efficient compression increases effective storage capacity and increases
user data scan bandwidths by a factor of 10X
Exadata Smart Flash Cache Breaks random I/O bottleneck by increasing IOPs by 20X
Doubles user data scan bandwidths
I/O Resource Manager (IORM) Enables storage grid by prioritizing I/Os to ensure predictable performance
Inter-leaved Grid Disks Enables storage grid that allows multiple applications to place frequently
accessed data on faster portions of the disk
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Exadata Smart Scan
Exadata cells implement scan offload to greatlyreduce the data sent to database servers
Row filtering based on where predicate
Column filtering
Join filtering
Incremental backup filtering Scans on encrypted data
Data Mining model scoring
10x data reductionis common
Completely application transparent
Even if cell or disk fails during a query
11.2
11.2
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Traditional Scan Processing Smart Scan Example:
Telco wants to identifycustomers that spend
more than $200 on asingle phone call
The information aboutthese premium customersoccupies 2MB in a 1terabyte table
With traditional storage, alldatabase intelligence residesin the database hosts
Very large percentage of datareturned from storage isdiscarded by database
servers Discarded data consumesvaluable resources, andimpacts the performance ofother workloads
I/Os Executed:
1 terabyte of data
returned to hosts
DB Host reduces
terabyte of data to 1000
customer names that
are returned to client
Rows Returned
SELECT
customer_name
FROM calls
WHERE amount >
200;
Table
Extents
Identified
I/Os Issued
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Exadata Smart Scan Processing
Only the relevant columns
customer_nameand required rows
where amount>200
are are returned to hosts
CPU consumed by predicate
evaluation is offloaded toExadata
Moving scan processing off thedatabase host frees host CPUcycles and eliminates massive
amounts of unproductivemessaging Returns the needle, not the
entire hay stack
2MB of data
returned to server
Rows Returned
Smart Scan
Constructed And
Sent To Cells
Smart Scan
identifies rows and
columns within
terabyte table that
match request
Consolidated
Result Set
Built From All
Cells
SELECT
customer_nameFROM calls
WHERE amount >
200;
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Smart Scan Transparency
Smart scans are transparent to the application No application or SQL changes required
Returned data is fully consistent and transactional
If a cell dies during a smart scan, the uncompleted portionsof the smart scan are transparently routed to other cellscontaining a replica of the data
Smart Scans correctly handle complex cases including Uncommitted data and locked rows
Chained rows
Compressed tables
National Language Processing
Date arithmetic Regular expression searches
Partitioned tables
High Throughput, Reduced Overhead, No Complex Tuning
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Exadata Smart Scans:
Offloaded data mining scoring
Data mining scoring executed in Exadata:
All data mining scoring functions offloaded to Exadata
Up to 10x performance gains
Reduced CPU utilization on Database Server
select cust_idfrom customerswhere region = USand prediction_probability(churnmod, Y using *) > 0.8;
Scoring functionexecuted in
Exadata
11.2
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Exadata Storage IndexTransparent I/O Elimination with No Overhead
Exadata Storage Indexes maintain summaryinformation about table data in memory
Store MIN and MAX values of columns
Typically one index entry for every MB of disk
Eliminates disk I/Os if MIN and MAX can nevermatch where clause of a query
Completely automatic and transparent
A B C D
1
35
5
8
3
Min B = 1
Max B =5
Table Index
Min B = 3
Max B =8
Select * from Table where B
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Data Growth Challenges
IT must support exponentiallygrowing amounts of data
Without hurting performance
Without growing cost
Powerful and efficientcompression is key
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50XUp To
Exadata Hybrid Columnar Compression
Data is stored by columnand then compressed
Query Modefor datawarehousing
Optimized for speed
10X compression ratio is typical
Scans improve proportionally
Archival Modefor
infrequently accessed data Optimized to reduce space 15X compression is typical
Up to 50X for some data
11.2
E d t H b id C l C i
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Exadata Hybrid Columnar Compression
How it works
Tables are organized into sets of a few thousandrows called Compression Units (CUs)
Within Compression Unit, data is Organized byColumn and then compressed
Column organization brings similar values closetogether, enhancing compression
Useful for data that is bulk loaded and queried
Update activity is light
Reduces
Table Size
4x to 40x4x to 50x
Reduction
Compression
Unit
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Exadata Hybrid Columnar CompressionWarehousing and Archiving
Warehouse Compression
10x average storage savings 10x Scan I/O reduction
Archive Compression
15x average storage savings
Up to 50x on some data Some access overhead
For cold or historical data
Optimized for Speed Optimized for Space
Smaller WarehouseFaster Performance Reclaim 93% of DisksKeep Data Online
Can mix compression types by partition for ILM
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10 10 10 1116
19 19 19 20 21
29
43
05
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
SizeRed
uctionFactorbyTable
OLTP Compression (avg=3.3)
Query Compression (avg=14.6)
Archive Compression (avg=22.6)
Real-World Compression RatiosOracle Production E-Business Suite Tables
Columnar compression ratios
Query = 14.6X
Archive = 22.6X
Vary by application and table
52
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Exadata Smart Flash CacheBreaks the Disk Random I/O Bottleneck
Trade-off between traditional disks drives and
Flash Disk drives are cheap, high capacity but low I/Os per
second (300 IOPS per disk)
Flash is expensive, lower capacity but can supporttens of thousands of I/Os per second
Ideal Solution - Exadata Smart Flash Cache Keep most data on disk for low cost
Transparently move hot data to flash
Use flash cards instead of flash disksto avoid diskcontroller limitations
Flash cards in Exadata storage High bandwidth, low latency interconnect
4 x 96GB PCI Express Flash Cards per ExadataServer
11.2
300 I/O per Sec
Tens of Thousands ofI/Os per Second
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Exadata Smart Flash Caching Algorithm
Caches data intelligently to maximize Flash memoryusage for frequently read data
Automatically skips caching of infrequently read objects Backups not cached
Secondary copy of mirrored user data not cached
I/Os due to ASM rebalance operations not cached.
User can further optimize caching policies by specifyingwhether or not to cache specific database objects.
11.2
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Benefits of Exadata Smart Flash Cache
Integrated solution provides performance of Flash at the price oftraditional disks
Exadata Flash Cache is shared across all the database nodes of acluster unlike flash cards inserted in a database server
Exadata Flash Cache does not duplicate data cached in otherExadata Storage Servers
Exadata Flash Cache benefits from Exadatas scale-out architecture.More capacity and bandwidth as you add more Exadata StorageServers
Can run Smart Scans against contents in the Exadata Flash Cache
Can simultaneously issue I/O to the Flash cards and the physicaldisks for even higher performance
11.2
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Exadata Logical Flash Disks
Configure a portion or all of the Flash memory to act as
persistent Logical Flash Disks Treat them just like regular disks
Create ASM diskgroups across these Flash disks like any otherASM diskgroup
Data is automatically mirrored by ASM across these Flash diskswith the mirrored copy on other Exadata Storage Servers
High Performance for write-intensive workloads
Logical Flash
Disks
11.2
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Exadata I/O Resource ManagementMixed Workload Environments
With traditional storage,creating and
managing shared storage ishampered by the inability to balancethe work between users on the samedatabase or on multiple databasessharing the storage subsystem
Hardware isolation is the
approach to ensure separation Exadata I/O resource managementensures different users and taskswithin a database are allocated thecorrect relative amount of I/Oresources
For example: Interactive: 50% of I/O resources
Reporting: 30% of I/O resources
ETL: 20% of I/O resources
DatabaseServer
Exadata Cell
InfiniBand Switch/Network
Exadata Cell Exadata Cell
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Exadata I/O Resource ManagementMulti-Database Environment
Ensure different databases areallocated the correct relative amount ofI/O bandwidth
Database A: 33% I/O resources
Database B: 67% I/O resources
Ensure different users and tasks within
a database are allocated the correctrelative amount of I/O bandwidth
Database A:
Reporting: 60% of I/O resources
ETL: 40% of I/O resources
Database B: Interactive: 30% of I/O resources
Batch: 70% of I/O resources
Exadata Cell
InfiniBand Switch/Network
Database A Database B
Exadata Cell Exadata Cell
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Exadata Scale-Out Storage Grid
Dynamic virtualized storage
resources using Automatic StorageManagement (ASM)
Simple and non-intrusive resourceallocation, and reallocation, enablingtrue enterprise grid storage
Database work spread acrossstorage resources for optimalperformance
Powerful storage allocation optionsand management
Flexible configuration forperformance and availability
Exadata Cell
InfiniBand Switch/Network
Single-Instance
Database
RAC
Database
Exadata Cell Exadata Cell
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Exadata Storage Layout
Cell
Disk
Sys Area Sys Area
Grid Disk n
Grid Disk 1
ASM disk
ASM disk
Physical disks map to Cell Disks
Cell Disks partitioned into one or multiple Grid Disks Grid Disks created in order of hottest first to coldest portion of the
disk last
ASM diskgroups created from Grid Disks
Transparent above the ASM layer
Physical
Disk
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Exadata Storage Layout ExampleASM Mirroring and Failure Groups
Example shows cell disks divided into two grid disks hot and cold
Two ASM disk groups created across the two sets of grid disks ASM striping evenly distributes I/O across the disk groups
ASM mirroring is used to protect against disk failures
ASM failure groups are used to protect against cell failures
Exadata Cell Exadata Cell
Hot Hot Hot
Cold Cold Cold
ASM
Disk Group
ASM
Failure Group
Hot Hot Hot
Cold Cold Cold
ASM
Failure Grou
I l d G id Di k
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Interleaved Grid Disks
Grid disks are optionally split andinterleaved to place frequently accesseddata in all grid disks on higher performingouter tracks
All applications benefit from higherperformance outer tracks of disks
Grid Disk 2
Hot Data, Cold Data
Grid Disk 1
Hot Data, Cold Data
11.2
E d t St M t & Ad i i t ti
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Exadata Storage Management & Administration
Enterprise Manager Manage & administer Database and ASM
Exadata Storage Plug-in Enterprise Manager Grid Control Plug-in to monitor & manage
Exadata Storage Cells
Comprehensive CLI Local Exadata Storage cell management
Distributed shell utility to execute CLI across multiple cells
Sun Embedded Integrated Lights Out Manager (ILOM)
Remote management and administration of hardware
E d t St Pl i
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Exadata Storage Plug-in
Enterprise Manager Grid Control Plug-in to monitor &
manage Exadata Storage Cells Works with Enterprise Manager Grid Control 10.2.0.3and later versions
D t P t ti S l ti
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Data Protection Solutions
All single points of failure eliminated by the Exadata Storage architecture
Hardware Assisted Resilient Data (HARD) built in to Exadata Storage Prevent data corruption before it happens
Data Guard provides disaster protection and data corruption protection
Automatically maintains one or more copies of the database
Flashback provides human error protection
Snapshot-like capabilities to rewind database to before error
Recovery Manager (RMAN) provides backup to disk
Archiving and corruption protection
Can be used with Oracle Secure Backup (OSB) or third party tape backupsoftware
These work just as they do for traditional non-Exadata storage
Users and database administrator use familiar tools
E d t C E i t d Mi ti
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Exadata Co-Existence and Migration
Databases can be concurrently
deployed on Exadata andtraditional storage Tablespaces can exist on Exadata
storage, traditional storage, or acombination of the two, and is
transparent to database applications SQL offload processing requires allpieces of a tablespace reside onExadata
Online migration if currently using
ASM and ASM redundancy Migration can be done usingRMAN or Data Guard
Non-Exadata
Database
Server
Online Migration
Exadata
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Best Data Warehouse Machine
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E d t St F t
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Exadata Storage Features
Exadata Smart Scans 10X or greater reduction in data sent to
database servers
Exadata Storage Indexes Eliminate unnecessary I/Os to disk
Hybrid Columnar Compression Efficient compression increases user data scan
rates
Flash doubles scan rates Combined with Hybrid Columnar Compression,
scan rate is 20X more
I M P ll l E ti
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In-Memory Parallel Execution
A single database machine has over400GB of memory usable for caching
Database release 11.2 introduces parallelquery processing on memory cached data
Harnesses memory capacity of entire database clusterfor queries
Foundation for world record 1TB TPC-H
Exadata Hybrid Columnar Compressionenables multi-terabyte tables or partitionsto be cached in memory
315,842
1,018,321
1,166,976
ParAccel Exasol Oracle & HP
Exadata
QphH: 1 TB TPC-H
Faster than specialized in-memorywarehouse databases
Memory has 100x more bandwidth than Disk
Source: Transaction Processing Council, as of 9/14/2009:
Oracle on HP Bladesystem c-Class 128P RAC, 1,166,976 QphH@1000GB, $5.42/QphH@1000GB, available 12/1/09.Exasol on PRIMERGY RX300 S4, 1,018,321 QphH@1000GB, $1.18/QphH@1000GB, available 08/01/08.
ParAccel on SunFire X4100315 842 hH 1000GB $4.57 / hH 1000GB available 10/29/07.
11.2
B fit M lti l
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Benefits Multiply
1 TBwith compression
10 TB of user dataRequires 10 TB of IO
100 GBwith partition pruning
20 GBwith Storage Indexes
5 GBwith Smart Scans
SubsecondOn Database
Machine
Data is 10x Smaller, Scans are 2000x faster
DBFS Scalable Shared File S stem
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DBFS - Scalable Shared File System
Database Machine comes with DBFS shared Linux file system Shared storage for ETL staging, scripts, reports and other application files
Files stored as SecureFile LOBs in database tables stored inExadata
Protected like any DB datamirroring, DataGuard, Flashback, etc.
5 to 7 GB/sec file system I/O throughput
ETL Files in DBFS
Load into databaseusing External Tables
ETL
More File Throughput than High-End NAS Filer
11.2
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Best OLTP Machine
Best OLTP Machine
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Best OLTP Machine
Only Oracle runs real-world businessapplications on the Grid
Unique fault-tolerant scale-out OLTPdatabase
RAC, Data Guard, Online Operations
Unique fault-tolerant scale-out storagesuitable for OLTP
ASM, Exadata
Dramatic New OLTP Capabilities
Exadata Flash 11 2
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Exadata FlashSolves the Random I/O Bottleneck
Oracle is the First FlashOptimized Database
11.2
Sun Oracle Database Machine has
5+ TBof flash storageExadata Smart Cache caches hotdata
Database Machine achieves:
20x more random I/Os
Over 1 million per second
2x faster sequential query I/O
50 GB/sec
10x better I/O responsetime
Sub-millisecondGreatly Reduced Cost
10x fewer disks for IOPS
Lower Power
Complete Open Integrated Availability
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WAN
Complete, Open, Integrated AvailabilityMaximum Availability Architecture
Protection from Server Failures Storage Failures
Network Failures
Site Failures
Real-time remote standby open for queries
Human error correction Database, table, row, transaction level
Online indexing and table redefinition
Online patching and upgrades
Real
ApplicationClusters
ASM
Fast
Recovery Area
Active
Data Guard
SecureBackup
Complete Open Integrated Security
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Complete, Open, Integrated Security
DataMasking
AdvancedSecurity
SecureBackup
Encryption and Masking
DatabaseVault
LabelSecurity
Access Control
ConfigurationManagement
AuditVault TotalRecall
Monitoring
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Best Consolidation Machine
Consolidation
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Consolidation
Biggest driver of ongoingcost is
Multitudes of special-purpose systems
Consolidate onto DatabaseMachine
High performance for all applications
Low cost platform for all applications Predictable response times in a shared
environment
Handles all data management needs
Complete, Open, Integrated
ERP
CRM
Warehouse
Data Mart
HR
CRMERP
Warehouse Data Mart
HR
Best Consolidation Machine
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Best Consolidation Machine
Consolidation mixes many different
workloads in one system Warehouse oriented bulk data processing
OLTP oriented random updates
Multimedia oriented streaming files
The Sun Oracle Database Machinehandles any combination of workloadswith extreme performance And predictable response times
Dramatic new consolidationcapabilities
ERP
CRM
Warehouse
Data Mart
HR
Consolidate Storage
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Consolidate Storage
Exadata and ASM allow all storage servers to be
shared across databases
Shared Configuration Advanced data striping spreads every database across
all storage servers
Eliminates hot-spots and captive unused space
Full storage grid performance available to all databases
Database or cluster level storage security
Predictable Performance
Exadata I/O resource managerprioritizes I/Os to
ensure predictable performance At user, job, application, or database level
No need for isolated storage islands
ERP
CRM
Warehouse
Data Mart
HR
Consolidate Servers
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Consolidate Servers
Many databases can run on Database
Machine servers Shared Configuration
Applications connect to a database servicethatruns on one or more database nodes
Services can grow, shrink, & move
dynamically Large databases can span nodesusing RAC
Multiple small databases can run on a single node
Predictable performance
Instance cagingprovides predictable CPUresources when multiple databases run on thesame node
Restricts a database to subset of processors
ERP CRM
Warehouse
Data
Mart
HR
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The Architecture of the Future
Massively Parallel Grid
Best for Data WarehousingBest for OLTP
Best for Consolidation
Resources
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Resources
Oracle.com:http://www.oracle.com/exadata
Oracle Exadata Technology Portal on OTN:http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/bi/db/exadata
Oracle Exadata white papers:http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/bi/db/exadata/pdf/exadata-technical-whitepaper.pdf
http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/bi/db/exadata/pdf/migration-to-exadata-whitepaper.pdf
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