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LEO-15 Data, Presentations and Publications

Curtiss O. Davis, Bill Snyder, Jeffrey Bowles & W. Joe RheaCode 7212

Naval Research Laboratory

Washington, DC 20375

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LEO 2001 IN SITU DATA Profiling Optics and Water Return (POWR) Package

Joe Rhea and Gia Lamela

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LEO 2001 IN SITU DATA Specifics of Data Collected July 22 Through August 2, 2001

1) Profiling Optics and Water Return (POWR) PackageInstrument What is measuredHistar Water Absorption and Attenuation at 103 wavelengthsac-9 unfiltered Water Absorption and Attenuation at 9 wavelengthsac-9 filtered CDOM Absorption at 9 wavelengthsHydroscat-6 Backscattering in 6 wavelengths WetStar Stimulated Fluorescence (460nm out / 695nm in)Seabird CTD Conductivity (Salinity), Temperature, DepthWater bottles 8 bottles, each 2.5 liters (total 20 liters of water)

2) Pad Absorption, including Ap, Ad, Aph, and Ag

3) Chlorophyll concentration derived from both Turner and HPLC

4) Above-water Rrs (350-850nm) - Collected when sky conditions permitted

5) Sun Photometer - Collected when sky conditions permitted

6) Total Suspended Sediments / Laser particle Counter

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LEO 2001 IN SITU DATA Summary of Data Collected July 22 Through August 2, 2001

Item: Processed by: Count: Status:Optic Profiles Rhea/Lamela 55 CompletedRrs J. Rhea 17 CompletedPad Absorption G. Lamela 23 CompletedTurner [Chl_a] G. Lamela 23 CompletedHPLC [Chl_a] C. Trees 19 CompletedSun Photometer W. Snyder 19 CompletedTSS/LPC M. Sydor > 21 Completed

Contact Joe Rhea for this data (202) 767-0439 orrhea@rsd.nrl.navy.mil

Total stations sampled: 32

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LEO 2001 IN SITU DATA Station Locations, July 22 Through August 2, 2001

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0.000

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

350 450 550 650 750 850

010722a

010723a

010723c

010723d

010723e

010725a

010727c

010731a

010731b

010731c

010801a

010801b

010801c

010801d

010802a

010802b

010802c

LEO 2001 IN SITU DATA Rrs Spectra Collected July 22 Through August 2, 2001

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LEO 2001 IN SITU DATA Station Locations for Selected Rrs Spectra

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LEO 2001 IN SITU DATA Selected Rrs Spectra

0.000

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

010723e

010731b

010801c

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PHILLS 2001 Data Summary

• Data collected 7/22,, 7/23, 7/25, 7/27, 7/28, 7/31, 8/01 and 8/02/2001.– 7/23 & 7/25 1.8 meter in-shore survey.– 7/27 & 8/02 Hi-Resolution (0.8 m) in-shore survey.– 7/31 AVIRIS over-flight.– 8/01 Time series (with AVIRIS over-flight).– 7/22 & 7/28 Engineering flights with science capability.

• Status Summary.– Data display small (~ 1 pixel) spatial displacement from laboratory

calibration.– Some (< 1% of total) data contain dropped bands.– Pre and Post deployment laboratory wavelength calibrations agree,

but differ slightly from flight data.– Derived reflectance has been compared with simultaneous ASD

observations and are in reasonable agreement.– However, water pixels located next to bright land features display a

rising reflectance at wavelengths greater than 0.7 microns. Reflectance below 0.7 microns appears to be minimally effected.

– Latitude and longitude positional information available.

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Code 7212 Web Site (rsd-www.nrl.navy.mil/7212).

• Quick-looks for both 2000 and 2001 PHILLS 1 data available on Code 7212 Web Site (rsd-www.nrl.navy.mil/7212).– JPEGS of each aircraft scan and maps of flight lines.– PowerPoint and Excel files displaying/listing planned scan coordinates.

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PHILLS 1 Products

• For each image sequence requested, the following products will be provided.– Radiance and/or Remote Sensing Reflectance (Rrs) data cube.– Band lines mask.– Positional (IGM) file for that data cube.– A land mask file will also be produced if an Rrs file is produced.

• We prefer to download data to the user’s FTP site. It may be possible for a user to download data from our site but NRL security requirements will need to be met.

• We can make CDs of SMALL data sets. • Products will be produced with the best available information available at

the time but will require user feedback to help identify, quantify and remove any remaining or newly discovered systematic effects.

• To request this data contact Bill Snyder (202) 404-1376, or snyder@rsd.nrl.navy.mil

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31 July 2001 Rrs Comparison of Aircraft and In-Water Sensors

100 meters

PHILLS-2AVIRISPHILLS-1

AVIRISac9 Zaneveld Correctionac9 Base Correction

AVIRISASD ObservedASD Glint Corrected

AVIRIS Image

X

Rrs

x 1

00,0

00R

rs x

100

,000

Rrs

x 1

00,0

00

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Turbid Water Bottom Type and Bathymetry Study

The remote sensing reflectance in visible and near-IR wavelengths is being used to detect different bottom types, identify submerged aquatic vegetation and measure bathymetry in the shallow turbid waters of Barnegat Bay, NJ.

Map of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation

Example Rrs Spectra

23 July 2001 PHILLS-1 Barnegat Bay Image

300 meters

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Figure 1. (Top) SeaWiFS (1000 m GSD) and (bottom) a mosaic of PHILLS 2 ( 9 m GSD) images of bb at

555 nm for the LEO-15 study site on July 31, 2001. The images cover the same region and are mapped to the same grid. The land end of the PHILLS 2 flight lines are shown in brown on the SeaWiFS image for orientation.

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Figure 2. Left: AVIRIS (20 m GSD) RGB image of the nearshore frontal region showing the complexity of this region. Right: PHILLS 1 (1.8 m GSD) RGB image of the frontal region where three water types converge in the center of the AVIRIS image. Note the swell pattern visible in both images.

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Figure 3. Left: AVIRIS (20 m GSD) RGB image. Right: PHILLS 1 (1.8 m GSD) RGB image of the sandbar in the center of the AVIRIS image showing ripples on the surface of the sandbar.

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Ocean PHILLS hyperspectral imager: design, characterization, and calibration

Curtiss O. Davis, Jeffrey Bowles, Robert A. Leathers, Dan Korwan, T. Valerie Downes, William A. Snyder, W. Joe Rhea, Wei Chen

Naval Research Laboratory, Code 7212, 4555 Overlook Ave. S. W., Washington, D. C. 20375http://rsd-www.nrl.navy.mil/7212

John FisherBrandywine Optical Technologies, P O. Box 459, West Chester, PA 19381

W. Paul BissettFlorida Environmental Research Institute,

4807 Bayshore Blvd., Tampa, FL 33611pbissett@flenvironmental.org

Robert Alan ReisseScience Inquiries, Inc., 312 Patleigh Road, Catonsville, MD 21228

Abstract: The Ocean Portable Hyperspectral Imager for Low-Light Spectroscopy (Ocean PHILLS) is a hyperspectral imager specifically designed for imaging the coastal ocean. It uses a thinned, backside- illuminated CCD for high sensitivity and an all-reflective spectrograph with a convex grating in an Offner configuration to produce a nearly distortion-free image. The sensor, which was constructed entirely from commercially available components, has been successfully deployed during several oceanographic experiments in 1999-2001. Here we describe the instrument design and present the results of laboratory characterization and calibration. We also present examples of remote-sensing reflectance data obtained from the LEO-15 site in New Jersey that agrees well with ground-truth measurements. ©2002 Optical Society of America, Optics Express, 10(4): 210-221, 2002.

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Bissett, W. P, Jeffrey H. Bowles, Curtiss O. Davis, Daniel Dye, David D. R. Kohler, Marco J. J. Montes, Robert Steward, 2002, Windmills and Stray Light: A Quixotic Quest for Radiometric Calibration of an Airborne Imaging Spectrometer, Proceedings of Ocean Optics XVI, Sante Fe, NM, (invited). ONR CD November, 2002.

Casey, Brandon; Arnone, Bob; Martinolich, Paul; Ladner, Sherwin; Montes, Marcos; Kohler, David; Bissett, Paul, 2002, Characterizing The Optical Properties Of Coastal Waters Using Fine And Coarse Resolution, Proceedings of Ocean Optics XVI, Sante Fe, NM, ONR CD November, 2002.

Davis, Curtiss; Moline, Mark; Bissett, Paul; Arnone, Bob; Schofield, Oscar; Glenn, Scott; Snyder, William A.; Montes, Marcos - IMPACT OF SPATIAL RESOLUTION ON THE OBSERVATION OF COASTAL ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES, Proceedings of Ocean Optics XVI, Sante Fe, NM, ONR CD November, 2002.

Kohler, David; Bissett, W. Paul; Davis, Curtiss O.; Bowles, Jeffrey; Dye, Daniel, Steward, Robert; Britt, Jessica; Montes, Marcos; Schofield; Moline, Mark - HIGH RESOLUTION HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OVER OCEANOGRAPHIC SCALES AT THE LEO 15 FIELD SITE, Proceedings of Ocean Optics XVI, Sante Fe, NM, ONR CD November, 2002.

Snyder, William; Donato, D.; Bachmann, C.; Bowles, J.; Davis, C. O.; Fusina, R.; Lamela, G.; Rhea, W. J.; Lathrop, R. - DEPTH AND BOTTOM TYPE ESTIMATES OF A TURBID SHALLOW WATER ESTUARY USING VISIBLE/NEAR-IR HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING REFLECTANCE, Proceedings of Ocean Optics XVI, Sante Fe, NM, ONR CD November, 2002.

Ocean Optics XVI Abstracts that we Plan to Pursue for Papers

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Future Publications:1. Support Dave Kohler and Paul Bissett et al. on a paper on calibration of the PHILLS sensors using the new techniques that they have developed. (Bissett et al. Ocean Optics XVI abstract). (in progress)2. Continue to work with Curt Mobley, Paul Bissett et al. on look-up table approach for analyzing hyperspectral data for shallow ocean environments (Mobley et al. Ocean Optics XVI abstract). (in progress) 3. Snyder et al. NRL technical report on the PHILLS LEO-15 data collections and the processing of the data. (in progress)4. Publication on the Red River observations July 2000 Davis and Snyder with Schofield, Moline, et al. (build on draft by Schofield et al. for EOS?)5. Snyder et al. publication on the shallow water areas and seagrass beds following up the Snyder et al. Ocean Optics XVI abstract.6. Publication on the Mullica River marshes and adjacent land areas using the PHILLS and AVIRIS data. Bachmann, Snyder, Davis et al. working with Rick Lathrop et al. 7. Publication on the waves as imaged in the PHILLS and AVIRIS data as shown in the Davis et al. Ocean Optics XVI abstract (with Eric Terrell?)8. One or more publications on the scaling effects as seen in the SeaWiFS, MODIS, Indian Ocean Monitor (IOM, who has this data and is it well calibrated?), AVIRIS , and PHILLS 1, 2 building on the Davis et al and Casey et al Ocean Optics XVI abstracts.9. Rhea, Lamela, et al. NRL report describing the Profiling Optical and Water Return (POWR) package, its calibration and the processing of data. 10. Papers on the Northstar 2001 data especially as related to ground truth for the PHILLS data and testing hyperspectral algorithms (Rhea, Lamela, Davis, Philpot, others?).