025 US vs Sumulong.docx

8/18/2019 025 US vs Sumulong.docx

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US VS SUMULONG

G.R. No. L-9972 March 25, 1915

FACTS: The defendant wa char!ed w"th the #"o$at"on of a %&n"c"'a$ ord"nance of the %&n"c"'a$"t( of Lo )a*o, La!&na, re!&$at"n! the 'a(%ent of $"cene fee f"h"n! 'r"#"$e!e. The "nfor%at"ona$$e!ed tat defendant wa en!a!ed "n f"h"n! "n '&+$"c water w"tho&t +e"n! 'ro#"ded w"th a $"cenefro% the %&n"c"'a$"t(. Art"c$e 1 of the ord"nance "n &et"on c$a"f"e and !rad&ate the $"cene feefor f"h"n! 'r"#"$e!e.

A de%&rrer wa "nter'oed to the "nfor%at"on on the !ro&nd that the fact a$$e!ed d"d not cont"t&tea '&+$"c offene f"rt +eca&e the %&n"c"'a$ co&nc"$ wa w"tho&t 'ower to "%'oe the $"cene tae"n &et"on, and econd, on the !ro&nd that the ord"nance wa &ncont"t&t"ona$. The $ower co&rt "n'a"n! &'on the de%&rrer he$d that the ord"nance "n &et"on wa "n#a$"d for the reaon that the%&n"c"'a$"t( wa w"tho&t the 'ower to c$a"f( the $"cene fee "n the %anner et o&t "n art"c$e 1 of the ord"nance.

/SS0: hether or not the %&n"c"'a$"t( ha the 'ower to c$a"f( and !rad&ate the $"cene fee for

f"h"n! 'r"#"$e!e

3L4: e. 0nder the 'ro#""on of ect"on 6 8c of the M&n"c"'a$ Code a %&n"c"'a$"t( " a&thor"edto "%'oe $"cene for f"h"n! 'r"#"$e!e. No retr"ct"on whate#er " '$aced on th" 'ower. /t "therefore c$ear$( w"th"n the $e!a$ 'ower of a %&n"c"'a$"t( to %a;e an( reaona+$e c$a"f"cat"on of the 'eron en!a!ed "n f"h"n! and to !rad&ate the $"cene fee accord"n!$(.

The a''e$$ee contend that, &nder the !rant of 'ower conferred +( ect"on 6 of the M&n"c"'a$ Code,the %&n"c"'a$"t( ha on$( the r"!ht to "%'oe a !enera$ $"cene ta w"tho&t re!ard to the a''arat&&ed or the +enef"t wh"ch are e'ected to re&$t fro% the 'r"#"$e!e. Th" content"on can not +e&ta"ned. /n con"der"n! "%"$ar &et"on the co&rt ha#e fre&ent$( a"d that "t " noth"n! to one'eron, +e$on!"n! to a certa"n c$a, that o%e one e$e, +e$on!"n! to another c$a, 'a( %ore or

$e than he doe, "nce a$$ +e$on!"n! to h" c$a %&t 'a( the a%e. So far a the record "nd"catethe c$a"f"cat"on %ade +( the %&n"c"'a$"t( of Lo )a*o wa a reaona+$e one, and the $"cene feewere !rad&ated accord"n! to the #a$&e of the 'r"#"$e!e conferred.


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Re'&+$"c of the &r"d"ct"on of the %&n"c"'a$"t( of Lo )a*o, tow"t:

For each dra!-net, &arter$( "n ad#ance,


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/n d"c&"n! the &et"on at "&e the co&rt a"d: @The $aw 'er%"t the %&n"c"'a$"t( to co$$ect a tafor !rant"n! a $"cene to f"h, +&t "t a( noth"n! a+o&t a ta on f"h"n! a''arat&, nor on the d"fferent;"nd of &ch a''arat&. So "n the o'"n"on of the co&rt, the ord"nance "n &et"on " "$$e!a$, for "nenact"n! art"c$e 1 thereof the 'ower !ranted +( $aw to %&n"c"'a$"t"e were eceeded.@

/t " c$ear that the $ower co&rt wa of the o'"n"on that the ord"nance "n &et"on "%'oed a ta &'on

the d"fferent ;"nd of f"h"n! a''arat& and 'ara'herna$"a referred to "n art"c$e 1 of the ord"nance +&twe th"n; a %ere read"n! of the ord"nance, +ear"n! "n %"nd "t '&r'oe, how that &ch wa not thecae. C$ear$( the %&n"c"'a$ co&nc"$ had no &ch "ntent"on. The who$e '&r'oe of the ord"nance wato c$a"f( and !rad&ate the $"cene fee for f"h"n! 'r"#"$e!e accord"n! to the ;"nd of a''arat&&ed. No ta " "%'oed &'on the e#era$ ;"nd of a''arat& the( are referred to "n the ord"nance%ere$( a a %ean of c$a"f"cat"on.

The a&thor"t( of the %&n"c"'a$"t( to "%'oe a $"cene for f"h"n! 'r"#"$e!e " fo&nd "n &+ect"on of ect"on 6 of the M&n"c"'a$ Code. A !enera$ 'ower " conferred and noth"n! " a"d re!ard"n! thec$a"f"cat"on or !rad&at"on of &ch fee. The &et"on then ", whether the %&n"c"'a$"t( &nder th"!enera$ !rant to 'ower %a( c$a"f( and !rad&ate the $"cene fee for f"h"n! 'r"#"$e!e, or whether "t" $"%"ted to the "%'o"t"on of a "n!$e $"cene ta, o'erat"n! on a$$ 'eron a$";e, re!ard$e of the

a''arat& &ed or the +enef"t der"#ed fro% &ch a 'r"#"$e!e.

S"%"$ar &et"on ha#e fre&ent$( +een +efore the A%er"can co&rt for deter%"nat"on, and the we"!htof a&thor"t( c$ear$( "nd"cate that, &nder a !enera$ 'ower to "%'oe and co$$ect $"cene fee andocc&'at"on tae a %&n"c"'a$"t( ha the r"!ht to c$a"f( and !rad&ate &ch fee accord"n! to the#a$&e of the 'r"#"$e!e conferred, o $on! a &ch c$a"f"cat"on " reaona+$e and doe notcontra#ene cont"t&t"ona$ r"!ht.

The o+>ect"on !enera$$( "nter'oed to &ch ord"nance " that the( #"o$ate the cont"t&t"ona$'ro#""on re&"r"n! &n"for%"t( of taat"on.

/t ha howe#er +een he$d that %erchant %a( +e c$a"f"ed accord"n! to the a%o&nt of the"r a$e or the #a$&e of the"r toc;, and a !rad&ated $"cene fee "%'oed accord"n!$(. S&ch a ta " he$d not to+e a ta &'on 'ro'ert(, +&t a $"cene ta "%'oed for the 'r"#"$e!e of carr("n! on the +&"ne "n&et"on. 8C$ar; vs. T"t&#"$$e, 16 0.S., 29 6B L. ed., 5B9.

/n ex parte S"to L" ect to cr"t"c"%for $ac; of &n"for%"t( o $on! a the tae "%'oed are the a%e &'on a$$ %e%+er of a 'art"c&$ar c$a.

A re&"re%ent of a $"cene fee fro% 'edd$er, c$a"f("n! the% a foot 'edd$er, 'edd$er w"th one-hore cart or wa!on, and 'edd$er w"th two-ho&e cart or wa!on, char!"n! a d"fferent rate for each,wa &'he$d "n neeland vs. !ittsburgh 8ect of a 'art"c&$ar c$a. 8S%"thvs. Lo&"#"$$e (.D, B S. ., 911.


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/n /$$"no" "t ha +een he$d that a %&n"c"'a$"t(, &nder a charter a&thor""n! "t to $"cene ;ee'er of $"#er( ta+$e, ha f&$$ 'ower to 'recr"+e a r&$e that &ch $"cene ha$$ +e 'a"d "n 'ro'ort"on to then&%+er of carr"a!e ;e't for h"re. 83ow$and vs. Ch"ca!o, 1? ///., 69B.

A $"cene ta "%'oed &'on hote$ ha +een he$d to +e &nreaona+$e or o''re"#e +eca&e thea%o&nt re&"red to the 'a"d " !ranted +( the n&%+er of roo% wh"ch %a( +e de#oted to the

acco%%odat"on of the '&+$"c. 8St. Lo&" vs. )"rcher, 7 Mo. A''., 1B9.

/n the cae of Singer "fg. #o vs. $right 8 fed., 121, the co&rt, "n d"c&"n! a "%"$ar &et"on,'ea;"n! thro&!h &t"ce New%an, a"d: @"t w"$$ ne#er +e he$d an(where, / "%a!"ne, that the tate%a( not c$a"f( +&"ne for taat"on.@

State $e!"$at&re are &&a$$( $"%"ted "n the eerc"e of the"r $e!"$at"#e 'ower to&ch"n! taat"on +(cont"t&t"ona$ 'ro#""on and the %&n"c"'a$ a&thor"t"e are "n $";e %anner $"%"ted +( the cont"t&t"on,+( !enera$ tat&tor( 'ro#""on, and the ter% of the"r %&n"c"'a$ charter. A f&rther $"%"tat"on " not"nfre&ent$( fo&nd "n the !enera$ 'r"nc"'$e re&"r"n! %&n"c"'a$ ord"nance to +e reaona+$e and "nf&rtherance of the '&r'oe of the 'ower conferred.

/n Singer "fg. #o vs. $right 8supra the co&rt a"d f&rther: @The 'ower to ta +&"ne " contro$$edon$( +( the c$a&e Hall taat"on ha$$ +e &n"for% &'on the a%e c$a of &+>ect.H Th" " a retr"ct"on&'on the 'ower to ta, +&t the retr"ct"on " a to &n"for%"t(, and th" &n"for%"t( a to Hthe a%e c$aof &+>ect.H The 'ower to c$a"f( and arran!e "nto c$ae of &+>ect " not $"%"ted or retr"cted.Th" " $eft to the $e!"$at&re. A %ere ar+"trar( arran!e%ent of the a%e +&"ne 'rec"e$( "ntoe'arate c$ae, and d"cr"%"nat"n! tae a to the c$ae, %"!ht not +e &'he$d. )&t where there "reaona+$e d"fference and d"t"nct"on, the $e!"$at&re " &nretr"cted "n the %atter of c$a"f"cat"on.@

The


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&ed or the +enef"t wh"ch are e'ected to re&$t fro% the 'r"#"$e!e. Th" content"on can not +e&ta"ned. /n con"der"n! "%"$ar &et"on the co&rt ha#e fre&ent$( a"d that "t " noth"n! to one'eron, +e$on!"n! to a certa"n c$a, that o%e one e$e, +e$on!"n! to another c$a, 'a( %ore or $e than he doe, "nce a$$ +e$on!"n! to h" c$a %&t 'a( the a%e. So far a the record "nd"catethe c$a"f"cat"on %ade +( the %&n"c"'a$"t( of Lo )a*o wa a reaona+$e one, and the $"cene feewere !rad&ated accord"n! to the #a$&e of the 'r"#"$e!e conferred.

e f"nd noth"n! o+>ect"ona+$e "n the ord"nance, and the order entered "n the co&rt +e$ow &ta"n"n!the de%&rrer ho&$d therefore +e et a"de w"tho&t cot "n th" "ntance. So ordered.

Arellano, #.%., &orres, &rent and Araullo, %%., conc&r.

S"#ara$" O#%&%o&'

MORELAND, J., d"ent"n!:

/ do not +e$"e#e that the "nfor%at"on conta"n fact &ff"c"ent to how the co%%""on of a cr"%e&nder ect"on B and 7 of the Code of Cr"%"na$

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025 US vs Sumulong.docx