COURSE - 3

INDUSTRIAL COMMUNICATION

INDUSTRIAL NETWORK

What is Communication?

Smoke signals Telegraph Digital exchange

Why Communication?

• Same Radio models (ID)

• Transmit by Air

• Same Frequency

• Radio must be Switched on

• Same Language

• Do not speak in the same time

• Acknowledge the message

Items Mandatory to Communicate

Transmitter Receiver

Medium

Language

Translator

Collision

Id = 3

Id = 4

Id = 2

Acknowledgement

ok!

DCS – PCS7

DCS - YOKOGAWA

Sejarah Industrial Network

• Awal abad 20 Sistem Kontrol Proses menggunakan peralatan analog

• Era tahun 1960 digital controller mulai digunakan disebut Direct Digital Control (DDC), exp: PLC

• Pertengahan 1970 Honeywell memperkenalkan Distributed Computer Control System (DCCS) mulai menggantikan kontrol analog

• Perlu perangkat komunikasi diantara kontrolernya

• Tahun 1980 penggunaan local area network pada sistem otomasi industri mulai populer

Cont’d

• Dengan semakin kompleks nya perangkat otomasi yang ditangani maka sangat perlu adanya sebuah standar untuk mengkoneksikan berbagai macam perangkat otomasi

• Muncul OSI (Open System Interconnection) yg merupakan standar komunikasi handal dan terlepas dari vendor/pabrikan.

Contoh perbedaan penggunaan data control

• Proximity sensor di sistem conveyor belt

• Data : ON/OFF

• Control valve

• Data: suhu kerja, friksi, maintenance

Cont’d

• Proximity sensor dan kontrol valve memerlukan cara penanganan data yang berbeda

• Perbedaan tipe data yang ditangani pada sistem otomasi industri memerlukan/ menyebabkan adanya tipe jaringan yang berbeda

• Engineer harus mampu menentukan tipe jaringan yang sesuai dengan perangkat otomasinya

Urgensi Industrial Network?

• Sistem yang membutuhkan perangkat sensor dan kontrol yang terdistribusi di beberapa tempat

• Kebanyakan industrial network mentransfer bit informasi secara serial

• Agar semua perangkat bisa berkomunikasi diperlukan suatu aturan komunikasi PROTOCOL

Level Hirarki Sistem Otomasi Industri

Market Requirements

RESPONSETIME

REQUIRED

1 ms

1 s

1minute

1 bit

AMOUNTOF DATA TO BETRANSMITTED

1 Kbps

1 Mbps Information System

PC - Servers

Level 3Company

Data bus

Level 2Process

Field bus

Production managementPLCs - GUI

Level 1Machines

Device bus

Monitoring and controlVariable speed drives

Automation islands

Reaction detection

Digital actuators sensors

Level 0Components

Sensor busN x bits in N x ms

N x words in N x 10 ms

Files in N x seconds

N x 10 words in N x 100 ms

Level Hirarki

• Field Level

• Control Level

• Information Level

Field Level

• Merupakan level terbawah dari Sistem Otomasi Industri

• berupa data binary dan data analog

• Mengukur nilai pada periode yang singkat dalam jangka waktu lama

Field Level (contoh)

• 20mA current loop• Serial communication: RS232C, RS422, and RS485

More sophisticated..• Fieldbus• CANOpen• DeviceNet• FOUNDATION Fieldbus• Interbus-S• LonWorks• Profibus-DP

Control Level

• Pada control level aliran informasi terutama pada: loading program, parameter dan data.

• Pada sebuah kontroler kecil mungkin perlu loading suatu sub-rutin pada siklus fabrikasi tertentu.

Cont’d

• Keperluan real-time processing tidak sangat urgent

• TCP/IP dan OSI menjadi standar transmisi kontrol

Information Level

• Merupakan hirarki teratas dari sistem otomasi industri

• Plant Controller Level bertemu dengan manajemen sistem informasi untuk mengatur seluruh proses sistem otomasi

• Ethenet WAN sebagai Gateway untuk menghubungkan ke jaringan industri lain.

Protocol – ISO model

Physical Media

Coaxial cableThe coaxial cable has excellent electrical properties and is suitable for high speed transmission.

The choice of the MEDIUM affects the transmission quality : Speed Length of the bus Electromagnetic immunity

Twisted pair(s) wires

Easy to install, and the least expensive.

Optical fiber

This is suitable for use in harsh industrial environments. The transmission is reliable over long distances.

Cost of the

medium

Low

High

Tipe Industrial Network Klas 4A

• Profibus (vandi, mas’ud) 10

• LonWorks (tri w, syarif) 3

• Modbus (tiara, rifqi) 4

• Actuator Sensor Interface (AS-I) (terry, jundullah ) 7

• HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer) (teguh, irham ) 5

• Controller Area Network (robin, gilang )8

• DeviceNet (risqi, furqon, anita) 1

• Interbus (reza m, arif nur) 9

• ControlNet (randy, ardian,) 2

• Ethernet and Industrial Ethernet (agustinus, annisa,) 6

Assignment/Mission

• Buat paper + presentasi (ppt) dengan topic tipe industrial network di atas

• Dikerjakan secara kelompok dibagi sesuai jumlah topiknya

• Pokok bahasan meliputi: sejarah, protocol/ISO-model, physical layer, link layer, application layer, contoh aplikasi/contoh arsitektur, kelebihan-kekurangan

• Mulai dipresentasikan mgg depan

Difference between Synchronous and Asynchronous Transmission

Serial communication occurs in either synchronous or asynchronous format.

• In synchronous transmission a receiver and a transmitter are synchronized and a block of character is transmitted along with the synchronization transmission while asynchronous transmission is character oriented means each character carries start and stop bits .

• Asynchronous transmission is used for high speed transmission (more than 20 kbps) while asynchronous transmission is generally used in low speed transmission. (less than 20 kbps).

• In asynchronous transmission when no data transmitted a receiver stays high at logic 1 called mark. Logic 0 is called space. Transmission begins with one start bit followed by a character and one or two stop bits.

Tugas Industrial Network Klas 4B

• Profibus (akhmad, irfan, sigit) 2

• LonWorks (alvidiano, magi) 1

• Modbus (bayu, mirza, venita) 9

• Actuator Sensor Interface (AS-I) (brahma, m.alif) 3

• HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer) (dimas, pandu, yohana) 10

• Controller Area Network (dwi,rendi) 8

• DeviceNet (dyki, riska, yonathan) 5

• Interbus (ekky, rizky) 4

• ControlNet (fatan, septian) 6

• Ethernet and Industrial Ethernet (handinata, shofi) 7