A Comparative Analysis of Modulation and Transposition in Sang Pencerah Movie and Its English Subtitles

The Enlightened One

(A Thesis)

By

Mughniy Anggun Kesuma 08111205

SUBMITTED AS PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SARJANA DEGREE AT THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF

HIGHER SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEKNOKRAT BANDAR LAMPUNG

2013

DECLARATION OF FREE PLAGIARISM

I hereby declare that this thesis is my own, except for quotations and summaries

which have been duly acknowledged.

Date: February 8th

, 2013 (Mughniy Anggun Kesuma)

Approval Page

Title : A Comparative Analysis of Modulation and

Transposition in Sang Pencerah Movie and Its

English Subtitles The Enlightened One.

Name : Mughniy Anggun Kesuma

Student Number : 08111205

Department : English

Program : English Literature

School/Institution : Higher School of Foreign Language Teknokrat

Approved by

Advisor Committee

Head of S1 English Department, Advisor,

Budiawan, S.S., M.Hum. Gede Eka Putrawan, S.S., M.Hum.

NIK 023 03 00 03

Accepted and Validated by

The Board of Examiners

S1 English Department

Higher School of Foreign Language Teknokrat

On February 8th

, 2013

Board of Examiner

Chairman : Gede Eka Putrawan, S.S., M.Hum. ( )

Examiner : Budiawan, S.S., M.Hum. ( )

NIDN : 02 1902 8101

CHAIRMAN OF STBA TEKNOKRAT,

Dr. H.M. Nasrullah Yusuf, S.E., M.B.A.

NIK 021 00 00 01

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbilalamiin,

Praise to Allah SWT, most Merciful, most Beneficent, the Lord of universe,

finally I could accomplish this thesis, Shalawat and Salam, praise to Rasulullah

SAW, the Messenger, and the One who brings human life to enlightenment. This

thesis is arranged as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree at Higher

School of Foreign Language Teknokrat. The accomplishment of this thesis could

not be achieved without the contribution of some great persons. Therefore, in this

opportunity, I would like to deliver my sincere gratitude to:

1. Dr. H.M. Nasrullah Yusuf, S.E., M.B.A., as The Chairman of Higher

School of Foreign Language Tenokrat.

2. Hj. Hernaini, S.S., as The Vice Chairman I of Higher School of Foreign

Language Teknokrat, thanks for approving my thesis.

3. Budiawan, S.S., M.Hum. as the Head of English Literature Department of

Higher School of Foreign Language Teknokrat as well as my examiner,

thanks for giving advantageous suggestion and approving my thesis.

4. Gede Eka Putrawan, S.S., M.Hum., as my advisor, thanks for your

contribution in enlightening and elevating my thought toward translation

studies, giving the beneficial suggestions, and patience in guiding me to

accomplish this thesis.

5. Elza Maisinur, S.S., M.Hum., as the informant, thanks for your

cooperation, support, and brilliant idea toward translation studies shared

with me during the completion of this thesis.

6. Ingatan Gulo, S.S., thanks for your help in forming the idea at the very

beginning of my thesis.

7. Zachary Ethan Adam Tuner, Andyka Putra S.S., thanks for your help and

cooperation as the informants of this thesis.

8. All lectures and staffs of Higher School of Foreign Language Teknokrat,

thanks for the hospitality.

9. Budi Eko Pranoto, S.S. and Erawati Takim, thanks for your help and

cooperation as the informants of this thesis. Fani Fajaryanto Suhardi, S.S.,

Mutia Sari, Kadek Jessica Oglivy, S.S., Eko Triani Pakpahan, S.S., Indah

Guretno, S.S., Wiwit Sartika, S.S., Yulia Tri Eviantika, S.S., thanks for

your support, share, and help during the arrangement of this thesis.

10. My parents, Nazaruddin Ch.Rajo, R.A. Siti Aisyah. Brothers, Hendry

Dewangsa, S.I.P., Anasrullah Dewangsa, S.Sos. , Napoleon Dewangsa,

S.Si.T, M.T., Hendra Hertawan and sisters, Vinda Oktavia, S.Pt., Ni

Wayan Ratna Kadarini, S.E., Khadijah Inriani Kesuma, Dina Puspasari,

S.E., thank you for your trust, and all of your support spiritually.

Bandar Lampung, February 8th

, 2013.

Writer,

Mughniy Anggun Kesuma.

Motto

Do not wait for any permission to pursue your

dreams. Get up, stand straight, walk tall –

Take action! It is your life. Make it great!

Mario Teguh (2012).

Dedication

This written thought, spilled in the hard form of

thesis, dedicates for my parents, brothers, sisters,

and those who have supported me during the

completion. May God bless you all as always.

“Amen”.

ABSTRACT

A Comparative Analysis of Modulation and Transposition

In Sang Pencerah Movie and Its English Subtitles The Enlightened One

By

Mughniy Anggun Kesuma

08111205

This research apparently draws the form of the translated text which is occurred

by using the procedures in translation. In this research, the writer deals with the

procedure of modulation and transposition in Sang Pencerah movie and its

English subtitles The Enlightened One. The writer only focuses on analyzing and

describing the form of changing which is caused by modulation and transposition.

As well as the procedures analyzed the accuracy and clarity occurred from the

effect of those two procedures are measured and analyzed in order to have a sight

of a quality in translated text.

The phenomena of modulation and transposition procedures were classified based

on Catford, Chuquet and Paillard as the experts who supported the notion in detail

about modulation and transposition procedures proposed by Vinay and Dalbernet.

This research applied descriptive qualitative method. Sampling technique used

was purposive sampling and the sample criteria were The Enlightened One in

chapter 13-14 as the English subtitles of Sang Pencerah movie which were

influenced by modulation and transposition procedures. This research shows

result as follows: First, Most of data in English subtitles or 7 (23%) data from 31

modulations apply abstract for concrete modulation as the type used. Second,

most of data in English subtitles or 11 (32%) data from 34 transpositions or

shifting apply class shift as the type used. Third, the most frequently applied

procedure in English subtitles of Sang Pencerah movie is transposition with 34

(52%) occurrences procedure. Fourth, the most accurate and the clearest

procedure is transposition with 12 (48%) data indicated as accurate and 11 (44%)

data indicated as clear from 25 data-gained.

Key words: Translation, Comparative, Modulation and Transposition.

Abbreviation and Information

H = Head

M = Modifier

SL = Source language

TL = Target Language

SP = Sang Pencerah

TEO = The Enlightened One

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

DECLARATION OF FREE PLAGIARISM ...................................................... i

APPROVAL PAGE .............................................................................................. ii

VALIDATION PAGE .......................................................................................... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................... iv

MOTTO ................................................................................................................ vi

DEDICATION ..................................................................................................... vii

ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ viii

ABBREVIATION AND INFORMATION ...................................................... viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... ix

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study .................................................................................... 1

1.2 Formulation of the Problem ............................................................................... 5

1.3 Objective of the Study ....................................................................................... 5

1.4 Scope of the Study ............................................................................................ 6

1.5 Uses of the Study .............................................................................................. 6

1.5.1 Theoretical Use ......................................................................................... 7

1.5.2 Practical Use.............................................................................................. 7

CHAPTER TWO THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.1 Concept of Translation ....................................................................................... 8

2.2 Translation Procedure ........................................................................................ 9

2.2.1 Borrowing ................................................................................................. 10

2.2.2 Calque ....................................................................................................... 11

2.2.3 Literal Translation .................................................................................... 11

2.2.4 Modulation ............................................................................................... 12

2.2.4.1 Grammatical Modulation ............................................................... 13

2.2.4.2 Lexical Modulation ......................................................................... 15

2.2.5 Transposition ............................................................................................. 19

2.2.5.1 Level Shift ....................................................................................... 20

2.2.5.2 Category Shift .................................................................................. 20

2.2.6 Equivalence .............................................................................................. 23

2.2.7 Adaptation ................................................................................................. 23

2.3 Comparative Study ........................................................................................... 24

2.4 Concept of Accuracy ........................................................................................ 25

2.5 Concept of Clarity ............................................................................................ 26

2.6 Subtitles ............................................................................................................ 28

2.7 Previous Study ................................................................................................. 28

CHAPTER THREE METHOD OF RESEARCH

3.1 Research Design .............................................................................................. 32

3.2 Data and Data Source ....................................................................................... 33

3.3 Data Collection Technique .............................................................................. 33

3.4 Data Analyzing technique ............................................................................... 34

CHAPTER FOUR ANALYSIS

4.1 Types of Modulation Procedure ....................................................................... 37

4.1.1 Active for Passive and Vice Versa ............................................................ 37

4.1.2 Syntactical Modulation ............................................................................. 37

4.1.3 Abstract for Concrete ................................................................................ 38

4.1.4 The Expression Stated in SL being Explained in TL ................................ 38

4.1.5 The Changing of Proverb or Word Because of Cultural Differentiation

................................................................................................................... 39

4.1.6 Cause for Effect and Vice Versa ............................................................... 39

4.1.7 Part for The Whole .................................................................................... 40

4.2 Types of Transposition Procedure .................................................................. 40

4.2.1 Level Shift ................................................................................................. 40

4.2.2 Category Shift ........................................................................................... 41

4.2.2.1 Structural Shift ................................................................................ 41

4.2.2.2 Class Shift ........................................................................................ 42

4.2.2.3 Unit Shift or Rank Shift ................................................................... 43

4.2.2.4 Intra-System Shift ............................................................................ 44

4.3 An Analysis of Accuracy and Clarity in Sang Pencerah English Subtitles The

Enlightened One .............................................................................................. 44

4.3.1 An Analysis of Accuracy ........................................................................... 45

4.3.1.1 The Data for Scale Three ..................................................................... 45

4.3.1.2 The Data for Scale Two ....................................................................... 46

4.3.1.3 The Data for Scale One ........................................................................ 46

4.3.2 An Analysis of Clarity ............................................................................... 47

4.3.2.1 The Data for Scale Three ...................................................................... 47

4.3.2.2 The Data for Scale Two ........................................................................ 48

4.3.2.3 The Data for Scale One ......................................................................... 48

4.4 The Most Frequently Applied Procedure ......................................................... 49

4.5 The Accuracy and Clarity between Modulation and Transposition ................. 50

CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

APPENDICES