09 - New Testament II

8/9/2019 09 - New Testament II

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Fifth Sunday of Easter


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Opening Prayer

Come, Holy Spirit

Come, Holy Spirit, fill the hearts of the faithful andenkindle in them the fire of Your love.

V. Send forth Your Spirit and they shall be created.R. And You shall renew the face of the earth.

Let us pray. O God, by the light of the Holy Spirit, Youhave taught the hearts of Your faithful. In the same

Spirit help us to know what is truly right and alwaysto rejoice in Your consolation. We ask this throughChrist, our Lord. Amen.


3/29

The Fourth Glorious Mystery

The Assumption of Mary

And a great sign appeared in heaven, a woman clothed withthe sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head acrown of twelve stars; she was with child and she cried out inher pangs of birth, in anguish for delivery And the dragonstood before the woman who was about to bear a child, thathe might devour her child; she brought forth a male child, onewho is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron, but her childwas caught up to God and to his throne

Revelation 12:1-2,4-5


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5/29

The New Testament Review

The NT is the fulfillment of the OTo The NT lies hidden in the Old, and the OT is revealed in the New. (St.

Augustine A.D. 354-430)

The NT consists of:o Gospels Matthew, Mark, Luke & John

o Acts of the Apostles 2nd of two part writing

o St. Pauls Letters Romans; I & II Corinthians; Galatians; Ephesians;

Philippians; Colossians; I & II Thessalonians; I & II Timothy; Titus;

Philemon

o The Catholic Letters James; Jude; I & II Peter; I, II & III Johno Hebrews & The Book of Revelation


6/29

The New Testament Timeline

64 B.C. Birth of Jesus A.D. 30 Death and Resurrection of Jesus

A.D. 40s Pauls Missionary Journeys

A.D. 50s Pauls Epistles

A.D. 67 Gospel of Mark

A.D. 70 Destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem

A.D. 80s Gospels of Matthew & Luke and Acts

A.D. 90s Gospel of John and Book of Revelation A.D. 367 St. Athanasius fixes NT at 27 books

A.D. 382 Pope Damasus issues official papal decree on NT


7/29

The Acts of the Apostles

Acts picks up where the Gospel of Luke stopso Repeats the Ascension story, then its the time of the Church

Similar introductions show continuityo Luke 1:1-4 Inasmuch as many have undertaken to compile a

narrative of the things which have been accomplished among us, just asthey were delivered to us by those who from the beginning were

eyewitnesses and ministers of the word, it seemed good to me also,

having following all things closely for some time past, to write an orderly

account for you, most excellent Theophilus, that you may know the truth

concerning the things of which you have been informed.

o Acts 1:1-2 In the first book, O Theophilus, I have dealt with all thatJesus began to do and teach, until the day when he was taken up, after

he had given commandment through the Holy Spirit to the apostles

whom he had chosen.

Author: Luke, a companion of Pauls (see Col. 4:14)


8/29

The Acts of the Apostles

When was it written? A.D. 80s

Who was it written for?

o Theophilus (Greek meaning God-lover Theo + philo)

o Unknown if he is a historical person or a symbolic name

o The audience was Gentile Christians, most likely in Greece

Themes

o Explains how Gods plan of salvation was worked out in the early

Church

o Moves from salvation of Israel toward the salvation of all people

o Focuses mostly on Peter and Paul


9/29

The Acts of Continuity

Emphasis on the Holy Spirit - Physical Formo Form of dove Lk. 3:22 and the Holy Spirit descended upon him in

bodily form, as a dove, and a voice came from heaven, You are my

beloved Son; with You I am well pleased.

o Tongues of fire Acts 2:3 And there appeared to them tongues as of

fire, distributed and resting on each one of them.

Emphasis on Preachingo Jesus in Galilee Lk. 4:14 Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit to

Galilee, and a report concerning him went out through all the

surrounding country.

o Church in the world Acts 2:14 And they were all filled with the HolySpirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit gave them

utterance.


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11/29

Who was Sauler, Paul?

Born around A.D. 10 of Tarsus, on the SE coast of Asia Minor

Roman citizen and Jew (Pharisee)

Received rabbinic training from Gamaliel (Acts 22:3)

Vigorous persecutor of Christianso Present at the stoning of Stephen, 1st martyr (Acts. 7:58)

Converted on the Road to Damascus on the way to

persecute more Christianso Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me? (Acts 9:4)o Jesus identifies intimately with his followers, as if they are one Body.

Name changed from Saul to Paul (Acts 13:9)o Sublime change. New name comes with new mission (ex. Abram to

Abraham, Sarai to Sarah, Jacob to Israel, Simon to Peter).


12/29

Pauline Letters

To communities:Romans

I & II Corinthians

Galatians

EphesiansPhilippians

Colossians

I & II Thessalonians

To pastors:I & II Timothy

Titus

Philemon


13/29

Anatomy of a Pauline Letter

Address and greetingo Names the sender and addressee.

Thanksgivingo Sets the tone of the letter and introduce its main theme.

Message of the lettero The letter usually contains Pauline doctrine or teaching on a variety of

subjects appropriate to that community.

o Followed by some practical application that outlines what behavior is

appropriate for a Christian community.

Conclusion and final greetingo Includes personal news, requests, and greetings from Paul or

coworkers to special friends.

o Ends with typical Pauling blessing: If anyone has no love for the Lord,

let him be accursed. Our Lord, come! The grace of Lord Jesus be with

you. My love be with you all Christ Jesus. Amen. (I Cor. 16:21)


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Major Pauline Themes

Against the Judaizerso They accused Paul of making life easier on the Gentiles by not requiring

circumcision.

o Or is God the God of Jews only? Is he not the God of Gentiles also?

Yes, of Gentiles also (Rom. 3:29)

The Lawo The law was the means of attaining salvation for Jews.

o Paul gave up on the Jewish Law and he was a Pharisee! (Gal. 2:19-

21)

Circumcisiono Symbol of Abrahamic covenant, act of obedience to Gods law and

physical act of continuity with salvation history. Paul rejected it for new

Christians.

o See Rom. 2:25-29 and Acts 15:1-21.


15/29

Council of Jerusalem

Story told in Acts 15.o Some were teaching, Unless you are circumcised according to the

custom of Moses, you cannot be saved.

o Peter said, by my mouth the Gentiles should hear the word of the

gospel and believe. And God made no distinction between us and

them, but cleansed their hearts by faith. Now therefore why do youmake trial of God by putting a yoke upon the neck of the disciples which

neither our fathers nor we have been able to bear? But we believe that

we shall be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they will.

o Paul & Barnabas retell their experiences with the Gentiles.

o

James replies, Therefore my judgment is that we should not troublethose of the Gentiles who turn to God, but should write to them to

abstain from the pollutions of idols and from unchastity and from what is

strangled and from blood.


16/29

Catholic Doctrines in Pauls Work

Baptismal regenerationo Titus 3:5

Bishopso I Timothy 3:1-7; Titus 1:7-9

Celibacy and chastityo I Corinthians 7; I Timothy 5:11-12

Confirmationo 2 Corinthians 1:22; Ephesians 1:13

Divinity of Christo Philippians 2:6-11; Colossians 1:15-16; Romans 9:5; Titus 2:13

Eucharisto I Corinthians 10:16-17, 11:23-29


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Excommunicationo I Corinthians 5:13; I Timothy 1:20; Titus 3:10

Forfeiting salvationo Galatians 5:4; I Corinthians 15:1-2

Merit of good workso I Corinthians 3:8, 13:2; Galatians 5:6; 2 Timothy 4:7-8

Heaveno 2 Corinthians 5:1

Hello 2 Thessalonians 1:9

Heresy and dissento Galatians 1:8-9; Colossians 2:8; Ephesians 4:14; I Timothy 1:3-7, 6:3-5;

Titus 3:10-11


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Hierarchy, Churcho Ephesians 4:11-12

Holy Orderso Acts 13:3; I Timothy 4:14, 5:22; 2 Timothy 1:6

Incarnation of Christo Philippians 2:1-11

Indulgenceso 2 Corinthians 2:10

Inspiration of Scriptureo 2 Timothy 3:16

Marriageo Romans 7:2-3; 1 Corinthians 7:10-11; Ephesians 5:31;

I Thessalonians 4:4


19/29


Mass, Obligationo I Corinthians 11:24-25

Mortal Sino Romans 1:29-32; I Corinthians 6:9-10; Galatians 5:19-21; Ephesians

5:5

Original Sino Romans 5:12-19; I Corinthians 15:21-22; Ephesians 2:3

Papacyo Galatians 1:17-19, 2:7-14

Penanceo 2 Corinthians 5:18-20

Prayer, Intercessoryo Colossians 4:3


20/29


Priesthood, Catholico Romans 15:15-16

Priest as Fathero I Corinthians 4:15; I Thessalonians 2:11; Philippians 2:22; Philemon 10

Purgatoryo I Corinthians 3:15

Relicso Acts 19:11-12

Resurrection of the Deado I Corinthians 15:12-14

Saints in Heaveno Colossians 1:12


21/29


Sunday (the Lords Day)o Acts 20:7; I Corinthians 16:1-2

Tradition, Sacredo I Corinthians 11:2; 2 Thessalonians 2:15, 3:6; 2 Timothy 1:13-14, 2:2,

3:14

Trinityo I Corinthians 6:11; 2 Corinthians 1:21-22, 13:13; Ephesians 2:18


22/29

Philippians 2:6-11

A Christ Hymno Who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality

with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied himself, taking the

form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being

found in human form he humbled himself and became obedient

unto death, even death on a cross. Therefore God has highlyexalted him and bestowed on him the name which is above every

name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in

heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue

confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.


23/29

The Catholic Letters

Jameso Leader of the Jewish Christian community in Jerusalem. Not James the

apostle, but James, the brother of Jesus (ie. Cousin).

o Written around end of 1st century

o Important teachings: 1) Faith and Works 2:14-18; 2) Anointing of the

sick 5:13-15

I Petero The 1st Papal Encyclical!

o Important teachings: 1) Hope of future salvation 1:3-12; 2)

Warning about civil obedience and persecution 2:13-17; 3)

Hardship is participation in Christs suffering 3:13-14, 4:12-19

II Petero The 2nd Papal Encyclical!

o Explains the delay of the end of the world 3:1-14


24/29

The Catholic Letters

I, II & III Johno Copious evidence from 2nd & 3rd centuries that these epistles were

written by John the Apostle.

o Stylistically, they are very similar to the Gospel of John.

o Major themes include: the light of God; living as Gods children; God is

love; vigilance against deceivers; authority of the apostles.

Judeo Written by Jude, a servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James.

o Deals with the end of the world. And also deals with false teachers.


25/29

Hebrews

Early acceptance as St. Pauls effort. But the language ofthe letter is elegant, technically perfect, and written in

polished, educated Greek. Pauls known style is more

spontaneous and vigorous.

Comprised of five doctrinal sections:o Christs divinity and activity as creator (1:1-4).

o Christs superiority over the angels (1:5-2:18).

o Christs superiority over Moses (3:1-4:13).

o Christs priesthood is on a higher level than the Levitical priesthood

(4:14-7:28).o Christs sacrifice is worth more than all the sacrifices of the Old Law

(8:1-10:18).


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Hebrews (contd)

Contains five moral themes:o To attain salvation, a person must follow Christ (2:1-4).

o We need to imitate those faithful souls who accepted Revelation, if we

are to enter into Gods rest (3:7-4:13).

o Joyful hope and rules for Christian living (5:11-6:20).

o Reasons why a believer should persevere in the faith despite difficulties(10:19-12:29).

o A final appeal to charity and religious duties (13:1-19).


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Revelation

Written by St. Johno Copious evidence from 2nd & 3rd centuries that these epistles were

written by John the Apostle.

o Stylistically, they are very similar to the Gospel of John.

o Major themes include: the light of God; living as Gods children; God is

love; vigilance against deceivers; authority of the apostles.

Belongs to a genre called apocalyptic literatureo Records visions, full of symbolism.

o Addressed to a persecuted people. The persecution is so great that it

seems like the true embodiment of evil. Only divine intervention can

bring persecution to an end.

o Other apocalyptic literature includes the Book of Daniel, Ezekiel 40-48,

Isaiah 24-27 and 56-66, Zechariah 9-14, etc.

The name, Apocalypse, means unveiling


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Revelation (contd)

Structure is seven letters to seven Churches in Asia Minor(2:1-3:22)o Churches are Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis,

Philadelphia, and Laodicea.

Records seven groups of visions:o Scroll with seven seals (5:1-6:17)

o Seven trumpets (8:11-19)

o Dragons kingdom (woman in travail, 12:1-18)

o Beasts (13:1-18)

o

Christ as Lamb (14:1-5)o Seven plagues visions of the fall of Babylon defeat of the beast by

Christ (15:1-16:2)

Satan let loose overpowered (17:1-20:15)

New heaven and new earth (21:1-22)


29/29

Stump the Dummy

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09 - New Testament II